名词的用法及归纳(汇编)

1、精品文档名词的用法及归纳名词：表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词。一、名词的分类类别用法例词普通名词表示一类人、或东西、或一个抽象概念的名词可数名 词个体名词表示某类人或东西中的个体pen, student, desk, book, bike集体名词表示若干个个体组成的集合体family, class, people, school不可数名词物质名词表示无法分为个体的实物air, water, paper抽象名词表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念work, time, news专有名词表示某个（些）人、地方、机构等专有的名称（注意：这类词的中心词的第一个字母要大写）翻译：长城；汤姆；中国二、名

2、词的数1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 复数形式的构成：变形规则写岀以下词语的复数形式1、一般情况下，在词尾加 sbook f2、ch, sh, s, x .+ eswatch f,box f3、o+ es （动植物）tomato f,potato fo+ s（非动植物）photo f,radio f4、元音字母 (a, e, i, o, u) + y + sboy f; holiday f; mon key f（辅音字母）.+ y f .iesstudy f;technology f5、f, fef veswife f .:leaf f6、双重复数变为复数： a woman nurse f

3、 变为复数： a man doctor f国民的复数形式:国别复数形式Chinese / Japanese仲日）Englishman / Frenchm an/（英法）American/ Australian/ German, etc./ /（其他）2.不可数名词一般没有复数形式，若表示确定数量时，一般用“数词+量词+ of +不可数名词”【例题】翻译以下词组：两杯水： ；两条新闻： 两张纸：；几片面包：两袋大米：；3.有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，但词义有所不同。不可数名词词义可数名词词义不可数名词词义可数名词词义fruit水果fruitsfood食物foodsfish鱼fishe

4、sdrink饮料、酒a drinkcloth布a clothsand沙sandschicken鸡肉a chickenorange精品文档橘汁an orangeglass玻璃glassespaper纸a paperwood木头woodsroom空间a room4. 数量的表示:修饰可数名词a few一点苹果：（肯定）few（几乎没有）一点苹果：（否定）many许多人：a (great) number of大量学生：修饰不可数名词a little一点点面包：（肯定）little（几乎没有）一点面包：（否定）much许多大米：(large) amounts of大量的水资源：a great deal

5、 of许多钱：既修饰可数名词 又修饰不可数名词a lot of = lots of许多羊：（只用于肯定）plenty of大量的信息：some些故事：any一些错误：enough足够的食物：三、名词的所有格1. 有生命的名词所有格，以及表示时间、距离、城镇、国家等的名词所有格： 不是以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，在词尾加。【例题】：麦克的手表： 以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，只加【例题】：老师们的办公室： ； 两个或两个以上名词并列，表示共同所有，只需在最后一个名词后加。【例题】：汤姆和麦克的房间： ;杰克和玛丽的姐姐： 两个或两个以上名词并列，表示分别所有，需在几个名词后都加。【例题】：玛丽的自

6、行车和汤姆的自行车： 汤姆的姐姐和麦克的姐姐： 在表示“店铺、某某家、诊所”的名词所有格后面，一般省去被修饰的名词。【例题】：在他弟弟家： ;在医生的诊所里： ；在史密斯先生家：； 用所有格表示时间或距离的方法：【例题】：开车十分钟的路程： ;一个月的假期： ；两周的工作： 用所有格表示节日的方法。如：TeachersDay ； Childrens Day注意：除了父亲节和母亲节（Mothers Day、Father s Day），其他节日都用 名词复数的所有格 表示。【例题】：妇女节：；儿童节：；2. 无生命的事物的名词所有格，常用of结构。【例题】：一张中国地图： ;这个游戏的开始 ；这个

7、房间的门：3. 特殊形式：精品文档1）可用和of短语表示的名词所有格:【例题】：用 of短语表示： the boy s name=;China s populatio 2）双重所有格。【例题】：我妈妈的一个朋友： ;汤姆的一张照片： 练习选择题A:（数）1. In the picture there are manyand two.A. sheep, foxesB. sheeps, foxC. sheeps, foxesD.sheep, foxs2.In Brita in,are all pain ted red.A. letter boxesB. letters boxesC. letter

8、 boxD letters box3.Please remember to give the horse some tree.A. leafsB. leavesC. leafD.leave4.Can we have some?Yes, please.A.bananaB. oran gesC. appleD.pear5.They got muchfrom those new books.A. ideasB. photosC. i nformatio nD.stories6.What would you like to have for lun ch, sir?Id like.A. chicke

9、nB. a chicke nC. chicke nsD.the chicke n7.Childre n should makefor old people in a bus.A. roomB. a roomC. roomsD.the room8.Tables are made ofA. woodB. some woodsC. woodenD.woods9.There are fourand twoin the group.A. Japa nese, Germe nB. Japa neses, Germe nC. Japa nese, Germa nsD.Japa nese, Germe ns1

10、0.A group ofwill visit the museum tomorrow.A. Hun garia nB. Australia nC. JapaneseD.America n11.There are sixty-seve nin our school.A. wome ns teacherB. wome n teachersC. woma n teachersD.wome n teacher12.There are fivein our factory.A. woma n driverB. wome n driverC. woma n driversD.wome n drivers1

11、3.Would you liketea?No, tha nks. I have drunk twoA. any, bottles of orangeB. some, bottles of orangeC. many, bottles of oran gesD. few, bottle of oran ges14.He is hungry. Give himto eat.A. two breadsB. two piece of breadC. two pieces of breadD.two pieces of breads15.Can you give me?A. a teaB. some c

12、up of teaC. a cup teaD.a cup of tea16.Joh n boughtfor himself yesterday.A. two pairs of shoesB. two pair of shoeC. two pair of shoesD.two pairs shoes17.Whatlovely weather it is!A. /B. theC. anD.a18.He gave uson how to keep fit.A. some advicesB. some adviceC. an adviceD.a advice19.It really took himt

13、o draw the nice horse.A. sometimesB. hourC. l ong timeD.some time精品文档20. She was very happy. Shein the maths test.A. makes a few mistakeB. made a few mistakesC. made few mistakesD. makes few mistake选择题B:（所有格）1.March 8th isDay.A. Woman B. Women C. Woma nsD. Women2.Is the broom un der No, its un der.d

14、esk?A. the teachers; myB. teachers; mineC. teachers; meD. the teachers; mi ne3.Excuse me, where is the?A. mens roomB. mens roomC. mens roomsD. men rooms4.The football un der the bed is.A. Lily and LucyB. Lilys and LucysC. Lilys and LucyD. Lily and Lucys5.His bag is nicer tha nin his class.A. any oth

15、er stude ntB. the other stude ntsC. any other studentsD. any student s6.Joan is.A. Marys and Jack sisterB. Mary and Jacks sisterC. Mary and Jack sisterD. Marys and Jacks sister7.In a fewtime, those mountains will be covered with trees.A. yearB. yearsC. yearsD. years8.The post office is a bit far fro

16、m here. Its about.A. thirty minu tess walkB. thirty mi nutes walkC. thirty minu tes walkD. thirty minu tes walk9.Please take two.A. picture of the parkB. pictures of the parkC. the pictures of a parkD. picture of a park10.Miss Smith is a friend ofA. Marys mothersB. Marys motherC. mothers of MaryD. M

17、ary mothers附加题:1.We could seechildre n and hearno ise in the park.A. many, manyB. much, muchC. many, muchD. much, many2.Computers can dowork in a short time, but a mancannot doby himself.A. great many; manyB. much; a great manyC. a great deal of; muchD. many; a great many3.In her letter Aunt Mary to

18、ld us manyabout her visit to Japa n.A. n ewsB. storiesC. advicesD. idea4.Mr. Li ofte n gives usby e-mail.A. some good in formati onsB. some good in formatio nC. good in formati onsD. a good in formatio n5.Can 1 help you, sir?I d like to have 100.I want the stude nts to draw pictures on them.A. piece

19、 of paperB. pieces of paperC. papersD. paper6.They want threeA. loaf breadB. loaf of breadC. loaves breadD. loaves of bread7.September 10th isDay.A. the TeacherB. Teachers C. TeacherD. Teacher s8.Those nice cars are those famous.A. dancersB. dan cers C.dancer sD.dancer9.The two desks here are.You ma

20、y use the desk over there.A. Mary and JaneB. Marys and JanesC. Mary and Jane sD. Mary s and Jane s10. How far is it from your office to your flat?It s aboutA. 20 mi nu tes walkB. 20-mi nutes walkC. walk 20 minu tesD. 20 mi nu tes walk精品文档11.I m going to help _ with English.A. a friend of Nancy, hersB. a friend of Nancy sC, .haerfriend of Nancy sD, .haerfsriend of Nancy, her12. that pair of new _ expensive?A. Is, shoeB. Are, shoeC. Is shoesD. Are, shoes13. leaving for Beijin