2018仁爱英语8年级上册U4Topic3学科讲义

1、2018仁爱英语8年级上册U4Topic3学科讲义（有答案）1 / 12【基础知识巩固】Section AThe Internet makes the world smaller.互联网使世界变得更小。make 用作及物动词，在主动语态中的含义主要有：1. 做；制作；制造。如： Can you make any moo ncakes?尔会做些月饼吗？make 后可跟双宾语，间接宾语后移时一般用 for 引导。如: My uncle will make me a kite. = My uncle will make a kite for me.叔叔将为我做一只风筝。2. 使；让。如： Have

2、I made myself clear?我讲清楚了没有？3. 构成；组成；成为。女口： Daniel scored ano ther goal, but one player does not make a team.丹尼尔又踢进了一球，但是独木不成林。当 make 用作及物动词，意为 使、使得、让”时，一般用于“make +宾语+宾 语补足语”这种结构，常用的句型是：make + sb. / sth. + adj.意为 使某人或某物处于某种状态”。例如：Loud music makes me_ .吵闹的音乐使我不舒服。The n ews made him_ .这个消息使他很高兴。This h

3、elps make life_ 使我们的生活更轻松。当然，除了接形容词作宾补外，还可以接名词、动词的过去分词等作宾补。例如：They all wa nt to make Jim their mo nitor.（名词）他们都想让吉姆当班长。They made Mr. Brown_ .（名词）他们选了他为校长。The teacher tried his best to make himself a good_of his pupi（名词）那位老师尽力使自己成为学生的好朋友。I spoke loudly in order to make my voice_.（过去分词）我大声地讲话，以便让别人听到。

4、2018仁爱英语8年级上册U4Topic3学科讲义(有答案)2 / 12make + sb. / sth. +省略 to 的动词不定式，意为 使某人或某物做某事”。例 如：Dont make the baby_anymore.不要再让那个孩子哭了。He ofte n makes us_ 他经常使我们大笑。英语中，类似于 make 这种用法的动词还有一感：feel 二听：hear, listen to 三让：let, have, make 四观看：observe, see, watch, look a 等。如: I saw him put the key into the keyhole, tu

5、rn it and open the door.我看见他把钥匙插进锁孔，转动钥匙，然后打开了门。Section BI m sure you can find lots of information on the Internet.I m not sure if that is a good idea.be sure肯定式的时候，后面的从句通常用 that 引导，that 也可以省略；即 be sure ( that ) +句子确信.;肯定.否定式的时候，则用 if/whether 或者其它疑问词作为引导词来引导。即 be not sure if/whether +句子 不确定.是否.e.g.

6、I m sure (that) you can do it!I m not sure if/whether he will come.练习：Eg :我确信他会来参加我的生日晚会。I_he will come to my birthday party.他不确定他是否去我的生日晚会。He_ he will go to my birthday party.Section C1. Everyone can post information,and not all of it is true 每个人都能发送信息， 但并不是所有的信息都是真实的。all 和 not 连用表示部分否定，这句话的意思理解成：S

7、ome of it is true and some of it isnot true.e.g._ like playi ng football.不是所有人都喜欢踢足球2018仁爱英语8年级上册U4Topic3学科讲义（有答案）3 / 12的。true adj.确实的，真的；真正的；对的2. search for information 搜索 / 查找信息search for sb./sth 寻找/搜索某人或某物；search sb./sth.搜索某人(的身)/某物 e.g. Thepoliceman_the thief.那个警察正在搜那个贼的身。The police_ the thief.那

8、些警察正在找那个贼。Section DFinally, it is possible to look up new words in an online dictionaj 最后，在网络词典里面查新单词是有可能的。look up 查阅，在.（书或资料中）查找，向上看”当后面跟的是名词时，一般放在后面；但如果是代词时，一定要放在中间。e.g.你可以帮我在字典中查查这个单词的意思吗？Would you please_ for me?你可以帮我在字典中查查它的意思吗？Would you please_in the dictio nary for me ?重点语法：The Internet makes

9、 the world smaller.主语谓语 宾语宾语补足语宾语补足语：1.定义： 英语中有些及物动词后接宾语时， 需要加一个词或短语来补充说明宾语 的特征、状态等情况，使句子结构变得更加完整，这样的词或短语叫做宾语补足 语。它和前面的宾语一起构成复合宾语。Eg:这部电影使我们很开心。 The film made us very happy.这个故事使我们哭了。 This story made us cry.我们应该保持教室干净。 We should keep our classroom clea n.2 用法：2018仁爱英语8年级上册U4Topic3学科讲义(有答案)4 / 12可以作宾

10、语补足语的词有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、 V-ed 形式或V-ing 形式等。1名词（包括名词性物主代词）作宾语补足语。常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：call, n ame, make, think 等。如：People elected her Mo nitor 人们选他当班长。They all con sider her a good stude nt.We call them moon cakes.2形容词原级或比较级作宾语补足语。常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, make, find 等。如:Please keep the wi ndows ope n. We

11、n eed more fresh 逋辻窗户开着，我们需要更多的新鲜空气。Your hair is too long. Go to the Barbers and cut it shorS的头发太长了，去理发店 剪短些。Who left the win dow ope n?3.副词原级或比较级作宾语补足语。如：He ordered them away 他 命令他们离开。When we got there, we fou nd him out 当我们到达那儿的时候，发现他出去了。4介词短语作宾语补足语。常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, find, leave 等。如：Please ma

12、ke yourself at hom 请随便一点。The cold kept me in bed for three days 这次感冒使我在床上呆了三天。The police found the lost boy in a woode n house.I left my pen on my desk at home.5动词不定式做宾语补足语。如：I ofte n ask him to help me with my En glish 我经常让他帮助我学习英语。I heard him sing songs in the n ext room last ni gh 我昨天晚上听见他在隔壁房间唱

13、歌了。.You should try your best to make him un dersta nd thaS应该尽量让他明白那件事。2018仁爱英语8年级上册U4Topic3学科讲义（有答案）5 / 12We observed the stude nts do the physics experiment 们观察了学生做物理实验。6过去分词作宾语补足语。如：When they got there, they found the bank robbed.他们到达那儿的时候，他们发现 银行被抢了。The teacher spoke loudly in order to make himse

14、lf hear 为了让别人听到，这位老师 说话声音很大。When we got to the classroom, we found the door locked.7现在分词做宾语补足语。常接动词-ing 形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, find, keep 等如：I caught her steali ng in the bookshop 我 当场抓住她在书店行窃。We ofte n hear him practici ng speak ing En glish 我 们经常听见他练习说英语。2018仁爱英语8年级上册U4Topic3学科讲义（有答案）6 / 1

15、2I saw a little girl drawing under the tree.不定式做宾语补足语表示动作的过程，现在分词做宾语补足语表示宾语正在进行的动作，过去分词做宾语补足语表示动作的完成，有时含有被动意义。注：当宾语为动词不定式、动词-ing 结构或宾语从句并有宾补时，常用 it 做形式 宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。如：They found it impossible to fin ish the work in such a short time.后面不定式为真正 宾语）他们觉得不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项工作。I find it no use arguing with him

16、.（后面的动名词为真正宾语）我发现和他争吵没 有用。【典型例题讲解】()1. Jim said the book_ very in terest ing.A. beB. isC. wasD. are()2. None of the shoes in the shop fit me well. They are_too big_ toosmall.A. both; and B. either; orC. not only; but also D. not; but()3. There_a stamp collecti on show in the museum this after noon.A

17、. isB. is going to have C. hasD. is going to be()4. The policema n asked the child_ so that he could take him home.A. where did he liveB. where he livedC. how did he liveD. how he lived()5. Not only Mr. Wang but also his stude nts usually_ school on foot.A. reachesB. get toC. arrivesD. arrive()6. Th

18、e Great Wall is known_the world.A. forB. asC. onD. to2018仁爱英语8年级上册U4Topic3学科讲义（有答案）7 / 12()7. Cheongsam is one of_dresses in China. And many foreigners also like itvery much.A. traditi onalB. a most traditi onalC. more traditi onalD. the most traditi onal()8. All my classmates are Tibeta nsme.A. exc

19、eptB. besidesC. withD.on()9. China is ancoun try.A. Europea nB. Asia nC. America nD.Africa n()10.Harbi n is really a beautiful city and therer ”e maeytplaces of intSo it is. Why not stay here fortwo days?A. otherB. othersC. ano therD.more【随堂练习巩固】in.完形填空。（10 分）One day Jack went to a big dinner party.

20、 His coat was not good. Whe n he went in.no one looked at him and no one gave him 16 food. He was 17 angry that hewent home, an d 18his best coat and the n came back to 19 party. Every one stood up at once andcame to meet him. Other guests 20 him to the best table and gave him the best food. Then Ja

21、ck put thefood in his coat and said,“Pleaseat, my dear coat.”The other people were very 21 and said,“Why areyou doing that?”Jack answered,“Im asking my coat22now. When I came here at 23 , nobody noticed me24_ gave me food. After I changed my coat, you gave me the best food. So you gave food to my co

22、at,not to 25 .”Every one felt embarrassed的).()16. A.anyB.someC.fewD.little()17. A.tooB.veryC.soD.such()18. A.wearB.put onC.to wearD.to put on2018仁爱英语8年级上册U4Topic3学科讲义（有答案）8 / 12()19. A.aB.anC.oneD.the()20. A. takeB.take nC.tookD.takes()21. A.surpriseB. surprisedC.surpris ingD.angry()22. A.eatB. eat

23、ingC.to eatD.ate()23. A.firstB. the firstC.lastD.the last()24. A.andB. orC.norD.but()25. A.IB. myC.mi neD.Me【课后强化练习】IV阅读理解。(30 分)(A)A lot of boys and girls in wester n coun tries are weari ng the same clothes, andmany boys have long hair, so it is difficult to tell whether they are boys or not.One d

24、ay an old man went for a walk in a park in Washi ngton and whe n he wastired, he sat dow n on a chair by a swim ming pool. A young pers on was sta nding on the other side ofthe pool.“Oh!” the old man said to the person sitting next to him,“Do you see the pwith the loose clothes and long hair? Is it

25、aoy or a girl? ”A girl,said the pers on,She is my daughter.“Oh!” the old man said quickly,“ Please forgive me. I dont know that you aher mother. ”“1 m not, ” said the person,“1 m her father.”根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。()26. What did the old man see on the other side of the pool?A. A girl.B. A boy.C. An old woma

26、n.D. A man.()27. The old man thought the pers on sitti ng n ext to him was_ .A. a woma nB. a manC. a girlD. a boy2018仁爱英语8年级上册U4Topic3学科讲义（有答案）9 / 12()28.“ Please forgive me. ” in the passage means “_”A. I mi not sure.B. I m surprised.C. I | m sorry.D. I m not living here.()29. Which is right accord

27、 ing to the passage?A. Most people in western coun tries wear the same clothes.B. The old man thought the pers on n ext to him was a man.C. It | fidiilt to tell boys from girls because they wear the same clothes.D. Sometimes men also have long hair as women in western countries.()30. Which can be th

28、e best title for the passage?A. Are They Wearing the Same Clothes?B. Can You Tell Boys from Girls?C. Are They Boys or Girls?D. What | s Wrong with the Boys?(B)What are your clothes made of? Are they made of cott on or wool? Some stude nts in Shandongwear different things. Their clothes are made of d

29、iscs(光盘)or old clothes!On October 7th, 36 stude nts in Lin yi, Shandong Provin ce, wore beautiful clothes in a show. Theirclothes were made of all kinds of thi ngs.The show gave the stude nts a cha nce to make thi ngs with their own han ds. It also helped themlear n to make good use of waste and not

30、 to throw everyth ing away.Stude nts had lots of good ideas. Some found used thin gs, like old clothes, to make new dresses.“ We hope to save energy. Our world isshort of energy. So I don t want to just throw old thingsaway, ” said Xie Jing at Linyi Arl.SchooXie had more than 20 discs on her nice bl

31、ue dress. She got them from her family and frie nds.“Though the discs are old, I look very cool in them!” she said.Song Dandan, a student from the school, looked like a farmer in her straw 稻草)coat and hat. She picked the straw from the fields and put them all together.2018仁爱英语8年级上册U4Topic3学科讲义（有答案）1

32、0 / 12“I want to show what people wore in the past.” she said.2018仁爱英语8年级上册U4Topic3学科讲义（有答案）11 / 12Du Yue made clothes for astronauts 宇航员)! She had white cloth all over her.Whe n she walked, she tried to be slow. It looked like she was walk ing on the moon. “I hope to wear itin space some day. I wis

33、h that I could walk on the moon!said.()31. The passage mainly talks about_.A. how to make clothesB. en ergy sav ingC. how to look coolD. a specialfashi on show()32. The students clothes were made of_B. cott onC. waste paperD. all kinds of things()33. The underlined(画线)word “ short ”hensentence “ Our

34、 worldis short ofenergy. ” has the same meaning as “ short ” in the sentenceA. It s oalyhort way from here.B. The man is short.C. I m short of money. Can you lend me some?D. She was here a short time ago.()34. The three stude nts used all these things except_ to made clothes.()35.The showtellspeople

35、_A. we should save en ergyC. how to make use of old things.1. C 考查的是宾语从句的时态。主句用一般过去时，从句应该也用一般过去时。故选 C2. B 考查短语辨析。both . and .意为“和.都.”，表示对连接的两事物进行肯定；either . or .意为 要么. 要么.”，表示对连接的两个事物中的一个进行肯定；not only . but also .意为 不但.而且.”，连接两个并列的事物；not . but .意为 不是.A. discsB. strawC. old paperD. clothA. silkB.they

36、D. A, B and C2018仁爱英语8年级上册U4Topic3学科讲义（有答案）12 / 12而是”。句意 鞋店里没有一双合适”，说明要么太大，要么太小。故选 B。3. D 考查的是 there be 句型的一般将来时。有 There is going to be .或 There willbe .两种形式。故选 D。4. B 考查宾语从句的语序。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除A 和 C;由句意知警察要带这个小孩回家，可知问的是地点。故选B。5. B not onlybut also 不但.而且.，在并列两个主语时，谓语动词依据就近原则，students 是复数，排除 A、C; get t

37、o 到达，及物动词； 而arrive 是不及物动词后接介词。故选 B。6. D 考查的是 be known to 这一短语，意为 闻名于” be known for 意为因.著名” be known as 意为 作为.著名”故选 D。7. D 考查了 traditional 的最高级形式。故选 D。8. A 考查 except, besides 等介词的区别。本句意为除了我之外，所有的同学都是藏族人。” excep 除. 之外。女口：Every one except Tom we nt tothe con cert.除了汤姆，大家都去听音乐会了。 besides 除了.之外还有。 女口：Besides Chinese, we also learn maths, English, physics and soon.除了语文之外，我们还学数学、英语、物理等等。故选A。9. B 考查地理常识。句意为 中国是一个亚洲国家”故选 B。10. C 考查短语 另外的两天，更多的两天 ” 用 an other two days,它相当于 two more days 故选 C。n. 11-15 E F A D GIH . 16. A any 用于否定句和一般疑问句