上海高考英语中易混淆的词汇素材

1、学习必备欢迎下载2011 上海高考英语中易混淆的词汇1. clothes, cloth, cloth ingclothes 统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数；cloth 指布，为不可数名词；clothi ng服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, anarticle of2. in cide nt, accide ntin cide nt指小事件；accide nt 指不幸的事故，例：He was killed in theaccide nt.3. amount, nu mberamount 后接不可数名词；number 后接可数名词，例：a number of students学习必

2、备欢迎下载4. family, house, home学习必备欢迎下载7. vocabulary, wordhome 家，包括住处和家人；house 房子，住宅；family家庭成员，例： My family is a happy one.5. sound, voice, no isesou nd 自然界各种各样的声音；voice 人的嗓音；noise 噪音，例：I hate the loud noise outside.6. photo, picture, draw ingphoto 用照相机拍摄的照片；picture可指相片，图片，电影片，例：Lets go andsee a good p

3、icture.draw ing 画的画。学习必备欢迎下载exercise 运动，锻炼（不可数）vocabulary 词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，例：He has alarge vocabulary.word 具体的单词。8. populati on, peoplepopulation人口，人数，例：China has a largepopulati on.people 具体的人。9. weather, climateweather 一天内具体的天气状况；climate 长期的气候状况，例：The climate here is notgood for you.10. road, street,

4、path, wayroad 具体的公路，马路，例： take this roadstreet 街道，例：in the streetpath 小路，小径;学习必备欢迎下载way 道路，途径，例： Show me the way to the museum.11. course, subjectcourse 课程（可包括多门科目），例：a summer coursesubject 科目（具体的学科）12. custom, habitcustom 传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do;habit 生活习惯， 习惯成自然， 后接 of doing.例： Ive got the habitof

5、 drinking a lot.13. cause, reas oncause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接ofsth./d oing sth ；reas on 用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接forsth./doing sth. 例: the reason for being late14. exercise, exercises, practice学习必备欢迎下载exercise 运动，锻炼（不可数）exercises 练习（可数）； practice （反复做的）练习，例：Practice makes perfect.15. class, less on作“课”解时，两者可以替

6、换。指课文用 less on，例：Lesson 6，第 6 课；指班级或全体学生用class，例：Class 5 ，5 班。16. speech, talk, lecturespeech 指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说；talk 日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话；lecture学术性的演讲， 讲课，例：a series of lectureon17. officer, officialofficer 部队的军官，例： an army officerofficial 政府官员。学习必备欢迎下载21. cook, cooker18. work, job二者均指工作。work 不可数；job

7、可数，例：a good job19. couple, paircouple 主要指人或动物；pair 多指由两部分组成的东西，例：a pair of trousers20. coun try, n atio n, state, la ndcountry 侧重指版图，疆域；n ation 指人民，国民，民族；state 侧重指政府，政体；land 国土，国家，例：The whole nation was sad at then ews.cook 厨师，例： He is a good cook.学习必备欢迎下载25. man, a mancooker 厨具。22. damage, damagesd

8、amage 不可数名词，损害，损失；damages 复数形式，赔偿金，例：$900 damages23. police, policema npolice 警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，例：The police arequestio ning every one in the house.policeman 指某个具体的警察。24. problem, questi onproblem 常和困难连系，前面的动词常为th ink about,solve, raise ；question 常和疑问连系，多和 ask, an swer 连用。学习必备欢迎下载29. sport, gameman 人类；

9、a man 个男人，例：Man will conq uer n ature.26. chick, chicke n二者均可指小鸡，chicken 还可以当鸡肉；例：The chicken isdelicious.27. telegram, telegraph当电报解时，telegram 指具体的；例： a telegramtelegraph 指抽象的；例： by telegraph28. trip, jo urn ey, travel, voyagetravel 是最常用的；trip 指短期的旅途；例： a three-day tripjourney 指稍长的旅途；voyage 指海上航行。学

10、习必备欢迎下载sport 多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等； 例:His favorite sport is swimmi ng.game 指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则。30. price, prizeprice 价格； 例： The price is high/low.prize 奖，奖品，奖金；例： win the first prize31. a nu mber of, the nu mber ofa number of 许多，谓语动词用复数；the number of .的数目，谓语动词用单数。例：The nu mber of stude nts is in c

11、reas ing.32. in front of, i n the front ofin front of范围外的前面；in the front of 范围内的前面 例：In the front of the room sits aboy.学习必备欢迎下载for the mome nt 暂时，一时。33. of the day, of a dayof the day每一天的，当时的，当代的，例： a famousscie ntist of the day ;of a day暂时的，不长久的。34. three of us, the three of usthree of us 我们（不止三个）

12、中的三个；the three of us我们三个（就三个人）例： The threeof us - Tom, Jack and I went to the cin ema.35. by bus, on the busby bus 表手段，方式，不用冠词，例：They went thereby bus.on the bus 表范围。36. for a moment, for the momentfor a moment 片刻，一会儿，例: Thinking for a moment, heagreed.学习必备欢迎下载37. n ext year, the n ext yearn ext yea

13、r 将来时间状语；the next year 过去将来时间状语，例：He said he wouldgo abroad the n ext year.38. more tha n a year, more tha n one yearmore tha n a year 一年多；more tha n one year超过一年(两年或三年等)。39. take advice, take the( on es) advicetake advice征求意见；take the advice 接受忠告 例：He refused to take the advice andfailed aga in.40.

14、 take air, take the airtake air 传播，走漏；take the air 到户外去，散步 例：Wetake the air every day.学习必备欢迎下载41. i n a word, i n wordsin a word 总之，一句话，例：In a word, you are right.in words 口头上。42. in place of, i n the place ofin place of 代替；in the place of 在地方，例: A new building is built in the placeof the old one.43

15、. in secret, i n the secretin secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语；in the secret知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语，例: My mother was in the secret from the beginning.44. a girl, one girla girl可泛指所有女孩；one girl一个女孩，例：Can one girl carry such a big学习必备欢迎下载box?45. take a chair, take the chairtake a chair 相当于 sit down 坐下;take the chair

16、开始开会。46. go to sea, by seago to sea 当海员，出航；by sea 乘船，由海路；by the sea在海边。47. the doctor andteacher,the doctor and theteacherthe doctor and teacher指一个人, 既是医生又是老师；the doctor and the teacher两个人，一个医生 口一个老师。48. in office, in the officein office 在职的，例： He is in office, n ot out of office.学习必备欢迎下载in the offi

17、ce 在办公室里。49. in bed, on the bedin bed 卧在床上，例： He is ill in bed.on the bed 在床上，例： The book is on the bed.50. in charge of, i n the charge ofin charge of 管理，负责照料，例：He is in charge ofthe matter.in the charge of 由.照料，例： The matter is inthe charge of her.2011 上海高考英语中易混淆的词汇（2）51. in class, in the classin

18、class在课上；in the class 在班级里，例：He is the best student in theclass.学习必备欢迎下载52. on fire, on the fireon fire 着火，例： The house is on fire.on the fire在火上，例：Put the food on the fire.53. out of questi on, out of the questi onout of questi on毫无疑问的；out of the questi on不可能的。54. a sec ond, the sec onda second 又一，

19、再一；the second 第.，例： He won the second prize.55. by day, by the dayby day 白天；by the day 按天计算，例： The workers are paidby the day.56. the people, a people学习必备欢迎下载the people 指人；a people 指 民族，例： The Chinese is a peace-lovi ngpeople.57. it, oneit 同一物体；one 同类不同一，例： I lost mypen. I have to buy a newone.58. t

20、hat, thisthat 指代上文所提到的；例： I was ill. Thatswhythis 导出下文所要说的。59. none, nothing, no onenone 强调有多少； nothing, no one 强调有没有；nothing指物，no one指人。学习必备欢迎下载ano ther 后接名词单数，例：ano ther stude nt60. anyone,any oneanyone 指人，不能接 of;anyone 指人物均可，可接 of 例：anyone of you61. who, whatwho 指姓名或关系；what 指职业或地位，例：What is your

21、dad? He isa teacher.62. what, whichwhat 的选择基础是无限制的；which 在一定范围内进行选择，例：Which do youprefer, bananas or apples?63. other, ano therother 后接名词复数，例：other students学习必备欢迎下载64. not a little, not a bitnot a little 非常；not a bit 一点也不，例：rm not a bit tired. 我 一点儿也不累。65. many, much, a lot ofma ny 和可数名词连用，例：I have

22、nt many books.much 和不可数名词连用；a lot of可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句。66. much more than, many more thanmuch morethan 后接形容词或不可数名词，例：much more water, much more beautifulmany morethan 后接可数名词，例：many morepeople67. no, not no=not a/any学习必备欢迎下载例：no friend=not a/any friend; no water =not any68. no more tha n, not more tha

23、nno more than 相当于 only，仅仅，只有；not more tha n至多，不超过。69. majority, mostmajority只能修饰可数名词，例：the majority ofmost 可数不可数均可。70. by on eself, for on eself, to on eself, ofby on eself 单独的，独自的；for on eself为自己；waterpeopleon eself学习必备欢迎下载to on eself 供自己用的；学习必备欢迎下载of on eself自行的，自动的，例： The door ope nedof itself.71

24、. at all, after allat all 根本，全然；after all 到底，毕竟，例：After all he is a child.72. tall, hightall常指人或动物，例：He is tall.high 常指物体。73. fast, quicklyfast 侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，例: run fastquickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快，例：an swerthe questi on quickly74. high, highly high 具体的高;学习必备欢迎下载highly抽象的高，高度的，例： thi nk highly of75. hea

25、lthy, healthfulhealthy 健康的，健壮的；healthful有益于健康的， 例：healthful exercise76. sleep ing, asleep,sleepysleep ing 正在睡觉，例：a sleep ing babyasleep.asleep 睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，例:The baby is学习必备欢迎下载sleepy 困的，有睡意的，例：rm sleepy.77. gold, golde ngold 指真金制品，例：a gold ringgolden 指金色的，但金鱼用gold fish78. most, mostly学习必备欢迎下载分，大多数解时

26、是形容词或名词，例：most peoplemostly 79. just, very just 表强调时是副词，作状语，例： just themanvery 表强调时是形容词，用作定语，例：the veryman80. wide, broad wide 侧重于一边到另一边的距离；broad 侧重于幅面的宽广，例：broad shoulders81. real, truereal 真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象 的，例：real goldtrue 真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合, 例: atrue story82. respectful, respectablerespect

27、ful 尊敬，有礼貌，例： be respectful to the agedmost 用于表感受的肯定句中,相当于 very ,当大部mostly 大部分，是副词,例: the people are学习必备欢迎下载respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的。83. outwards, outward二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面；outward 还可用作形容词，例：an outward voyage84. pleasa nt, pleased, pleas ingpleasa nt 常用作定语；pleased, pleas ing常用作表语；pleased 主语常为人，pleasi ng主语

28、常为物，例：a pleasant trip; The trip is pleasing.85. un dersta nding, un dersta ndableun dersta nding明白事理的，能体谅的，例:un dersta nding girlunderstandable可理 解的，能 够懂 的，例：anun dersta ndable mistakean学习必备欢迎下载86. close, closelyclose 接近，靠近，例：stand closeclosely 紧紧地，紧密地，例： closely conn ected87. ill, sickill做表语；sick 定

29、语、表语均可，例：a sick boy88. good, wellgood 形容词；well 副词，但指身体状况是形容词，例：He is wellaga in.89. quiet, silent, still quiet 安静的，可以发出小的声音;学习必备欢迎下载sile nt 不发出声音，但可以动；still完全不动，完全无声响，例：He stand therestill.他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。90. hard, hardlyhard 努力，例： work hardhardly 几乎不，例：lean hardly believe it.91. able, capableable 与

30、不定式 to do 连用；capable 与 of 连用，例： He is capable of doing 92. almost, n early二者均为几乎，差不多”，和否定词连用用 almost , 例:almost nobody。93. late, lately late 迟，晚;学习必备欢迎下载lately 最近，近来 例：I have nt see n him lately.94. liv ing, alive, live, livelylivi ng, alive, live均为活着的；livi ng定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置；live只能做定语，lively 意为活

31、泼的，例：all thelivi ng people=all the people alive95. excited, excit ingexcited 使人兴奋的，例：Im excited.exciting 令人兴奋的，例： The news is exciting.96. deep, deeplydeep 具体的深，例：dig deepdeeply 抽象的深，深深地，例： deeply moved97. aloud, loud学习必备欢迎下载aloud 出声地，例：read aloud出声地读loud 大声地98. worth, worthy二者均为值得，worth 后接 doing ;w

32、orthy 后接 to be done, of being done ；例: It is worth visiting. = Its worthy to beIts worthy of being visited.99. bad, badlybad 形容词，例：go badbadly 副词，不好，但与need, want, require，非常”，例:I need the book badly.100. before Ion g, l ong beforebefore long不久以后；long before很久以前；例: not long before = before longvisite

33、d.用为学习必备欢迎下载2011 上海高考英语中易混淆的词汇（3）101. quite, ratherquite 完全地，相当于 completely ，例：quite impossiblerather 修饰比较级102. happy, gladhappy 高兴，幸福，定表均可，例：a happy girlglad 高兴，只能做表语103. in stead, in stead ofin stead 是副词，放在句首或句末，例：He did ntsee a film. Instead he watched TV.in stead of 是介词短语，放在句中，例：He watchedTV in

34、stead of see ing a film.学习必备欢迎下载104. too much, much tootoo much 后接不可数名词；much too 后接形容词，例：much too heavy105. be about to, be going to, be to dobe about to表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语；be going to侧重打算，想法；be to do 侧重意志，计划，安排例：rm to meethim.（含双方事先约好的意思）106. raise, riseraise 及物动词；rise 不及物动词，例： The sun rises in the eas

35、t.107. bring, take, carry, fetch bring 拿来;学习必备欢迎下载take 带走；carry 随身携带；fetch 去回这一往返动作， 例：fetch a box of chalk108. spe nd, take, pay, costspend 人做主语，花钱，花时间，spendon sth./indoing sth;take 物做主语，花时间；pay 人做主语，花钱，pay for ;cost 物做主语，花钱。109. joi n, joi n in, take part injoin 加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员，例：Hejoined the army

36、 five years ago.join in参加小型的活动，join sb. in ;take part in参加大型的活动。110. learn, study学习必备欢迎下载lear n 学习，侧重学习的结果；study 学习，侧重学习的过程，研究，例：study the111. want, hope, wishwant 打算，想要， want to do, want sb. to do ;hope 希望（通常可以实现），hope to do/ hopewish 希望（通常不能实现），wish （sb.） to do, wish n. ，例：I wish you success.112. discover, invent, find outdiscover 发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西；invent 发明本