高考复习非谓语动词(课堂PPT)

1、1非谓语动词21.谓语动词：谓语动词：概述：概述：2. 非谓语动词：非谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词在句子中担任谓语的动词 是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分作除谓语外的所有成分3He told me (that) the teacher would be back soon. (宾语从句）I appreciate the students who finish the homework on time everyday. （定语从句）4非谓语动词现在分词现在分词 V-ing过去分词过去分词Vp.p动词不定式动词不定式to do表主动、动作正在进行表

2、被动、动作已经完成表目的、动作发生在将来5非谓语动词在高考中主要体现在语法填空和短文改错的中，答题时按照以下步骤：一看二找三分析1. 看主句中是否有谓语，分两步思考2. 找出该动词的逻辑主语，如无，则默认主句主语3. 分析逻辑主语与动词关系无谓语，考虑时态、人称数、语态有谓语，排除并列句 或复合句省略主语情况，考虑非谓语温馨提示：非谓语的考察中大部分考察固定句型和固定搭配61. I cant stand _ (work)with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _(stop) talking while she works. 2. He go

3、t well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk _(lose) the good opportunity.3. I like _ very much, but I dont like _ this afternoon.(swim）workingto stoplosingswimmingto swim71. _ (learn) a language requires time and effort.2. It is not always easy _(refuse) invitations.3. How _(solve) th

4、e problem will be discussed at tomorrows meeting.4. It _(take) forty-five minutes _ (get) there by bus.5. I need this chapter _(write) before tomorrow. 6.When she returned home, she found the window open and something _(steal).Learningto refuseto solvetakesto getwrittenstolen89 非谓语动词考点：非谓语动词考点：1.不定式

5、或V-ing 做主语时，一般用it当形式主语，并构成固定句型。It is not very good for you to smoke so much. Its nice seeing you again. It is/was +adj + for/of sb + to do sth2.2.下列句型中常用动名词作主语下列句型中常用动名词作主语: : no use / good not any use / good It is /was of little use /good + doing sth useless worth10 3.不定式和V-ing 作宾语时常考固定搭配也考形式宾语 1）下

6、列动词后常跟不定式做宾语：）下列动词后常跟不定式做宾语： want, wish, hope, expect, ask, afford, agree, choose, pretend, decide, happen, learn, offer, refuse, fail, plan, prepare, order, manage, promise, intend等。等。e.g. He agreed to get someone to help us. They promised not to break the school rules again. decide to do sth. 决定做某

7、事决定做某事 want would like to do sth. 想做某事想做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某计划做某 need to do sth. 需要做某事需要做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事同意做某事 11afford to do 能做某事能做某事be used to do 被用来做被用来做cant wait to do 迫不及待地要做某事迫不及待地要做某事make up ones mind to do 下决心做某事下决心做某事used to do 过去常常做某事过去常常做某事fail to do 未能做某事未能做某事122）it 作形式宾语而非谓语

8、动词为真正宾语think/find/feel/consider/make/regard+it+形容词/名词+不定式短语Theyfeltitdifficulttofinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.TomdidntfinditdifficulttowritelettersinChinese.Allthesenoisesmadeitimpossibleformetogoonwiththework.也可以使用V-ing作真正宾语Theprofessorconsidersitnogoodreadingwithoutunderstanding.Idontthinkitworthw

9、hilegoingtosuchaplace.Hefoundituseless(nouse)arguingwithhim.133）在下列动词或动词短语后常用动名词做宾语：）在下列动词或动词短语后常用动名词做宾语： admit, advise, allow, avoid, bear, cannot help, consider, delay, enjoy, finish, give up, imagine. include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, permit, practice, resist, risk, suggest, stand, ins

10、ist on, be busy, be worth, feel like, cant stand, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent(from), keepfrom, stop(from), protectfrom, be engaged in, spend(in), succeed in, admit to, be/ get/ become used to, be equal to, devoteto, get down to, look forward to, object to, stick to, take to, see to, lead

11、 to, pay attention to等。等。 14例：例：He enjoys going to the playground. I have finished cleaning the house.enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 spend.doing sth. 花费做某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做 imagine sb. doing sth. 想象做某事 cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事 feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 finish doing sth. 完成做某事 practice doing sth. 练

12、习做某事15miss doing sth. 错过做某事错过做某事 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事建议做某事 keep (on) doing sth. 保持（继续）做某事保持（继续）做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事介意做某事 be worth doing sth. 值得做某事值得做某事 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事考虑做某事163）介词+ V-ing常考介词: at, in, on ，of, off, for, from，up, about, without ， to 等等 be good at doing sth 擅长做某事擅长做某事

13、be interested in doing sth. 对做某事感兴趣对做某事感兴趣 insist on doing 坚持做某事坚持做某事 be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事被用来做某事 thank sb. for doing sth. 谢谢某人做某事谢谢某人做某事 be tired of doing sth. 厌烦做某事厌烦做某事 be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事害怕做某事 17put off doing 推迟做某事推迟做某事stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事give up doing sth. 放

14、弃做某事放弃做某事without doing sth. 没有做某事没有做某事think about doing sth. 考虑做某事考虑做某事What How about doing 做某事怎么样做某事怎么样18 此此to 非非 彼彼to look forward to doing sth. （盼望）（盼望） pay attention to doing sth. （注意）（注意） be used to doing sth. （习惯于）（习惯于） prefer doing sth to doing sth.（更喜欢）（更喜欢） devote to doing sth （致力于）（致力于） ma

15、ke a contribution to doing （做贡献）（做贡献）19温馨提示：一般而言，介词后用V-ing ，但在介词but / except /besides (除.之外）后常用to do 不定式作宾语。即He has no choice but to accept the suggestion.但如果与but 构成“只好。”的短语时，其后接不带to 的不定式，有can not help but do sth ;can not choose but do sth 20特殊词精讲特殊词精讲21eg: 他们停下来吸烟。他们停下来吸烟。 They stop to smoke. 我必须戒烟

16、了我必须戒烟了 I must stop smoking.办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作没有做关灯的动作The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已做过关灯的动作）他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已做过关灯的动作） He forgot turning the light off. 224. 现在分词和过去分词作表语具有形容词特征,也可以 作为形容词。但要注意二者的区别 e.g. The party was very exciting. They

17、were very excited at the news凡表示凡表示“令人令人的的”都是都是-ing形式，凡形式，凡是表示是表示“感到感到 ”都用都用-ed形式。换句话说，若形式。换句话说，若人人对对感兴趣，就是感兴趣，就是somebody is interested in.，若人若人/ /物本身有趣时，就是物本身有趣时，就是sb./sth. is interesting。23delighting令人高兴的 delighted感到高兴的disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 感到 失望的encouraging 令人鼓舞的 encouraged 感到鼓 舞的pleas

18、ing 令人愉快的 pleased 感到愉快的puzzling 令人费解的 puzzled 感到费解的satisfying 令人满意的 satisfied 感到满意的surprising 令人惊异的 surprised 感到惊异的worrying 令人担心的 worried 感到担心的245. 非谓语动词作定语1） 不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词后，表示未发生的动作或将要发生的某一动作。 e.g. The train to arrive is from London He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 2） 动名词做定语往往

19、说明所修饰词的某种用途，一般放在被修饰词的前面。 e.g. a washing machine （= a machine which is used for washing） 洗衣机 a reading room（= a room which is used for reading） 阅览室常见有 a running machine a waiting room a swimming pool a walking stick 256.6.非谓语动词还有不同的形式非谓语动词还有不同的形式动词不动词不定式定式过去过去分词分词to be doneto have been done being don

20、e having been done及物动词的过去分词既表示及物动词的过去分词既表示被动又表示动作已完成被动又表示动作已完成, , 个个别动词的过去分词只表示完别动词的过去分词只表示完成成( (多数为不及物动词多数为不及物动词) )主动形式主动形式被动形式被动形式to doto have donedoinghaving done不定式除一般式、完成式以外还有不定式除一般式、完成式以外还有_进行式进行式 to be doingdone- ing - ing 分词分词26 弄清非谓语动词表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动弄清非谓语动词表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作之间的先后关系是解题的关键所在作之间的先

21、后关系是解题的关键所在在谓语表示的动作之后在谓语表示的动作之后与谓语表示的动作同时与谓语表示的动作同时发生发生在谓语表示的动作之前在谓语表示的动作之前to do/to be done to do/to be done /to be doing ; doing/being done ; done; to have done/to have been done ; having done/having been done27练习：练习：1.The question _ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday is of quite importance.2.The q

22、uestion _ (discuss) at the meeting now is of quite importance.3. The question _ (discuss) at the meeting tomorrow is of quite importance.4. (finish) his speech, he answered our questions. discussedbeing discussedto be discussedHaving finished287. 非谓语动词作状语考点（时间、原因、结果、伴随、方式、目的、条件及评论性状语）1）不定式表结果，常用在too

23、 to, enough to结构中。 有时不定式前加上only，表示出人意料的结果。 e.g. The child is old enough to dress himself. We hurried to the station only to be told that the train had left. I went to see him only to find him out. 2）分析以下状语类型1.Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy.2. Living far from the school, I have to get up e

24、arly in the morning. Asked about his address, the boy didnt respond. 293.The fire lasted a whole night, causing great damage. 4. Following Tom, we started to climb. 5. She came riding a brand-new bike. 6. Jane kept silent, trying not to show her feelings. 7. The pop star hurried up to the car, follo

25、wed by her fans.3）评论性状语，有些惯用的分词短语在句中可以独立存在，用来修饰全句，表明说话者的态度、观点等。 常见的有： generally speaking一般说来 strictly speaking 严格说来 roughly speaking 大致说来 judging from/ by 由判断 frankly speaking 坦白地说to tell you the truth 说实话 to be honest 老实说 e.g. Judging from her accent, she must come from Australia. 301 .When _(heat)

26、 water will be changed into vapour. While _ (heat) water, we can change it into vapour. 2 . _(see) from the hill, the city looks beautiful. _ (see) from the hill, you will find the city beautiful. 3 .Generally speaking, when _(take) according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. If _(take

27、) the drug according to the directions, you will be better soon. heatedheatingSeenSeeingtakentaking318. 非谓语动词作宾语补足语常考固定搭配1）以下动词后常跟带符号to的不定式做宾语补足语： ask, tell, want, wish, order, persuade, advise, allow, warn, encourage, cause, require等。ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事want sb. to

28、do sth. 想要某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 32promise sb. to do 答应某人做某事答应某人做某事 warn sb. not to do sth. 告诫某人做某事告诫某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事允许某人做某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事提醒某人做某事 help sb. (to)

29、do sth. 帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事had better （not）do sth. 最好最好(不不)做做why not /why dont you do sth 为什么不做为什么不做? help sb.（to）do sth Would rather宁愿做宁愿做 would you please332）区分意义 see sb. doing/ do sth.hear sb. doing/ do sth.watch sb. doing/ do sth.notice sb. doing/ do sth.总结：感官动词总结：感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice, he

30、ar, listen to, feel+ do表示动作的完整性，表示动作的完整性，+doing 表示动作的进行性。表示动作的进行性。注意：注意：+ do 时若被动语态中则不能省去时若被动语态中则不能省去to。The worker was seen to repair the machine.341. My parents have always made me _(feel) good about myself, even when I was twelve. (江苏)2. They knew her very well. They had seen her _ (grow) up from

31、childhood. (全国)3. The mother felt herself _ (grow) cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield. (上海)4. Paul doesnt have to be made _ (learn). He always works hard. (全国)feelgrowgrowto learn35The end363738394041424344454647484950515253545533. Come on, please give me some id

32、eas about the project. Sorry. With so much work _ (fill) my mind, I almost break down. (福建福建)34. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _ (finish), he gladly accepted it. (安徽安徽)35. With a lot of difficult problems _ (settle), the newly-elected president is having a hard time. (上海上海

33、)36. The director had her assistant _(pick) up some hot dogs for the meeting. (全国全国)filling finished to settle pick 5637. Did Peter fix the computer himself? He had it _(fix), because he doesnt know much about computers. (安安徽徽)38. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her writte

34、n English _ (improve) in a short period. (福建福建)39. Helen had to shout to make herself _ (hear) above the sound of the music. (广西广西)40. Peter received a letter just now _(say) his grandma would come to see him soon. (四川四川)fixed improved heard saying 5741. As the light turned green, I stood for a mome

35、nt, not _ (move), and asked myself what I was going to do. (湖南湖南)42. _(walk) in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. (安徽安徽)43. _ (wait) in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. (福建福建)44. _ (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (福建福建)moving Walking Having waited Blamed 5845. He