状语从句用法讲解和练习

1、实用标准文档第章状语从句学习指导状语从句在句子中作状语，用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词。 现分别列举如下：状语从句分九类:从句种类主要从属连词1 时间状i幵从句when, while, as, before, after, until, till, whenever2条件状语从句if, uni ess3目的状语从句in order that, so that4结果状语从句so that, such

2、 that, so that, so5原因状语从句because, as, since6让步状语从句although, though, even though(if), while7方式状语从句as if, as though8地点状语从句where, wherever9比较状语从句than, as在这一章节的学习中，要求同学们掌握各类状语从句基本概念，并能够灵活应用第一节时间状语从句1 时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。连接时间状语从句的连接词有：when （当的时候）while （当的时候），as （当.的时候）,once （ 旦），till （ unti 1）（-直到 9 直到才）,by

3、 the time （到时）as soon as（一就）the moment （就） since （自从）before （在H1/）after （在后）2when , while , as均可表不"当的时候"owhen强调“特定时间”，表示主句谓语动词的动作与从句谓语动词的动作是同时发生的，或从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前;语中，强调“同一时间”或“一前一后”,有时还有“随着”的含义。I*11 go on with the work whe n工作。/ come back tomorrow我明天回来后会继续做我的When spri ng came, he felt like

4、 a trip.春天来了，他想去旅游。As spri ng warms the good earthall flowers beg in to bloom（有“随着”的含义）as, when, while 都表不主、从句的动作或状态同时发生，但二者也有区别。as 和when引导的从句既可表示一点时间，也可表示一段时间，从句中的谓语动词既可以是持续性动词,也可以为短暂性动词，经常可以互换使用；while引导的从句通常表示一段时间，从句中宜用持续性动词作谓语。当从句中的谓语动词为持续性动词时，这三者可以通用（前而例句中己有体现），再如：Mother was worried because litt

5、ie Alice was ill, especially as / whe n / while fatherwas away in France.妈妈担心，因为小艾丽思病了，特别是当父亲远在法国的时候。如果从句和主句要表示一个人的两个动作交替进行或同时完成时，则多用as,可译为“一边，一边”。例如：He looked beh ind from to time as he wentAs time goes on, it s getting warmer and warmer他一边走，一边不时地往后看。随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖了。I thought of it just as you op

6、e ned your mouth.你一张嘴我就知道你要说什么O（若表示while表示的时间是一段，而不是一点，费多用在口文案大全两个短促动作几乎同时发生时，用 as的场合多于when.）当主从句之间表示转折或对比关系时，多用while,不用 as 或wheno如:She thought I was talk ing about her daughter, while in fact, I was talk ing about mydaughter.她以为我在谈论她女儿，而事实上，我在谈论我的女儿。如果表示从句的动作在主句的动作之前”或之后”发生时，多用when （二after ），不用as或w

7、hileo此外,when还含有at that moment ”的意思(=and then ),引起的句子不能放在句首，也不能用as, whik来替换。例如:He was about to leave whe n the teleph one ran g.他正要离开，忽然电话铃响了。We were watchi ng TV whe n sudde nly the lights wen t out.我们正在看电视，突然灯灭ToThey had just arrived home whe n it bega n to rain.他们刚至U家，天就开始下雨了。3 . till / until,表示一直

8、到”，主从句都用肯定式；表示直到从句肯定。He worked un til it was dark.他一直工作到天黑。才”，主句否定,He did not get up till his mother came in.一直到母亲进来他才起床。4 once " 旦” ,by the time 至UOnce you see her, you will find what I said is true.-旦你见到她就会发现我说的是对的。by the time+现在时，主句用将来完成时。By the time he arrives, we will already have left her

9、e儿了。by the time+一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。By the time he arrived, we had already left here等他到达时，我们将己离开这他到达的时候我们早己离开这儿了。5 as soon asthe moment表示从句动作一发生,As soon as I finish the work, I 11 go to see you.She came to the see ne the mome nt she heard the n ews.主句动作随即发生，通常译为我一完成工作就会来看你。她一听到消息就来到现场。前"9 after 在6 s

10、ince H 从 ”， before 在后"9 It was not long before 意为“不久” Osince引导从句用非延续性动词或过去时间点”或过去时间段+ag。”，主句用完成时"态。Since he graduated, he has worked in this city.他 毕业后-直在这个城市丄作。I have n t see n him since last year/ three years ago.去年以来 /3 年来，我没见过他选出最佳答案1) he was liste ning to the music, Joh n fell asleep.

11、A. AfterB BeforeC. WhileD As soon as*2)How did you try to getto school on timeyou missed the school bus.A. whe nB howC whyD. that3) He was riding to schoolhe was hit by a car this morningA whileB whe nC. asD. so4) Lucy knew nothing about ith er sister told her.A. becauseB un tilC. ifD since5) The po

12、liceman asked the childcross the streetthetraffic lights turned gree n.A. not; whe nB don't; beforeC n ot to; un tilD not to; since6) The bookwas so in terest ingthat he had read itfor three hourshe realized it.A. whe nB afterC un tilD before7)w e had seen all the animals, we went home.A. ThenB

13、AfterC ThoughD. While8) She has mademany friendsshe came to our school.A. beforeB afterC si neeD un til9)How long has the weather been like this?A. Un til last nightB Ever since last ni ghtC Two days agoD Two days later10) My uncle went to Australia last year We have n t see n himA. since almost a y

14、earB from almost a year onC after almost a yearD since almost a year ago11) He was so tired that he fell asleephe went to bedA as ifB even thoughC ever sinceDassoon as12)I knew nothing aboutthe accidentmy friend toldme yesterday.A. becauseB sinceC un tilD.after13)I did n't man age todo ityou had

15、 expla inedhow.A. un tilB sinceC whileD.afterKeys 】1) C 2) A 3) B 4) B 5) A 6) D 7)B8) C 9) B 10) D11) D 12) C 13) A第二节条件状语从句1 条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。引导条件状语从句的连词有:if 如果；unless 除非，如果不；on condition that条件是；as long as只要2 .表示正面的条件用if “如果” oIf you don t look after young trees, they will die very quickly.If the

16、 museum charges for en try, a lot of people won' t be able to visit it.3 .表不否定的条件用 uniess （ =if. . not） 除非，如果不"。I shall not go to the cin ema uni ess I finish my homework before eight说明：辻not常可以用unless替代。If you don ' t study hard, you will fail in the examYou will fail in the exam uni es

17、s you study hard4 .表示使某事成为现实必要的条件用on condition that条件是”，as long as '只要”。You may go swimming on condition that you don* t swim too far away from the river bankAs long as you don't study hard, you will fail in the exam.5.祈使结构表条件。前半部分的祈使结构相当于if条件句，可用动词或名词开头；后半部分的简单句常用一般将来时，有时也用一般现在时。此句型与条件状语从句形

18、成同义结构。1）祈使句（，）+and/then+简单句=> f从句（否定式）+主句（如果）给我一个支点，我Give me somewhere to sta nd, and I will move the earth便能掀动地球。I will move the earth.=If you give me somewhere to sta nd,One more word, and T 11 turn you out.你再多说一句，我就把你赶出去。=If you speak one more word,I will tur n you out.Use your head, then you&

19、#39; 11 find a way.动动脑子你就能找到办法。=If you use your head, you 11 find a way.2）祈使句（，）+or+简单句=> f从句（否定式）+主语Work even harder, or you will never pass the exam如果不加倍努力，你就永远无法通过考试。=If you don t work harder,you will n ever pass the exam.Stop telli ng lies,or you will be puni shed.如果你继续说谎，就会受到惩罚。=If you don&#

20、39;t stop telli ng lies, you will be puni shed.选择最佳答案填空1）Would you like to go to the park with me,Susan?I'd like to,_ou don t want togo alone.A. un tilB. beforeD.after2) Tomorrow we*11 go to the city parkit is sunny.A. as soon asB. whe nD. as3) All of us will be happy you can come with us.A. whi

21、leC butD. or4) Nobody can learn English well you work hard on it.A. ifB uni essC whe nD.5) The sports meet will continueit rains this after noon.A. ifB sinceC as soon asD.un lessKeys 1) C 2) C 3) B 4) B 5) D第三节原因状语从句和地点状语从句1 原因状语从句弓I导原因状语从句的连词有:because, for, since, as, now thatwhy,语气1）because意为因为”,表

22、示直接的原因或理由，着重点在从句，用于回答 最强。He is abse nt today because he is ill.I did n t go out because I was busy with homework他今天缺席，因为彳有出去，因为我忙于家庭作because of=for （ 介 i司）o由于天气的原因，我们来不了。她因为待在医院，显得好多了。业。有时，可用because of后接名词或代词表Z5原因,此时We won' t be able to come because of the weatherShe was look ing all the better

23、for her stay in hospita12) for意为“因为”,引导的从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供补充说明，且不可位于主句前。for前往往用逗号或分号与主句分开，引起的从句对主句加以解释。我没有去看他，因为在下大雪。The days were short, for it was now December.口天短了，因为现在己经是十二月了。We must begi n pla nning now, for the future may bring un expected cha nges.我们必须现在就开始筹划，因为将来可能会发生意想不到的变化。有时，for引起的从句并不

24、表示原因，而是表示一种推断或解释，而because则不能Some one in the house must be ill, for a doctor has just come out.房子里一定有人病了，因为有个医生刚刚出来。3) since意为“既然”.“由于”，一般表示对方己知的.无需加以说明的既成事实的理由(如果从句表示的原因不是确定的事实，就不能用since, 通常用because) oSi nee you are goi ng, I will go too.既然你要走，我也走了。Si nee you are ill, T 11 go alo ne.由于你病了，我就一个人走了。4)

25、 as意为“由于”，表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系，着重点在主句，语气较弱。As it is snowing, weshall not go to the park.由于正在下雪，我们就不去公园了。He had to apologize,as he knew he had made a mistake.他必须道歉，因为他知道I did n* t go to see him, for a heavy snow was falli ng.他错了。由表示的原因语势最弱，常用于口语。5) now that意为"既然",有时可将that省去,含乂与si nee接近。区别在于:s

26、ince表 不原先己存在的情况,ifU now that表不现在才发生的情况。Now that it has stopped rainin g, let* sstart at o nee.既然现在雨停了，咱们马上开始吧！Now that you have come, you may as wellstay.既然来了，你最好还是待在这儿。2 地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词有:where, wherever, any where, everywhere把它放在你看得见的地方。Put it where you can see it. ni find不管他在哪里我都要找到他。You should

27、put the book where it was.你应该把书放在原来的地方。不论你到哪里都要把工作做好。there are many famous museumsWherever you go, you should do your work well.选择最佳答案1) I hope to go to France some daythere.A. thoughB uni essC becauseD.whererd love to, I can" t.2) Would you like to go to the concert with me?I have a lot of hom

28、ework to do.A. and; BecauseB but; BecauseC so; AndD.and;so3) Jim has been in the factory for two years he left school.D.A. whe nB sinceC as soon aswhether4) Jack was very tired he played tennis all after noon.A. ifB as soon asC becauseD.before5) You'd better come back earliergetting colder.A. as

29、B andD.or6) Jane wore a rain coatit was raining.A. soB butC howeverbecausegave his life for his7) The Italian boy was regarded as a hero he coun try.实用标准文档文案大全A. accord ing toB. because ofC on acco unt ofD.becauseKeys 1) C 2) B 3) B4) C 5) A 6) D7) D第四节让步状语从句1 引导让步状语从句的连词有:although, while, even thou

30、gh, even if, whether (or not),用 no matterwh"/how 弓 | 导2 although /though 虽然"oAlt hough I didnt know anybody Et the party, I had a very good time.上的客人我一个也不认识，但我玩得很愉快。虽然晚会注意“ althoughbut ”是个典型的错误,因为but是并列连词，不能与从属连词although 连用。但是，although 可与 yet , still 连用，因为 yetstill是副词，它可使前后关系更明确。3. while意为

31、"然而”。1）while用于对照，说明两种情况相反，意为“然而，但是”。Tom is very outgoi ng, while Jane is shy and quiet.汤姆性格外 而简却腼腆安静。While I was readi ng, he was play ing.我在读书，而他在玩。2）while意为“虽然，尽管”，同although ,此时从句和主句的主语往往为同一人或物。While she liked cats o she never let them come into her room.虽然她善欢猫，但她从不让猫进她的房间。4 . even if “即使”（if

32、后陈述的是假设）；even though “尽管”（though后陈述的是事实）orm goi ng to apply for the job, eve n if it pays very lit tie.即使报酬不高，我也要去申请那份工作。He is an hon est man, I say, even though I have opposed him我说他是个诚实的人,尽管我反对过他。C sinceD though无论是否下雨，我都要外出游玩无论胜败，我们都会尽最大努whether作"是否”解时则不能。无论明天是否下雨，他们都要出去。你能告诉我明天是否下雨吗？no matte

33、r who无论谁，no matter which无论哪-no matter what 无论A. becauseB and5 whether * * * (or not)无论是或是'Whether it rains or no t, I shall go out for an outi ng.Whether we win or lose, we are going to do our best力。注意whether作“无论”解，用现在时表将来；They'11 go out whether it rains or not tomorrowCan you tell me whethe

34、r it will rain or not tomorrow?6 用no matter+ wh- / how的词引导，意为"无论"。什么,no matter whe n尢论刑呵， no matter where论怎样No matter who you are, you must obey the Iew.It has the same resuIt no matter which way you do it.一样。No matter how cold it is, she often goes swimming无论哪里， no matter how 无无论你是谁，你都应当遵

35、纪守法。无论用什么方法来做，结果都无论有多冷，她总是常去游泳。选择最佳答案填空1)he's old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. ThoughB Si neeC ForD.So2)Excit ing.one piece of the musicwas n't played quite well.A. soB t houghC becauseD.and3)Shall we go on work ing?How do you like the con cert give n by the "Foxy Ladies"?

36、Yes,I prefer to have a restA. whe nB. ifC becauseD though4)Doctor Li went to see the patientwas raining heavily.5) This dress was last year* s style.I think it still looks perfect it has gone out this year.A. so thatB even thoughC as ifD ever since6) No matterbusy he is, hewon' t give up his hob

37、byA. whereB howC whatD whohard I try.7) I n ever seem to lose any weight,A. even thoughsinceB no matter howD ever8) No matter you come, you are welcome.A. howB whereC whe nD what9) Though it'sraining,are still working inthe fieldsA. theyB but theyC.and theyD so they10) Nobody believedhimw hat he

38、 saidA. eve nthoughBinspiteC no matterD. con traryto11) what may happen, I won't change my mind.A. Even ifmatterB AlthoughC PerhapsD. No【Keys】8) C 9) A 10) C 11) D2. 1) A 2) B 3) D 4) D 5) B 6) B 7)B第五节目的状语从句结果状语从句和比较状语从句经典剖析1 .引导目的状语从句的连词有：in order that 目的是为了， so that ,以便以in order that , so tha

39、t引导的目的状语从句谓语通常用may, might加动词构成，也可用can/ could或will / would加动词构成。He works hard in order that he can serve his country well.他努力工作, 目的是为了A. becauseB andC sinceD though能更好地为国家服务。They started early so that they might arrive in time.他.们很早出发，以便按时至U达。注意“G+动名词”不用于表目的，但for+名词”可用于表目的。Write it in simple English

40、to make （不能用 for making）everybody understand.为了能让每个人都理解，请用简单的英语写。Better get up early for the early trai n.为了能赶上早班火车，请早一点起床。2 引导结果状语从句的词:so that以致,sothat如此以致，such* that如此这个箱子是如此重,他做了个错误的决（以至于）无人能以致He made a wrong decisi on, so that half of his property was lost.定，以至于他丢失了一半的财产。The box is so heavy that

41、 n obody can move it.移动它。It is such a heavy box that n obody can move it.这个箱子如此重，（以至于）无人能移动它。注意sothat既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句，其区别在于：引导结果状语从句时通常用逗号同主句分开。3 引导比较状语从句的词有:than 比，as-*-as 像样,not so as 不像一样the more the more 越越”I kn ow you better tha n he doesWe walked as fast as we couldThe work is n ot so eas

42、y as you thought.Nothi ng is so precious as health我比他更了解你。我们尽可能地快步行走。这工作没有你想的那么简单。没有什么能像健康一样珍贵。你越努力学习，进步就越The harder you study, the greater progress you will make.大。针对性练习1 选择最佳答案填空：1） rll leave him a note he' 11 know where we are.实用标准文档A so thatforB. so asC in orderD.2) The question was difficul

43、t that nobody could answerA very; themB very; itC so; themD so;it3) Mike isboy that we all like himA. a good soB so good aC a such goodDsuch good a4) They werebusy studying they could n't go to therestaura nt with us.A. so; thatB.such; asenough;as5)It wasthathe had to ask for help.C very; thatD.

44、文案大全A. so difficult workC such a difficult workA. in order thatB becauseC so as toD. inorder to7) Robert is good at languages,e all know.A. becauseB forCasB so difficult a workD such a difficult job6) He started earlyhe could get there before nine.since8) It lookss going to rain.A. thatthatB. asD.【K

45、eys 11) in order that 2) so that 3) so. that 4) so that 5) such that2.1)A2) D 3) B 4) A 5) D 6) A 7) C 8) C状语从句专练I 选择填空:no room on it.1. The man can t get on the bus because thereA. wasB. isC areD. were2.I was liste ning to the musicthere was a knock at the door.3.A. while B. whe nC. becauseD. un ti

46、lYou may leave the classroom whe n youwriti ng.D. had4.I don t know if hetomorrow, if he,1A. will come, comesB.comes, comes11 meet him.C. will come, will comeD.come,will comeA. will finish B. are finishing C. have fini shed fini shed5.I read, the more I un dersta nd.A. The moreB. So muchC. How muchW

47、ould you give Joh nny this letter6.this week.A. will happe7. She was busy,B. happenshe couldif youto see himD. ForC. are happe nedn 't go to your birthday party lastD. happenedn ight.A. andB. soCorD. but8. En glish isa useful la nguageit is spoke n in manycoun tries of the world.A. so thatB. suc

48、h thatC.becauseD. suchbecauseso9. You will not succeeded if youA. will workB. won ' t workharder.C. workD. don10. Write clearlyyour teacher can un dersta nd youcorrectly.A. sinceB. forC. because D. so that11.he failed , he went on doing the experime nt.实用标准文档A. had B. had had C. were having D.wo

49、uld have His brother has worked13.t herehe left school.7.A. when B. after C. sinceThe boy didn ' t stop talkingA. when B. until C. after D. becauseD. untilthe second bell rang. I came into the office, the teacher were having a meeting.A. While B. When C. Once D. SinceI was about to leave my house A.the t el ephone rang.while B. as C. when D. s