高考英语语法填空专题(课堂PPT)

1、高考专题 语法填空 2017 年9月2考情精分析v近3年全国卷七套试题的语法填空部分充分体现了“实词考查为主，虚词考查为辅”的命题原则。命题形式分为有提示词和无提示词两种。v1有提示词v有提示词的语法填空考查了动词的时态、语态、主谓一致；非谓语动词；形容词和副词的比较等级；名词的数与格；代词的格；特殊句式以及词性转换。3v2无提示词v无提示词的语法填空考查了冠词、介词、代词、并列连词、从句引导词、助动词以及语境填词。4有提示词（主要提供实词）v1括号内提供的是动词5难点重点:分析句子结构v1 Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in t

2、he New Territories, _ (destroy) fourteen homes. v2 “I _ (eat) with my wife and children,” he said, “when we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best _ (climb) out but then I saw that one of my children was _(miss).3 _ (Build) in 1885, it was the old

3、est car taking part.destroyingwas eatingto climbmissingBuilt62括号内提供的是形容词或副词v1 One person was killed, several were _(serious) hurt and taken to hospital, v2 that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is _ (clean) than ever.v3 The _ (hard) you work,the _ (luck) you will be .seriouslycleane

4、rharderluckier73括号内提供的是名词1 .for most of us the _ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, 2 Just be _ (patience) 3 The _ (excite) in his voice made my day! 4 ,Messi was one of the best _(play) through his teen years.5 Much to their _ (disappoint).changespatientexcitementplayersdisa

5、ppointment8无提示词(必须填虚词）v纯空格语法填空题主要是填冠词、介词、代词、连接词(含从属连词和并列连词)等虚词。根据句子中所填词语的位置，判断所填词语的词性。在使用介词的时候，往往考查固定搭配，其中包括动词、形容词等与介词的搭配。91填介词v名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一定是填介词。介词可位于名词之前，如at night, on Sunday 等；也可位于形容词之后，如be interested in, be good at 等；还可位于不及物动词之后，如listen to, arrive at, look for 等。v1 Messi started p

6、laying soccer _ the age of 5 for a small soccer team .v2 he had a sickness which would prevent him_growing much taller.v3 I got a place next _ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk.atfromto102填连词v若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，或者两个单词以及短语中间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。v连词有两类，一种是并列连词，一种是从属连词。我们

7、可以根据句子的类型判断所要填的词类。主要有以下几种句型：11(1)并列句：并列句一般由“简单句并列连词简单句”构成，有时并列连词前有逗号，可以根据上下句的内在联系判断连词，如同等关系(and)、转折关系(but)、选择关系(or)、因果关系(so)v1 There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _ some of them looked very anxious and disappointed .v2 here was a way to help him grow more, _his parents did not have enoug

8、h money to pay for his medical needs.andbut12(2)状语从句：当确定为状语从句后，就要通过语境理解，判断上下文的逻辑关系是时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、目的或其他，最后确定从属连词。v1 _ Ive a bit of headache, its nothing much.v2 Over time, the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. v3 When I get home from work, I

9、turn on my computer, wait _it boots up completely. Although/Thoughas/whenuntil13(3)名词性从句v当确定为名词性从句后，可以分析从句是否缺主语、宾语或表语，如果缺以上成分，一般情况下要使用what，有时可能使用who/whom或which；如果不缺以上成分，则考虑句子意思是否完整，完整的句子可以使用that，意思不完整的则考虑if/whether, where, why, how, because等。v1 I was in the train sitting opposite a middleaged couple

10、. They were ordinary in every respect, but _ they did touch me deeply.what14(4)定语从句v当确定为定语从句后，首先要看看先行词指人、物、时间、地点，还是其他，然后判断引导词在从句中的成分，再根据定语从句的有关规则确定使用哪个引导词。v1 Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit _ is driving your family crazy.v2 the great Chinese scholar Confucius, _

11、 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the _ (develop) of chopstickswhich / thatwhodevelopment153填冠词v名词前面若没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词等)，很可能是填限定词。v1 .this river is one of _ most outstanding examples of environmental clean up.v2 while one is being bottlefed, _ other is with mumshe never suspects.v

12、3 Using the Internet can be fun and _ convenient way of shopping and finding out new information, thethea164根据固定搭配、典型句型确定动词、名词、介词等v固定搭配的短语及习惯用法是属于比较简单的考点，只要平时注意积累基本上就能答对。1 He wanted to show his son how the poor lived so he could be thankful _ his wealth.2 Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.

13、In India, for example, most people traditionally eat _ their hands.forwith1 The race gave a great deal of _ (please).2 It was his ninth year of school and his academic career seemed to be in ruins, so I was full of _ (angry).3 and viruses, so Im very careful not to give out my _ (person) information

14、.4 With this the boy got up and walked away, leaving his father sitting on their comfortable sofa, totally _ (speech).pleasureangerpersonalspeechless18考考查查内内容容词法词法句法句法合合计计非非谓谓语语动动词词动动词词时时态态冠冠词词代代词词形形容容词词副副词词介介词词名名词词性性从从句句定定语语从从句句题题数数1 11 11 11 12 22 21 11 1101019题目的形式是语篇考查重点是语法题目的定位是基础（上下文的语境）（上下文的语

15、境）（对于语法基础知（对于语法基础知识的灵活运用）识的灵活运用）20冠词冠词词性转换词性转换前缀和后缀前缀和后缀名词性从句、名词性从句、 定语从句、状语从句定语从句、状语从句及强调句等特殊句型及强调句等特殊句型（a/ an /the）代词代词人称代词、人称代词、 物主代词、反身代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词及指示代词、不定代词及it转折、并列、递进转折、并列、递进 引导词引导词考考 点点范范 围围动词动词1.谓语（时态谓语（时态,语态语态,主谓一致）主谓一致）2.非谓语动词非谓语动词并列连词并列连词/副词副词（变形变态）（变形变态）（上下文的逻辑关系）（上下文的逻辑关系）不定冠词和定冠词不定冠词和定冠词（变义变性）（变义变性