2019高考英语二轮(阅读理解)精品训练(03)及解析

1、2019高考英语二轮（阅读理解）精品训练（03）及解析Against the supposition than forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent nort

2、hern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as result of a longer fi

3、re season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed

4、up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone（臭氧）levels increased, and ash from the fire fell

5、 on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space,

6、 leading to cooling.“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temp

7、erature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0

8、.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.1. According to the new findings, tak

9、ing steps to prevent northern forest fires may _.A. result in a warming climateB. cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyC. lead to a longer fire seasonD. protect the forests and the environment there【答案与解析】A 根据第二段第一句This finding suggests 可知2. The following are all the immediate effects afte

10、r a forest fire EXCEPT _.A. large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphereB. the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increaseC. snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into spaceD. ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun【答案与解析】C 根据第四段可知

11、3. Earlier studies about northern forest fires _.A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climateB. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphereC. suggest that people should take measures to protect environmentD. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming【答案与解析】D 根据

12、第三段可知4. The underlined phrase “soak up” in the last paragraph most probably means _.A. releasedB. absorbedC. createdD. distributed【答案与解析】B 根据but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space 可知soak up 与sent back 旳意思相反5. From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska,

13、 Canada and Siberia may _.A. warm the climate as the supposition goesB. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climateC. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea iceD. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy【答案与解析】B 根据第一段Against the s

14、upposition scientists have discovered that可知*结束AParagraph 1Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of food people need. They say that there are several kinds of food that people should eat every day. They are: (1) green and yellow vegetables of all kinds. (2) citrus(柑桔) fruits and tomatoes; (3

15、) potatoes and other fruits and vegetables; (4) meat of all kinds, fish and eggs; (5) milk and foods made from milk; (6) bread or cereal(谷类), rice is also in this kind of food; (7) butter, or something like butter.Paragraph 2 People in different countries and different places of the world eat differ

16、ent kinds of things. Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways. People in different countries eat at different times of the day. In some places people eat once or twice a day; in other countries people eat three or four times a day. Scientists say that none of the differences is rea

17、lly important. It doesnt matter whether foods are eaten raw or cooked, canned or frozen. It doesnt matter if a person eats dinner at 4 oclock in the afternoon or at eleven oclock at night. The important thing is what you eat every day.Paragraph 3There are two problems, then, in feeding the large num

18、ber of people on earth. The first is to find some ways to feed the worlds population so that no one is hungry.The second is to make sure that people everywhere have the right kinds of food to make them grow to be strong and healthy.41. According to the scientists, which of the following groups of fo

19、od is the healthiest for your lunch?A. chicken, apples, cereal, cabbagesB. potatoes, carrots, rice, breadC. oranges, bananas, fish, tomatoesD. beef, pork, fish, milk42. It is important for people to eat _.A. three times a dayB. dinner at twelve oclockC. cooked food all the day D. something from each

20、 of the seven kinds of food every day43. People in different countries and different places of the world _.A. has the right kinds of food to eatB. cooks their food in the same wayC. has their meals at the same timeD. eat food in different ways44. If there is Paragraph 4, what do you think is going t

21、o be talked about?A. When people eat their lunchB. What to do with the two problemsC. How to cook food in different waysD. Why people eat different kinds of foodBAt the time, I would go out in the evening with my parents. But this time I had borrowed a bicycle from a friend of mine. I didnt know why

22、, but once I was on my own bicycle, a kind of free feeling flooded through me. The faster I rode, the faster I wanted to go! Far ahead, I rode as if my life depended on it, head down, hands grasping the handbars. I meant to get to Jinghai Bar as fast as I could.Oh! My hands! Dont come any closer. .

23、Dont touch me! That poor doctor just couldnt get my gloves off. Each time he took a step towards me, I broke into painful shouting. Much later, I discovered that I had crashed heavily with another bicycle, and I hadnt spoken one word of sense for at least three hours! After some time, my mother arri

24、ved at the hospital, her face as white as a sheet, and gave me a hug, only then did the doctor begin to stitch(缝合) my head wound, not only did he merrily cut off a long lock of my hair, but used no anaesthetic(麻药) either! Later, I seemed to hear faraway voices saying that my right hand was broken. I

25、 almost burst into tears. How would I ever play the piano again?45. On her way to Jinghai, the writer felt _.A. nervousB. comfortableC. light-heartedD. upset46. Why did the writer ride a bicycle to Jinghai Bar that evening?A. Because she wanted to attend a party on time.B. Because she wanted to meet

26、 her friend who was waiting for her there.C. Because she just wanted, to join some of her friends and drink some wine.D. We are not quite sure about what she was really going there for.47. What did the writer think of the doctor?A. Friendly.B. Cruel.C. Hardworking.D. Kind.48. One thing is sure, that

27、 is, before she was wounded she _.A. often went to Jinghai Bar with her friends B. liked playing the pianoC. didnt like any doctors at allD. would burst into tears when she was in troubleCSome of the best-known names in the entertainment industry have taken part in an unprecedented telethon to help

28、victims of the terrorist attacks in the United States. The benefit(义演), called “America: a Tribute to Heroes,” was sponsored by all four major U.S television networks, ABC,CBS, FOIX and NBC. It was broadcast by three-dozen television, cable and radio networks across the country and aired live to mor

29、e than a hundred countries around the world. Hollywood stars joined music entertainers in asking listeners and viewers to pledge cash donations to charities helping the victims of the September 11th attacks. Actors, including Tom Hanks, Julia Roberts, tom Cruise and Clint Eastwood, told stories of h

30、eroic acts by people who tried to save others from the burning World trade Center and the Pentagon. Former heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali made a rare public appearance in show of support. The appeals alternated with performances by such popular entertainers a Bruce Springsteen, Mariah Carey, Stev

31、e Wonder, Paul Simon and the rock band U2. They appeared on stages in New York, Los Angeles and London, decorated with hundreds of burning candles. Singer Billy Joel sang “ New York State of Mind” with a New York City firefighters hat on his piano. Sting dedicated his song “ Gragile” to a friend who

32、 died in the World Trade Center. Stevie Wonder condemned hatred in the name of religion before singing his song “ Loves in Need of Love today”. Pledge phones were manned by dozens of other celebrities, including Jack Nicholson, Meg Ryan, Whoopic Goldberg, Cindy Crawford, Al Pacino and Sylvester Stal

33、lone. Organizers say the two-hour telethon raised millions of dollars. All participants, from stars to stagehands, worked without pay.49. Those who appeared on stages were _. A. some best-known names in the USA B. some famous singer, film stars and other music entertainers C. People who tried to sav

34、e others from the burning World trade Center and the Pentagon. D. Former heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali and Hollywood stars50. The underlined word “ telethon” most probably means _. A. a performance to raise money B. a concert held by some television networks C. a television program which lasts a

35、 long time D. a television program for entertainment51. Which of the following statements is true? A. Four major U.S. television networks broadcast the benefit B. The former heavy weight champion Muhammad Ali sang a song to show his support C. Billy Joel, wearing a firefighters hat, played the piano

36、 for the listeners and viewersD. The organizers, stars and people who worked for the benefit didnt get any money for themselves.52. The best title for the news report is _.A.U.S Telethon Raises Money for Attack VictimsB. Best-known names Pledge Donations C. Seeking More Support D. More People JoinDW

37、ith only about 1, 000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species. Thats a move similar to what a Texas A & M University researchers have been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noahs Ark”. Noahs Ark is aimed at coll

38、ecting eggs, embryos(胚胎), semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A & Ms College of Veterinary Medicine, says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the speci

39、es in the future. It is estimated that as many as 2, 000 species of mammals, birds, reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years. This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from

40、 a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal. The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete. “The nuclear transfer of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available(capable of be

41、ing used) panda eggs could be a major problem,” Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy (having a baby). It takes a long time and its difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live

42、 pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort,” adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Project at Texas A & M, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog. “They are trying to do something thats never been done, and this is very similar to our work in Noahs Ark. Were both trying to save animals tha

43、t face extinction. I certainly appreciate their effort and theres a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. Its a research that is very much needed.” 53. The aim of “Noahs Ark” project is to _.A. make efforts to clone the endangered pandas B. save endangered animals from dying outC. co

44、llect DNA of endangered animals to study D. transfer the nuclear of one animal to another54. According to Professor Kraemer, the major problem in cloning pandas would be the lack of _.A. available panda eggs B. host animals C. qualified researchersD. enough money55. The best title for the passage ma

45、y be _.A. Chinas Success in Pandas Cloning B. The First Cloned Panda in the WorldC. Exploring the Possibility to Clone Pandas D. China the Native Place of Pandas Forever56. From the passage we know that _.A. Kraemer and his team have succeeded in cloning a dogB. scientists try to implant a pandas eg

46、g into a rabbitC. Kraemer will work with Chinese scientists in clone researchesD. about two thousand of species will probably die out in a centuryEFar from the land of Antarctica (南极洲), a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean. At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod.For

47、 forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would freeze to death? It must have some secret. The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slow. Now it seems we have an answer. Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and

48、 catching the fish. Scientists studied the fishs blood and measured its freezing point. The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of -1.88C and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it. The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to -2.05C. That small

49、 difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture.The scientists next research job was clear: Find out what in the fishs blood kept it from freezing. Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein (蛋白质) never before seen in the blood o

50、f a fish. When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature. When it was put back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point.Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules held in special positions within each big protei

51、n molecule. Because of its sugar content, it is called a glycoprotein. So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein, or AFGP.57. What is the text mainly about?A. The terrible conditions in the Antarctic. B. A special fish living in freezing waters.C. The ice shelf around Antarctica.

52、D. Protection of the Antarctic cod.58. Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature?A. The seawater has a temperature of -1.88C. B. it loves to live in the ice-salt mixtureC. A special protein keeps it from freezing. D. Its blood has a temperature lower than -2.05C.59. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?A. A type of ice-salt mixture. B. A newly found prot