英语高中总知识点

1、Unit 1:1. put forward: 提出（计划、建议等）；将提前；把钟表拨快e.g. He put forward a good plan for this project. 他为这项工程提出了一个好的方案。The match has been put forward to 1:30. 比赛已经提前到一点半举行。 Put the clock forward by ten minutes. 把钟表拨快十分钟。【词语联想】 put away: 收起来；贮存，储蓄 put down: 放下；写下，记下 put off: 推迟；延期 put on: 穿上；增加；上演（戏剧）e.g. put

2、on weight: 增加了体重 put on a new play: 上演新戏剧 put up: 张贴；撑开（帐篷）e.g. put up a poster put up a tent: 搭起帐篷2. conclude: v. 作结论作结论作结论作结论，断定断定断定断定（conclusion: n. 结论结论结论结论）e.g. The jury concluded that he was guilty. 陪审团认定他有罪。【习惯用语】 draw a conclusion 作出结论3. defeat vt.打败打败打败打败, 击败击败击败击败, 战胜战胜战胜战胜； 使使使使(希望希望希望希望,

3、 计划等计划等计划等计划等)失败失败失败失败, 挫败挫败挫败挫败; 阻挠阻挠阻挠阻挠, 使无效使无效使无效使无效e.g. He finally conceded defeat. 他最终承认了失败。 区别区别区别区别: defeat, conquer, overcome defeat 指“赢得胜利”, 尤其指“军事上的胜利”,e.g. defeat the enemy 打败敌人。 conquer指“征服”、”战胜”,特别指“获得对人、物或感情的控制”,e.g. conquer nature overcome指“战胜”、“压倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”而言, e.g. overcome diffic

4、ulties 4. attend: v.1) to be present at; go to (meeting, conference, lecture.) 出席；参加 e.g. He decided to attend the meeting himself. 他决定亲自赴会。2) to look after, care for, serve 照顾；看护。e.g. Which doctor is attending to (on) you? 哪位医生护理你？3）to go with 伴随e.g. The work was attended with much difficulty. 这项工作

5、带来许多困难。5. expose.to.e.g. Dont expose your skin to the sun for too long.They had to be exposed to the enemys gunfire. 6. blame sb. for sth. 因为某事责备某人e.g. He blamed the boy for his mistake. be to blame: 应受责备应受责备应受责备应受责备，应负责任应负责任应负责任应负责任Who is to blame for the mistake？这个错误应归咎于谁？7. in addition: 除此之外除此之外除

6、此之外除此之外，另外另外另外另外, 意思相当于意思相当于意思相当于意思相当于 besides, whats moree.g. I paid 100 Yuan in addition. In addition to English, he has to study a second language. 区别区别区别区别: in addition to, except, besides,beside in addition to：除之外，还有，表示递进关系。e.g. The company provided the workers with free lunch in addition to pa

7、id holidays. 这家公司为员工们提供带薪假期，还有免费午餐。 except: 除之外，表示在整体中排除，e.g. Everyone except me got an invitation. 除了我以外, 所有人都收到了请柬. besides 表示“除了以外，还有”，与in addition to 同义，e.g. Besides Mr Wang, we also went to see the film.王先生也去了。We all agreed besides him.我们都同意, 他也同意。 beside : 在旁边。表示方位。e.g. Lily sits beside me in

8、class. 莉莉在班上做我旁边。同义句转换1）He speaks French as well as English.e.g. He speaks French in addition to/besides English.2) Apart from the salary, its not a bad job.e.g. In addition to/Except the salary, its not a bad job.8. announce: 公布公布公布公布；宣告宣告宣告宣告e.g. He announced his decision. 他宣布了他的决定。 9. absorb v.1)

9、 吸收 A sponge absorbs water. 海绵吸水。2）专心于 be absorbed in sth: 专心的，全神贯注的The little girl was absorbed in reading a tale. 这个小姑娘正在全神贯注的阅读一篇故事。10. challenge n.挑战; 挑战书; 邀请比赛; 要求决斗 vt. 向.挑战, 要求, 怀疑 ; vi. 挑战, 对(证据等)表示异议e.g. meet the serious challenge 面对严峻挑战Unit 2:1. consist of be made up of 由由由由组成组成组成组成 (没有进行时

10、没有进行时没有进行时没有进行时）e.g. The UK consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the UK.2. 区别区别区别区别: separate . from (把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分离出来把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分离出来把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分离出来把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分离出来） o 把把把把分开分开分开分开 （把整体分为若干部分把整体分为若干部分把整体分为若干部分把整体分为若干部分）e.g. The tea

11、cher divided the class into two groups.The Taiwan Strait separates Taiwan from Fujian.3. debate about sth.e.g. They debate about the proposal for three days.debate /argue/ quarrel 4. clarify: vt./vi. (cause sth. to )become clear or easier to understand 澄清澄清澄清澄清；阐明阐明阐明阐明;清楚清楚清楚清楚；明了明了明了明了e.g. I hope

12、what I say will clarify the situation.Can you clarify the question? 5. be linked to = be connected to /be joined to 连接连接连接连接【习惯用语】 link A to B 将A和B连接起来6. refer to 1)提及，指的是e.g. When he said “some students”, do you think he was referring to us?2) 参考；查阅；询问e.g. If you dont understand a word you may refe

13、r to your dictionaries.Please refer to the last page of the book for answers. 3) 关系到；关乎e.g. What I have to say refers to all of you.This rule refers to everyone. reference: n. 参考 e.g. reference books 参考书7. to ones surprise (prep)“to ones + 名词名词名词名词” 表表表表 “令某人令某人令某人令某人”常见的名词有常见的名词有常见的名词有常见的名词有 “delig

14、ht, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等等等等e.g. I discovered, to my horror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale. To Johns great relief they reached the house at last.8. . found themselves united peacefully “find +宾语宾语宾语宾语宾补宾补宾补宾补( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介词短语介词短语介词短语介词短语；不定式不定式不定式不定式）”e.g.

15、 A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.Youll find him easy to get along with. They found themselves trapped by the bush fire.When I woke up, I found myself in hospital.I called on him yesterday, but I found him out.9. get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做使某事被做使某事被做使某事被做.

16、e.g. Ill just get these dishes washed and then Ill come.get + n. + to doget + n. + doing Youll get her to agree.Ill get the car going. get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生，意为“被.”e.g. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. 10. break away (from sb / sth) 脱离脱离脱离脱离；破除破除破除破除e.g. It is not easy for him to b

17、reak away from bad habits.The man broke away from his guards.break down (会谈)破裂，失败；(汽车等)出故障；(人的健康状况)变得恶劣；（情感）失控e.g. His car broke down on the way to work this morning.His health broke down under the pressure of work.He broke down and wept when he heard the news.Talks between the two countries have co

18、mpletely broken down. break in 闯入闯入闯入闯入；打岔打岔打岔打岔 break off 中断中断中断中断，折断折断折断折断 break into 闯入闯入闯入闯入 break out 爆发爆发爆发爆发;发生发生发生发生 break up 驱散驱散驱散驱散；分散分散分散分散，拆散拆散拆散拆散11. as well as 不仅不仅不仅不仅而且而且而且而且；既既既既又又又又 e.g. He is a teacher as well as a writer.The children as well as their father were seen playing foo

19、tball in the street. 12. convenience: n.方便方便方便方便；便利便利便利便利（convenient: adj. ）e.g. We bought this house for its convenience.13. attraction: （attract: v.）1). 吸引；引力(不可数 n.) e.g. attraction of gravitation 重力2). 吸引人的东西；喜闻乐见的东西；精彩节目(可数 n.)He cant resist the attraction of the sea on a hot day.A big city off

20、ers many and varied attractions.What are the principle attractions this evening?14. influence 1) v. 对产生影响 e.g. What influence you to choose a career in teaching? 2)可数n. 产生影响的人或事 e.g. He is one of the good influences in the school. 3) (不可数n.) 影响 e.g. A teacher has great influence over his pupils. Uni

21、t 3:1. impression n. 印记印记印记印记；印象印象印象印象；感想感想感想感想；后接后接后接后接 of sb./ of sth./ on sb./ that 从句从句从句从句；e.g. My first impression of him was favourable. I got the impression that they were unhappy about the situation.知识拓展：impress v.给留下深刻的印象；使铭记；使感动；常用结构有：impress sth. on/upon sb./impress sb. with sth.给留下深刻的印象

22、；使铭记；eg It impressed me that she remembered my name.令我佩服的是她记得我的名字。2. remind v.提醒；使想起；常用结构有: remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事；remind sb.(that)/wh-从句 提醒某人；使某人想起；remind sb. about/of sth. 使某人想起或意识到；提醒某人某事e.g. Im sorry, but Ive forgotten your name, can you remind me? You remind me of your father when you say

23、 that. 知识拓展：reminder n.提醒物；引起回忆的事物3. constantly adv.始终；一直；重复不断地e.g. Fashion is constantly changing.时尚总是日新月异。 知识拓展：constant adj.连续发生的；不断的；重复的；4. previous adj.先前的；以往的；（时间上）稍前的e.g. No previous experience is necessary for this job. I couldnt believe it when I heard the news. I had only seen him the prev

24、ious day.知识拓展：previously adv. 先前的；早先e.g. The building had previously been used as a hotel. 5. bend v.（bent bent）弯曲；使弯曲；弯腰；弯身；e.g. Its hard to bend an iron bar. 把铁棒弄弯很不容易。She bent her head and kissed her daughter. 她低下头吻了她的女儿。常用搭配有: bend ones mind/efforts to sth. 致力于某事bend sb.to sth. 迫使；说服 bend the tr

25、uth 歪曲事实6. press v. 压；按；推；挤；坚持；敦促 n. 报章杂志，新闻工作者，新闻界e.g. She pressed a handkerchief to his nose. 她用手绢捂住鼻子。She pressed down hard on the gas pedal. 她用力踩下油门踏板。He is still pressing her claim for compensation. 他仍坚持索赔。 The press was/were not allowed to attend the trial. 庭审谢绝新闻采访。7. switch n. & v. 用作名词表示用作名

26、词表示用作名词表示用作名词表示“开关开关开关开关；转换转换转换转换”。用作动词表示用作动词表示用作动词表示用作动词表示“转换转换转换转换”。e.g. She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born. Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen. I cant work next week, will you switch with me? 8. lack n. & v. 用作名词用作名词用作名词用作名词，

27、表示表示表示表示：“缺乏缺乏缺乏缺乏；短缺短缺短缺短缺”；用作动词用作动词用作动词用作动词，表示表示表示表示：“缺乏缺乏缺乏缺乏；短短短短缺缺缺缺；没有没有没有没有；不足不足不足不足”。e.g. a lack of food /money/skills 缺乏食物/金钱/技能The trip was cancelled through lack of interest. 因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。He lacks confidence. 他缺乏信心。知识拓展：lacking adj. 缺乏；没有；匮乏；不足9. surroundings n.pl. 环境环境环境环境；surround v.

28、围绕围绕围绕围绕；环绕环绕环绕环绕 surrounding adj. 周围周围周围周围的的的的；附近的附近的附近的附近的e.g. Everyone likes to work in pleasant surroundings. 10. catch/gain/get sight of 发现发现发现发现，看出看出看出看出 lose sight of 看不见,忘记 lose ones sight .0 at first sight 一见就；乍看起来 At first sight, the problem seems easy.at (the) sight of 一看见就 At the sight o

29、f the teacher, the boy ran away.be in sight 看得见，在眼前 The island is still in sight.out of sight 看不见 Out of sight, out of mind.11. take up to fill or use an amount of space or time 占用（时间）；占据（空间）to learn to or start to do sth 开始做（某项工作）；开始从事to accept sth. that is offered or available 接受（建议或能得到的东西）e.g. Th

30、e table takes up too much room. 这张桌子太占地儿。They have taken up golf. 他们学起打高尔夫球来了。She took up his offer of a drink. 他请她喝一杯，她接受了。 He takes up his duties next week. 他下周就要开始履行职责。12. sweep up 打扫打扫打扫打扫；清扫清扫清扫清扫；横扫横扫横扫横扫；涌向涌向涌向涌向；快速地抱起快速地抱起快速地抱起快速地抱起e.g. He swept up the baby up into his arms. 他一把将孩子抱进怀里Unit 4

31、:1. concentrate vi. 聚精会神聚精会神聚精会神聚精会神，集中思想集中思想集中思想集中思想，多与多与多与多与 on 和和和和 upon 或连用或连用或连用或连用 Concentrate on your work. 集中精神工作集中精神工作集中精神工作集中精神工作。e.g. A driver should concentrate on the road when driving.Industrial development is being concentrated in the west of the country.2. acquire vt. 获得获得获得获得, 学到学到学

32、到学到，取得取得取得取得，拥有拥有拥有拥有 acquired, acquiringe.g. She acquired a knowledge of the English by careful study.Some smoking and alcoholic drinks are an acquired taste and are not in born.3. accuse sb. of doing sth. 指责指责指责指责，指控指控指控指控 accused, accusinge.g. The police accused him of murder. 警方指控他谋杀。She accused

33、 him lying. 她指责他说谎.He was wrongly accused of stealing. 他误遭控告犯偷盗罪.4. be of interest/ importance, value, use, help, . = interesting/important/valuable/useful/helpful.e.g. This is a matter of great importance. 这是一件非常重要的事。The book is of great value to me. 这本书对我来说有很大价值。There is nothing interesting/of int

34、erest in todays newspaper.5. journalist n.新闻记者新闻记者新闻记者新闻记者；新闻工作者新闻工作者新闻工作者新闻工作者e.g. He is a professional journalist. 他是一位专门的新闻从业人员 6. delighted a. 高兴的高兴的高兴的高兴的, 快乐的快乐的快乐的快乐的e.g. I am really delighted. 我真的很高兴。【词语联想】delight n. 高兴, 愉快 ； vt. 使高兴, 乐于； vi. 感到高兴(或愉快、快乐)e.g.Singing is her chief delight. 唱歌是

35、她的主要爱好。7. assist n. 帮助, 协助； vt. 帮助, 促进； vi. 协助, 参加【习惯用语 】 assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事 区别: help, aid, assist 都含帮助、援助的意思。help 系常用词, 意义较aid, assist 强, 指以积极态度给予各方面的帮助, 强调受助者得到帮助或好处, 并着重受助者对帮助的需要e.g. Please help me arrange these papers.aid 属

36、较正式用语, 强调帮助受助者脱离困难或危险, 有时意味着强者援助弱者e.g. They aided flood victims.assist是正式用语, 多指在提供帮助时, 帮助者起次要或起协助作用e.g. She assisted him in his experiments.Unit 5：1. first aid 的意思是“急救”，例如：first aid to the injured 给予伤员的急救。短语联想 give/offer aid 援助 come to sbs aid 帮助某人teaching aids 教具 medical aid 医疗救护with the aid of 借助于

37、 get injured 受伤，在现代英语中大量地出现了由“get + 及物动词不达意的过去分词”构成的被动语态，这叫 get - 型被动语态。又如：The computer got (was)damaged when we were moving. My bike is getting (is being)repaired row. 2. Protect 动词动词动词动词，“保护保护保护保护、维护维护维护维护”，用于句式“protect + 名词 + against/from + 名词”。e.g. He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight. 【短语联想】 Keep. from. 不让/避免 stop. (from) . f prevent.(from) . 妨碍/防止 disable. from. 使失去（能力/资格） save. from. 挽救、拯救3.depend on 取