中考英语复习定语从句专题讲解及练习

1、中考英语复习定语从句专题讲解及练习【课前回顾】一、宾语从句例词词义充当的成分无无是否无是否无谁主语/宾语谁宾语谁的定语什么主语/宾语哪一个定语时间状语地点状语原因状语方式状语宾语从句三要素： 1.: _2. : 3. （见上表格）二、动词的时态归纳（以时间为轴）现在过去将来一般进行完成【知识精讲】定语从句复习定语：找出下列句子中的定语.The black bike is mine.（形容词）What' s your name?代词）They make paper flowers.（名词）I tell him something interesting.（形容词 interesting

2、作不定代词 something 的后置定语）He has something to do.（to do 为不定式作后置定语） 定语概念：用来修饰名，限定，说明名词或代词的词.（形容词，代词，数词名词，介词短语，分词,不定式向子说相当于形容词的词，短语及句子）再看下面的句子：Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.句子作定语，修饰girl,叫做定语从句再看： The man who lives next to me is a teacher.定语-定语从句定语从句讲解1. 概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句。Th

3、e man wholives next to us is a policeman （who 为关系代词 ）先行词 关系词定语从句/ 关系代词关系副词2. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。位于定语从句之前。3. 关系词：弓I导定语从句的词。（连接主，从句，相当于一个连词）4. 定语从句的结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句一般情况下，三者紧密挨着，顺序不可变。5. 定语从句的分类：根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之 间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。限制性定

4、语从句：e.g: The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket .位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。非限制性定语从句：1. Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴2. sports town has a big screen, where you can see live sports around the world.练习：分析定语从句（标出先行词，划出定语从句）1. He likes the apple that is red.2. They

5、said someth ing that you did n't like.3. This is the man who wants to see you.4. This is the magazine from which I copied the paragraph.5. I shall n ever forget those years whe n I lived on the farm with the farmers.三.定语从句的考点：关系词引导定语从句的关系词:必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）指人WhoWhomthataswhose关系代词主

6、、宾格宾格主、宾格主、宾格定语（缺主语指物ThatWhichaswhose或者宾语）主、宾格主、宾格主、宾格定语关系副词WhenWherewhy（缺状语）时间状语地点状语原因状语The stude nt who an swered the questi on was Joh n.I know the reas on why he was so an gry.The boy (whom) you are talki ng to is my brother.rd like a room whose win dow looks out over the sea.关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语

7、从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分例如：The man who is shak ing hands with my father is a policema n.该句中，who is shaking hands with my father是定语从句，修饰先行词 the man,“whc”引 导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语四.关系代词引导的定语从句(who/whom/which/that/whose)关语主语宾语定语指人who/thatwhom/who/thatwhose指物which/thatwhich/thatwhose【针对练习】用适当的

8、关系代词填空1) The boysare playi ng football are from Class One.2) Thosewant to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morni ng.3) Mr Liu is the person you talked about on the bus.4) The manyou met just now is my old friend.5) Football is a gameis liked by most boys.6) The factorymakes

9、computers is far away from here.7) The nu mber of peoplecome to visit this city each year reaches one millio n.8) Where is the manI saw this morning?9) 1 visited a scie ntistn ame is known all over the coun try.10) He has a friendfather is a doctor.11) I once lived in the houseroof has fallen in.解题技

10、巧归纳：1. 划出主从句，标出先行词2. 根据先行词再句子所充当的成分来确定关系词(一般从句缺什么成分，它就做什么成分)【提高练习】1、Yesterday I helped an old man had lost his way.2、The seasoncomes after spri ng is summer.3、That is the teacherteaches us physics.4、 The professoryou are waiting for has come.5、 He likes to read booksare written by foreign writers.6、

11、 The girlthe teacher often praises is our monitor.7、Do you like the bookcover is yellow?Do you like the book the cover of is yellow?8、The houseis by the lake looks nice.9、This is the penhe bought yesterday.10、The filmthey went to see last night was not interesting at all.11、The personyou introduced

12、to me is very kind.12、Yesterday I received a lettercame from Australia.13、This is the boyI played tennis with yesterday.14、we llgo to hear the famous singerwe have often talked about.15、The managercompany I work in pays much attention to improving our workingcon diti ons.五特殊情况:限制性定语从句中只能用that引导定语从句的

13、情况1 .当先行词是 everything, anything, nothing (something除夕卜)，all, none, few, little, some 等不定代词时，或当先行词受 every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。1) Have you taken down everything Mr. Li said? 李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？2) There seems to be nothingis impossible to him in the world. 对他来说似乎世界上没有什么不可能的事。3) AIIca

14、n be done has bee n done.所有能做的都做好了。4) There is littleI can do for you.我不能为你干什么。5) He stayed in the library and looked up any information () they needed.他呆在图书馆查找所需的资料。2.当先行词被序数词修饰时。The first placethey visited in Lon don was the Big Be n.在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。This is the best filmI have

15、ever see n.这是我看过的最好的电影。4.当先行词被 the very, the only 修饰时。1) This is the very dictionary I want to buy.这正是我要买的词典。2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thi ng he owns.家里发生了火灾过后，那辆旧车成了他的唯一拥有。注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。1)Wang Hua is the only person in our school will attend the meeting. 王华是我

16、校唯一出席会议的人。5. 当先行词前面有 who, which等疑问代词时1) Who is the manis sta nding by the gate?站在门口的那个人是谁？2) Which is the T-shirt fits me most?哪件 T 恤衫最合我的身？6. 当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。1) They talked about the pers ons and thingsthey remembered at school他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。2) Look at the man and his donkeyare walking up the s

17、treet.瞧瞧那个沿街走来的人和他的毛驴。【针对练习】()1. What are you looki ng for?-I am look ing for the bookI bought yesterday.A. whoB. whichC. whose()2. We know Jackie Chanmovies are very popular with the young.A. whoseB. thatC. whoD. which()3. Is this universityyour elder brother will choose this year?A. the oneB. that

18、C. where()4. Do you know the boyis standing under the tree? -Yes. He ' s Peter. He ' s new in our class.A. whereB. whatC. whoD. whose()5. The roomwindows face south is his.A. thatB. whichC. whoseD. who ' s下列情况只用 which，不用that 用于介词后，跟介词一起引导定语从句时。例如：Galileo built a telescope through which h

19、e could study the uni verse.I ' m looking for a container in which I can put all these coins. 先行词本身是that时。例如：What' s that which flashed in the sky just now? 引导非限制性定语从句时。例如：There has just been a heavy rain, which makes the farmers delighted.【针对练习】()1. The park,we visited yesterday, is very n

20、ice.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. when()2. The first timeI saw her was in 1989.D. asA. whe nB. whichC. that()3. Pay attention to allI do.A. whichB. in whichC. whatD. that()4. I ' ve read all the booksyou gave me.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that()5. Is there anythingI can do for you?A. whichB. whe nC. w

21、hoseD. who()6. The womanchild had fallen ill was a doctor.A. whoB. herC. whoseD. /()7. The penI' m usingis hers.A. which; itB. that; itC. it; /D. /()8. The whole world is fighting against the H1N1, a diseasehas caused many deaths.A. whoB. whichC. whomD. what()9. The young ladywe met yesterday is

22、 our new math teacher.A. whatB. whoseC. whoD. which()10. The skirtis made of silk is very expensive. I can' t afford it.A. whatB. /C. thatD. it()11. I like the teacherclasses are very in teresti ng and creative.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. whose()12. Jack, there is some one in the officewould like to

23、 speak with you.A. whoB. whichC. whom()13. Shaoli n Templelies in the west of Zhen gzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad.A. whereB. whichC. whoD. what()14. We should give love to the childre nlost their pare nts in the earthquake.A. whoB. whomC. thoseD. which()15. -There are many volun

24、 teersare helpi ng the childre n in Sichua n.-A nd most of them are college stude nts.【真题练习】( )1、Last mon th, my mum got a new jobis in HongKong!(越秀区)A. whichB. whatC. whoD. whose( )2、He had made the same trouble with our horses,caused him a lecture from his father about theimporta nee of not wast i

25、ng water.(天河区)A. whichB.whatC.whoD.whose()3、The usershave the company' mobile APP just need to use their phone to scan the QRcode(二维码)on the bike.(海珠区)A.whichB.whatC.whoD.whom( )4、They came across four old menasked them to be more careful.(南沙区)A.whoB.whichC.whe nD.where( )5、Their parents want th

26、em to do homeworkcan help them get good marks.(黄埔区)A. whoB .whichC. whatD. when()6、There was a kingwas always sad and easy to get angry.(白云区)A.whomB.whatC.whoD.which( )7、his friend Keithwas a bus in essma n supported him.(一中)A.whichB.whoC.whomD.whose( )8、She put on a pile of long necklacesher grandm

27、other had given her to play with.(二中)A.whoB.whatC.whichD.whose()9、Eat ing at restaura nt has n't always bee n known as the best choice for peopleare trying to keep ahealthy diet.(七中)A.whichB.whoC.whomD.they()10、A personcares for others is popular everywhere.(育才实验)A./B.whichC.whatD.who()11、Ma'

28、;s hero is Forest Gump13 never gives up.(番禺华附)A.whatB.whichC./D.who( )12、Levis Strauss- a n ame that now is famous was the maninven ted jea ns.A.whatB.whereC.whoD.which( )13、George ' s grandma was a womanwas always complaining about something or other. (2017中考)A. whoB.whichC.whereD.whe n区分定语从句和宾

29、语从句:主要区别是位置和作用不同从句的类型是由从句的位置或者说从句起的作用决定的。从句放在宾语的位置、起宾语的作 用就是宾语从句；放在名词/代词之后、起定语的作用就是定语从句（修饰名词/代词的词叫定 语，修饰名词/代词的从句就叫定语从句）。eg: I don't know why he was late.我不知道他为什么迟到了。（why he was late放在了 know之后，占了动词know的宾语的位置，所以叫宾语从句。）I don't know the reas on why he was late.我不知道他（为什么）迟到的原因。（why he was late放在了

30、 the reason之后，是用来修饰 the reason的，也就是the reason的定语， 所以叫定语从句。）同样是这个从句，只因为位置不同、作用不同，类型也就不同了。如果是Why he was late is still unknown.那why he was late就叫主语从句了（因为它放在了 is之前，占了 is的主语的位置）。Could you please tell me something abouwhat you did last weekend ?这个句子中what.放在了 about之后，about是介词，后面要加宾语，what从句占了介词about 的宾语的位置，

31、那就是宾语从句。【巩固练习】真题（60 分）t be broke n dow n by n ature.I. But huma ns have created thi ngs like plastic bagscanA. who B. which C. how D. Where2. Whe never he was late he could find ple nty of excusessoun ded reas on ableA. who B. where C. whenD. which3. But in Japan, only romantic partners come togethe

32、r,while in America it can be shared by anyoneis close, friend or lover.t n eed one.A . whom B. who C . whose D. which4.But Harry,lived n ext door to Jack, said he did nA. whichB. whoseC. thatD. who5. The storyI read in the n ewspaper was about a com mon problem among tee nagers.A whoseB whoC that6.

33、I still remember the parkwe first met.A thatB whichC where7. The moviewe saw last ni ght was fan tastic.A. thatB. what8. Do you kn ow of Guo Min gyi?Yes. He is an ordinary（普通的）worker D whereD whe nC. whoseD. Whohelps many poor children in China. We should follow hisexample.A. thatB. whichC. whomA. t

34、hatB. which C. where ' D. what10. Teen agers like readi ng the booksare writte n by Guo Jin gji ng.A. whoB. what C. whose D. that11. Do you know the manis sta nding at the door?Yes, I do. He's a friend of.A. whe n; IB. who; mi neC. that; meD. which; my12. She is the girl invention got the fi

35、rst prize in the school competition .A . whoB . thatC. whichD. whose13. I ' II remember the old buildin I visited in the village.A. whereB. whichC. who14. A friend is someonesays, "What! You too? I thought I was the only one!A. whoB. WhichC. WhatD. whose15. Lin da, cm you tell me someth ing

36、 about Mo Yan?Sure. He is the writerwon the Nobel（诺贝尔）Literature Prize.A. whichB. whose C. whoD. whom16. A Wechat （微信）is an inventioncan help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.A. which B. who C. whoseD /17. I like the carto onhas a happy ending and makes me.A. which; to

37、laughB. that; to laugh C. whose; laugh ingD. which; laugh18. Being blind is somethingmost people can' t imagine.A. whoB. whatC. thatD. whom19. Excuse me, Could you tell ? Yes. Go along this street and you will find it on your left.A. where is the museumB. which is the way to the museumC. how far is the museumD. how can I get to the museum20. People are talk ing about the old housesJackie Chan bought in An hui twenty years ago.A. whichB. where C. whoD. whe n21. Do you know Mo Ya n? Of course. He is th