对“高考阅读理解”的思考和总结英语教学课件PPT

1、The world is but a little place after all.What we do willingly is easy.Believe in God but dont forget to lock the door. 有缘千里来相会。有缘千里来相会。 愿者不难。愿者不难。 相信上帝但是出门时别忘了锁门相信上帝但是出门时别忘了锁门 。阅读（阅读（reading for information)+理解（理解（understanding)考试大纲考试大纲对英语高考阅读理解的要对英语高考阅读理解的要求是：理解主旨和要义；理解文中求是：理解主旨和要义；理解文中具体信息；根据上下文推

2、断生词的具体信息；根据上下文推断生词的词义；做出简单判断和推理；理解词义；做出简单判断和推理；理解文章的基本结构；理解作者的意图、文章的基本结构；理解作者的意图、观点和态度。观点和态度。干扰项的设置通常有以下几种方干扰项的设置通常有以下几种方式：式： 张冠李戴张冠李戴 偷梁换柱偷梁换柱 无中生有无中生有 以偏概全以偏概全 阅读理解解题策略阅读理解解题策略第一、细节理解型第一、细节理解型“鹦鹉学舌鹦鹉学舌”第二、词义猜测型第二、词义猜测型“瞻前顾后瞻前顾后”。 第三、推理判断型第三、推理判断型“去伪存真去伪存真”。 第四、选择标题、主旨大意型第四、选择标题、主旨大意型“切切中主题中主题”。 On

3、e day, I told my mother Id changed my mind. I didnt want to make a success in the magazine business.“If you think you can change your mind like this,” she replied, “you will become a good-for-nothing.” She insisted that, as soon as school was over, I should start ringing doorbells, selling magazines

4、. Whenever I said no, she would scold me.What did the mother do when the boy wanted to give up?A. She forced him to continue. B. She punished him.C. She gave him some money. D. She changed her plan.A 此题型最普遍的此题型最普遍的特征特征是题干中的某些词语是题干中的某些词语和表达方式与原文的词语和表达方式相吻和表达方式与原文的词语和表达方式相吻合，因此一般采用合，因此一般采用寻读法寻读法，即先读题，

5、然，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。对比，找出答案。 A childs birthday party doesnt have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun.What does the underlined word “hassle” (paragraph 1) probably mean?A. a party designed by specialists B .a plan requiring car

6、eful thought C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble D. a demand made by guestsC 作答此类题目时，可以根据定义、作答此类题目时，可以根据定义、举例猜测词义，也可根据对比、比举例猜测词义，也可根据对比、比较关系猜测词义，或者根据因果关较关系猜测词义，或者根据因果关系及根据说明、并列、同义近义、系及根据说明、并列、同义近义、反义等关系猜测词义，通过构词法、反义等关系猜测词义，通过构词法、生活常识也是一种很好的办法。生活常识也是一种很好的办法。 Annealing is a way of making meta

7、l softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly. If metal is heated and then cooled very quickly, for example by dipping it in water, it will be very hard but also very brittle-that is, it will break easily. Metal that has been annealed is soft but does not break as easily. It is possibl

8、e to make metal as hard or as soft as it is wished, by annealing it. The metal is heated, and allowed to cool slowly for a certain length of time. The longer the heated metal takes to cool slowly, the softer it becomes. Annealing can also be used on other material, such as glass.As suggested by the

9、text, how can glass be made less brittle（脆弱的）（脆弱的）?A. It can be heated and then cooled quickly.B. It can be cooled and then heated slowly.C. It can be heated and then cooled slowly.D. It can be cooled and then heated quickly.C例：例：Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letti

10、ng it cool very slowly. If metal is heated and then cooled very quickly, for example by dipping it in water, it will be very hard but also very brittle-that is, it will break easily. Metal that has been annealed is soft but does not break as easily. It is possible to make metal as hard or as soft as

11、 it is wished, by annealing it. The metal is heated, and allowed to cool slowly for a certain length of time. The longer the heated metal takes to cool slowly, the softer it becomes. Annealing can also be used on other material, such as glass. 解决此类题的关键是解决此类题的关键是“去伪存真去伪存真”，排排除除看似正确却不符合题意的选项。阅读看似正确却不符

12、合题意的选项。阅读的目的主要是掌握有关或相关的信息，的目的主要是掌握有关或相关的信息，在阅读过程中我们需要根据文字所提供在阅读过程中我们需要根据文字所提供的事实或线索的事实或线索进行进行一番一番逻辑推理逻辑推理才能掌才能掌握作者握作者虽末提及虽末提及但但确实存在确实存在或很或很可能发可能发生生的事情。的事情。 You dream each night, even though you may not remember your dreams. While you dream your eyes move and your heart beats faster. Even your brain-

13、wave pattern changes. Some scientists think that dreaming is important for the sake of health. They claim that without dream, people would go crazy. Q: What does the passage mainly tell us?A. How people stay healthy B.How sleep is necessary C. Why dreams are important D. When people remember their d

14、reamsTopic Sentence: Some scientists think that dreaming is important for the sake of health Reading is the key to school success and, like any skill it takes practice. A child learns to walk by practicing until he no longer has to think about how to put one foot in front of the other. A great athle

15、te practices until he can play quickly, accurately(精确), without thinking. Tennis players call that “ being” in the zone.” Educators call it “ automaticity (自动). Q: The first paragraph tells us _. A. what automaticity is B. how accuracy is acquired (获得) C. how a child learns to walk D. how an athlete

16、 is trained. Topic Sentence:Educators call it “ automaticity 做这类题时常用做这类题时常用略读法略读法。文章的标。文章的标题是中心思想最精炼的表达形式，题是中心思想最精炼的表达形式，选择的标题意义选择的标题意义范围要能涵盖全文范围要能涵盖全文，不能太大也不能太小不能太大也不能太小。考生要特别。考生要特别留意。对选择标题类题，若遇到拿留意。对选择标题类题，若遇到拿不太准的情况时，可以自己思考一不太准的情况时，可以自己思考一下：下：“如果是我写这个题目，我会如果是我写这个题目，我会怎样写？怎样写？”。 教师点拨教师点拨习题讲解习题讲解阅读

17、试题高分关键：阅读试题高分关键： 提高阅读的提高阅读的速度速度，掌握正确的阅，掌握正确的阅读的方法。只有通过不断的实践，读的方法。只有通过不断的实践，练就一套切实可行的阅读技巧，练就一套切实可行的阅读技巧，才能不做文字的奴隶，达到与作才能不做文字的奴隶，达到与作者的心灵交流，提高读书的效益，者的心灵交流，提高读书的效益，提高考试得分。提高考试得分。各有利弊；有针对性地和有选择性阅读各有利弊；有针对性地和有选择性阅读文章肯定比漫无目的阅读文章的效率要文章肯定比漫无目的阅读文章的效率要高得多。高考中常见的阅读顺序：高得多。高考中常见的阅读顺序： Passage-Question-Passage,

18、Passage-Question-Passage, Question-Passage-Question, Question-Passage-Question, P-Q-PP-Q-P方式或方式或Q-P-QQ-P-Q方式的采用因人方式的采用因人而异，无优劣之分。当然，题型不同，而异，无优劣之分。当然，题型不同，解题的方法也应有所不同。解题的方法也应有所不同。 阅读速度：先读文章还是先读问题？阅读速度：先读文章还是先读问题？Passage-Question-passagePassage-Question-passage即先读文即先读文章，然后再查阅文章解答问题。其特点章，然后再查阅文章解答问题。其特点是是有利于有利于考生把握文章的考生把握文章的主旨主旨和和作者的作者的态度态度，有利于解答全局性问题、推理题，有利于解答全局性问