化工设计词汇

1、阀门vake杠杆重锤式lever and weight type引导阀操纵的安全泄气阀pilot operated safety valve复式安全泄气阀twin type safety valve罐底排污阀 flush-bottom tank valve电磁阀 solenoid valve, solenoid operated valve电动阀 electrically operated valve, electric-motor operated valve气动阀 pneumatic operated valve低温用 阀 cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀 stea

2、m trap机械式疏水阎mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀open bucket trap, open top bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀metal expansion steam trap液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀liquid expansion steam trap双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀bimetallic expansion steam trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pre

3、ssure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap（疏水阀用）放气阀(自动放气阀)air vent valve (automatic air vent valve)平板式滑动闸阀slab type sliding gate valve盖阀 flat valve换向阀 diverting valve, reversing valve热膨胀阀 thermo expansion valve自 动关闭 阀 self-closing gate valve自动排液阀 self-draining valve管道

4、盲板阀line-blind valve挤压阀squeeze valve（用于泥浆及粉尘等）呼吸阀 breather valve风门、挡板 damper减压阀 pressure reducing valve, reducing valve控制阀 control valve膜式控制阀 diaphragm operated control valve执行机构 actuator背压调节阀 back pressure regulating valve差压调节阀 differential pressure regulating valve压力比例调节阀pressure ratio regulating v

5、alve1.6.4未指明结构（或阀型）的阀切断阀 block valve; shut-off valve; stop valve调节阀 regulating valve快开阀 quick opening valve快闭阀 quick closing valve隔断阀 isolating valve三通阀 three way valve夹套阔 jacketed valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve排污阀 blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀 drain valve放空阀 vent valve卸载阀 unloading valve排出阀 discharg

6、e valve吸入阀 suction valve多通路阀 multiport valve取样阀 sampling valve手动阀 hand-operated valve; manually operated valve锻造阀 forged valve铸造阀 cast valve（水）龙头 bibb; bib; faucet抽出液阀（小阀） bleed valve旁路阀 by-pass valve软管 阀 hose valve混合阀 mixing valve破真空阀 vacuum breaker冲洗阀 flush valve第一道阀；根部阀 primary valve根部阀 root valv

7、e总管阀 header valve事故切断阀 emergency valve1.7 管道特殊件Piping Specialty1.7.1 管道特殊件（组件）粗滤器 strainer过滤器filter临时粗滤器（锥型）temporary strainer （cone type）y 型粗滤器 y-type strainerT 型粗滤器 T-type strainer永久过滤器 permanent filter丝网粗滤器 gauze strainer洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜 sight glass阻火器 flame arrester喷嘴；喷头 spray nozz

8、le取样冷去口器 sample cooler消声器 silencer膨胀节 expansion joint波纹膨胀节bellow expansion joint单波 single bellow双波 double bellow多波 multiple bellow压力平衡式膨胀节pressure balanced expansion带钱链膨胀节hinged expansion joint轴向位移型膨胀节axial movement type expansion joint自均衡膨胀节(外加强环)self-equalizing expansion joint带接杆膨胀节tied expansion

9、joint万向型膨胀节universal type expansion joint球形补偿器ball type expansion joint填函式补偿器slip type (packed type) expansion joint单向滑动填料函补偿器single actionpacked slip joint1.7.2 管道特殊元件 Piping Special Element软管接头 hose connection (HC)快速接头 quick coupling金属软管 metal hose橡胶管 rubber hose挠性管 flexible tube鞍形补强板 reinforcing

10、saddles补强板 reinforcement pad特殊法兰 special flange漏斗 funnel排液环 drip ring排液漏斗 drain funnel插板blank垫环 spacer8 字盲板 spectacle blind; figure 8 blind限流孔板 restriction orifice爆破片 rupture disk法兰盖贝占面 protective disc费托立克接头 victaulic coupling1.8 端部连接 End Connection法兰端 flanged end坡口端 beveled end (BE)对焊端 butt welded

11、end平端 plain end (PE)承插焊端 socket welding end螺纹端 threaded end (TE)承口 bell end焊接端 welding end法兰连接（接头）flanged joint对焊连接(接头)butt welded joint螺纹连接，管螺纹连接 threaded joint, pipe threaded joint锥管螺纹密圭旱连接 seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint承插焊连接(接头) socket welded joint承插连接(接头)bell and spigot joint环垫接头 ring joi

12、nt (RJ)万向接头 universal joint软钎焊连接(接头) soldered joint搭接接头，松套连接 lapped joint外侧厚度切斜角bevel for outside thickncss内侧厚度切斜角bevel for inside thickness内外侧厚度切斜角bevel for combined thickness法兰式的 flanged (FLGD)对焊的 butt welded (BW)螺纹的 threaded (THD)承插焊的 socket welded (SW)小端为平的 small end plain (SEP)大端为平的 large end p

13、lain (LEP)两端平 both ends plain (BEP)小端带螺纹 small end thread (SET)大端带螺纹 large end thread (LET)两端带螺纹 both end thread (BET)一端带螺纹 one end thread (OET)支管连接 branch connection焊接支管 branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe2管道用紧固件及螺纹2.1紧固件螺栓bolt六角头螺栓 hexagonal head bolt方头螺栓 square head bolt螺柱，双头螺栓 stud bolt环

14、头螺检eye bolt沉头螺栓 countersunk (head) screw地脚螺栓 anchor bolt; foundation bolt松紧螺旋扣(花篮螺丝) turnbuckleU形螺栓U-boltT形螺栓T-bolt圆头螺钉 round head bolt机螺栓，机螺钉 maehine bolt顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓 Jack screw自攻螺车丁 self tapping screw膨胀螺栓 expansion bolt粗制的 coarse精制的 finished, fine螺母nut六角螺母 hexagonal nut方螺母 square nut蝶形螺母wing nut扁螺母fl

15、at nut锁紧螺母lock nut垫圈 washer平垫圈 plain washer球面垫圈 spherical washer弹簧垫圈 spring washer方垫圈 square washer斜垫圈 slant washer销轴 pinned shan销pin开口销 cotter pin定位销 dowel pin带孔销 pin with hole圆锥销 taper pin娜钉rivet键key2.2螺纹左螺纹 left hand thread右螺纹 right hand thread管螺纹 pipe thread锥管螺纹 taper pipe thread直管螺纹 straight pi

16、pe thread梯形螺纹 trapezoid thread螺距 pitch of thread粗牙螺纹coarse thread细牙螺纹fine thread特细牙螺纹 extra fine thread通长螺纹full thread惠氏螺纹 whitworth thread公制螺纹 metric ibread美国标准锥管螺纹American standard taper pipe thread (NPT)螺孔tap3材料、型钢及填料3.1 金属材料3.1.1 黑色金属 Ferrous Metal碳素钢 carbon steel (CS)低碳钢 low-carbon steel中碳钢 med

17、ium-carbon steel高碳钢 high-carbon steel普通碳素钢general carbon steel优质碳素钢high-quality carbon steel普通低合金结构钢general structure low-alloy steel合金结构钢structural alloy steel合金车W alloy steel彳氐合金车W low alloy steel中合金钢 medium alloy steel高合金钢 high alloy steel耐热钢 heat resisting steel高强度钢 high strength steel复合车W clad

18、steel工具钢tool steel弹簧钢 spring steel电目车W molybdenum steel馍车W nickel steel铭钢 chromium steel铭电目车W chrome-molybdenum steel铭馍钢 chromium-nickel steel,chrome-nickel steel不锈钢 stainless steel (S.S.)奥氏体不锈钢Austenitic stainless steel马氏体不锈钢Martensitic stainless steel司特来合金(鸨铭钻台金)Stellite耐蚀耐热馍基合金Hastelloy铭馍铁合金incon

19、el耐热铭馍铁合金incoloy20 合金 20 alloy平炉钢(马丁钢)Martin steel镇静钢 killed steel半镇静钢 semi-killed steel沸腾钢 rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel锻车W forged steel铸钢 cast steel铸铁 cast iron (C.I.)灰铸铁 grey cast iron可锻铸铁 malleable iron (MI)球墨铸铁 nodular cast iron; nodular graphite iron生铁 pig iron熟铁，锻铁 wrought iron铸件 ca

20、sting高硅铸铁 high silicon cast iron3.1.2 镀层及制造方法渗铭钢，镀铭钢 chromized steel镀铭的 chromium-plated, chrome-plated镀层 plating锻造，型钢 swage锻造的，锻造 forging轧制 rolling热轧 hot rolling冷轧 cold rolling挤压 extruding冷加工 cold working热力口工 hot working拔制 drawing3.1.3 有色金属 Non-ferrous Metal铝 aluminum铜，紫铜 copper黄铜brass青铜 bronze铝青铜 a

21、luminum bronze磷青铜 phosphor bronze铝镁合金 aluminum magnesium镒青铜 manganese bronze蒙乃尔（注：馍及铜合金） Monel馍铜台金 nickel copper alloy非铁合金 nonferrous alloy钛 titanium铅 lead硬铅 hard lead3.1.4 材料性能极限强度 ultimate strength抗拉强度 tensile strength屈服极限yield limit屈服点 yield point延伸率 percentage elongation抗压强度 compressive strength

22、抗弯强度 bending strength弹性极限elastic limit冲击值 impact value疲劳极限fatigue limit蠕变极限creep limit持久极限 endurance limit布氏硬度 Brinell hardness洛氏硬度 Rockwell hardness维氏硬度 Vickers diamond hardness, diamond penetrator hardness蠕变断裂强度creep rupture strength断面收缩率 reduction of area韧性 toughess脆Tbrittleness延性 ductility冷脆 col

23、d shortness冷流 cold flow3.2 非金属材料 Non-metallic Material塑料 plastic丙烯睛一丁二烯一苯乙烯acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)聚乙烯 polyethylene (PE)聚氯乙烯 polyvinyl chloride (PVC)苯乙烯橡胶 styrene-rubber (SR)聚丁烯 polybutylene (PB)聚丙烯 polypropylene (PP)聚苯乙烯 polystyrene (PS)氯化聚醒 chlorinated polyether (CPE)聚酰胺 polyamide (PA

24、)聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate (PC)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)醋酸丁酸纤维素 cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)氯化聚氯乙烯 chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC)聚偏二氟乙烯polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)缩醛塑料 acetal plastic尼龙塑料nylon plastic聚烯煌 polyolefin (PO)石墨酚醛塑料 graphite phenolic plastics聚四氟乙烯 polytetrafluoroethylene

25、(PTFE)纤维增强热塑性塑料fiber reinforced thermoplastics热塑性塑料 thermoplastic热固性塑料 thermosetting plastics胶粘剂adhesive溶剂胶接剂 solvent cement树脂resin环氧树月旨 epoxy, epoxy resin聚酯树月旨 polyester resin聚酯纤维 polyester fibers氟塑料 fluoroplastics聚氨基甲酸酯 polyurethane丙烯酸树脂 acrylic resin月尿醛树脂 urea resin味哺树脂 furan resin乙烯丙烯二煌单体ethylen

26、e propylene diene monomer (EPDM)合成橡胶 synthetic rubber橡月里rubber丁睛橡胶 nitrile butadiene rubber氯丁橡胶 neoprene天然橡胶 natural rubber乙丙橡胶 ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)玻璃glass硼硅玻璃 borosilicate glass耐火科 fire brick陶瓷 ceramic搪瓷 porcelain enamel木材 wood3.3 型材型钢 shaped steel, section steel, swage角钢 angle steel槽钢 c

27、hannel工字钢 I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢wide flanged beamT型钢T-bar方钢 square bar扁钢 flat bar角钢 hexagonal steel bar圆钢 round steel; rod钢带 strap steel钢板plate网纹钢板 checkered plate腹板（指型钢的立板）web翼缘（指型钢的缘）wing3.4 填料及填料函填料 packing石棉绳 asbestos rope, asbestos cord .O 形环 O-ring自密封 self-sealing四氟带Teflon tap带铭馍合金丝的石棉绳asbestos rope w

28、ith inconel wire, inconel wire asbestos浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料Teflon impregnated asbestos packing金属填料 metallic stuffing填料箱，填料函 packing box, stuffing box填料函压盖 stuffing box gland4管道等级及材料统计4.1 管道材料规定Piping Material Specification管道等级 piping class; piping classification管道等级号 class designation公称直径 nominal diameter (D

29、N); nominal (pipe) size公称压力 nominal pressure (PN)压力级，等级，类别 class (CL)低压 low pressure (L.P .)中压 medium pressure (M.P .)高压 high pressure (H.P .)大气压 atmosphere (ATM)真空 vacuum工作压力 operating pressure; working pressure设计压力 design pressure工作温度 operating temperature设计温度 design temperature环境温度 ambient temper

30、ature腐蚀裕量 corrosion allowance管道附件 piping attachment管道元件 piping element壁厚 wall thickness (WT)壁厚系歹 U 号 schedule number (SCH. No.)加厚的，力口强的extra heavy, extra strong双倍加厚的，双倍加强的double extra heavy, double extra strong通用连接组 typieal installation分组(类)形式(如管道等级表)block form数据库data base文件file4.2 材料统计 Material Tak

31、e-off (MTO)汇总表 summary sheet材料表 bill of material (BM)综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheet (CPMSS)统计材料准确度accuracy of take-off材料情况报告 material status report (MSR)散装材料bulk material编位号的itemized代码 code number短代码 short code数量 quantity (QTY)重力 weight净重 net weight毛重 gross weight5设备布置及管道布置Plot Pl

32、an and Piping Layout,Equipment and Piping Arrangement5.1 设备名称 Equipment Name5.1.1 容器 Vessel塔 tower, column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷去哗 cooling tower精储塔 fractionating tower蒸储塔 distillation tower再生塔 regenering tower造粒塔 prflling tower汽提塔 stripper脱气塔 degasifier合成塔 synthesis tower(2)反应器 reactor聚台釜 polymeriz

33、er转化器，变换器 converter脱硫反应器 desulphurization reactor甲烷化器 methanator(3)气柜 gas-holder螺旋式气柜 helical gas-holder湿式气柜 wet gas-holder干式气柜 dry gas-holder(4)槽罐贮罐 tank; storage tank缓冲罐 knock out drum球罐 spheroid, spherical tank罐 drum接受槽 receiver计量槽 measuring tank加料槽feed tank排污罐 blow down tank闪蒸罐flash drum汽包 steam

34、 drum溶液贮槽 solution storage tank地下槽sloptank(5)其它设备分离器 separator旋风分离器 cyclone分子筛 molecular sieve脱氧器 deaerator搅拌器agitator干燥器 dryer混合器 mixer萃取器 extractor结晶器 crystallizer澄清器 gravity settler净化器purifier气化器 vaporizer吸附器adsorber融解槽melter减温器 desuperheater升压器 booster喷射器ejector喷头 sprayer火炬flare消声器 silencer(6)换热

35、器、加热器、冷却器换热器 heat exchanger空冷器 air cooler水冷却器 water cooler冷凝器 condenser螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger蒸发器 evaporator再沸器reboiler急冷器 quencher深冷器chiller预热器 preheater再热器 reheater加热器heater电加热器 electric heater过热器 super heater给水加热器 feed water heater中间冷却器inter cooler后冷却器after cooler5.1.2 工业炉及锅炉炉子 furnace

36、烧嘴burner锅炉boiler烟囱stack废热锅炉 waste heat boiler辅助锅炉 auxiliary boiler省煤器 economizer回热炉 direct-fired heater辐射段 radiant section对流段 convection section裂化炉 reformer焚烧炉 incinerator回转窑 rotary kiln炉管 furnace tube吹灰器 soot blower观察孔 observation door, peep door防爆explosion door5.2 辅助用房名称5.2.1 生产用房分析室 analyzer room

37、变压器室 transformer room配电室， 变电所 substation, switch room蓄电池室 battery room控制室 control room通风室 ventilating room贮藏室 storage room维修间 maintenance room办公室office5.2.2 生活用房更农室 locker room盥洗室，厕所 closet, lavatory, toilet5.3 图名管道布置平面piping arrangement plan (PAP)管道布置 piping layout轴测图 isometric drawing分区索引图 key pla

38、n初版设备布置图("A"版)preliminary plot plan ("A" issue)内部审查版设备布置图(" B"版)inrernal approval plot plan ("B" issue)用户审查版设备布置图(" C"版)owner approval plot plan ("C" issue)确认版设备布置图("D"版)confirm plot plan ("D" issue)研究版设备布置图("e”版)pl

39、anning plot plan ("E" issue)设计版设备布置图("F" ) designing plot plan ("F" issue)施工版设备布置图("G"版)construction plot plan ("G" issue)5.4 厂房、站、单元压缩机房 compressor house (room)泵房 pump house (room)洗眼站 eye washer station泡沫站 foam station软管站，公用工程站hose station (HS), uti

40、lity station成套设备 package unit设施 facilities罐区 tank yard空分装置 air separation facility5.5 设备布置设备位号 equipment item number工厂 plant工厂区界plant limit项目区界内侧inside battery limit (I.S.B.L.)项目区界 batterylimit (BL)区界 area limit区域边界 zone iimit界外 off site东 east (E)西 west (W)南 south (S)北 north (N)上up下 down工厂北向 plant n

41、orth真实北向 true north道路road小过道 cat walk, cat way走道，过道 walk way, gangway, access way污水坑(井) sump pit集水池 catch basin沟槽 through预留区trough场地 future area铺砌区 paving area非铺砌区 unpaved area碎石铺面 gravel paving橡皮车甫面 rubber paving面积，区域 area体积，容积 volume (VOL)5.6 管道布置管道设计 piping design 管道研究 piping study走向研究 routing st

42、udy重要管道 critical piping地上管道 above ground piping地下管道 under ground piping管网 network of pipes管廊 pipe rack管沟 piping trench管间品巨line spacing管道跨距 line span总管 header, manifold旁路 by pass排液drain放空vent上升管，垂直管 riser导管 canduit裸管 bare iine管件直接 fitting to fitting (FTF)管段，接口 spool piece, spool 取样接口 sampling connect

43、ion 集液包drip leg伴热管 tracing pipe蒸汽伴热 steam tracing热水伴热 hot-water tracing电伴热 electrical tracing夹套管 jacketed line, jacketed piping全夹套的full jacketed平面plan详图detail视图X view "X”“”剖视 A-A section "A-A"连接图 hook up drawing接续图 continue on drawing (COD)接续线 match line (M.L.)比例scale图例legend符号 symbol

44、管口表 list of nozzles方位 orientation管 口方位 nozzle orientation定位 location相交 intersection水平的 horizontal垂直的，立式的 vertical垂直，正交，垂直的 perpendicular平行，平行的 parallel水平安装 horizontal installation垂直安装 vertical installafion对称的 symmetric相反(的)，对面(的) opposite顺时针方向 clock wise逆时针方向 counter clock wise计算机辅助设计computer aided

45、design (CAD)5.7 图面标注绝对标高 abselute elevation海平面标高 over-sea mean level (OSL)标高，立面 elevation (EL)混凝土顶面 top of concrete架顶面 top of support (TOS)钢结构顶面 top of steel梁项面 top of beam (TOB)支撑点 point of suppon (POS)管顶 top of pipe (TOP)管底 bouom of pipe (BOP)沟底 boaom of trench管子内底 invert (inside bottom of pipe)底平

46、 flat on bottom (FOB)顶平 flat on top (FOT)工作点 working point (W.P .)面至面 face to face (F-F)中心至端面 center to end (C-E)中心至面 center to face (C-F)中心至中心，中至中 center to center (C-C)坐标 coordinate坐标原点 origin of coordinate出 口 中心线 center line of discharge入口 中心线 center line of suction中心线 centerline (CL)入 口 inlet, s

47、uction出 口 outlet, discharge排出 口 exhaust品巨离 distance5.8 相关专业的专业词汇5.8.1 工艺(1)图及表流程图 flow diagram工艺流程图 process flow diagram (PFD)管道及仪表流程图piping andinstrument flow diagram (PID)公用工程流程图utility flow diagram (UFD)管线表 line list; line schedule命名表；管道表 nomenclature设备表 equipment list (schedule)(2)流体 fluid空气air仪

48、表空气 instrument air工艺空气 process air低压蒸汽 low pressure steam中压蒸汽 medium pressure steam高压蒸汽 high pressure steam伴热蒸汽 tracing steam饱和蒸汽 saturated steam过热蒸汽 superheated steam氧气oxygen氢气 hydrogen氮气 nitrogen燃料气fuel gas天然气 natural gas火炬气 flare gas酸性气sour gas液化石油气 liquefired petroleum gas (LPG)氨气 ammonia gas冷却水

49、cooling循环水 circulating water锅炉给水 boiler feed water热水 hot water蒸汽冷凝水 steam condensate盐水brine工艺水 process water化学?5zK chemical sewage防腐剂 corrosion inhibitor重油 heavy oil石脑油 naphtha燃料油fuel oil润滑油 lubricating oil密封油 sealing oil冷冻剂 refrigerant载热体 heating medium溶齐ij solvent溶液 solution母液 mother liquor单体 mono

50、mer聚合物 polymer均聚物 homopolymer共聚物 copolymer工艺液体 process liquid工艺气体 process gas硫酸 sulphuric acid盐酸 chlorhydric acid石肖酸 nitric acid烧碱 caustic soda(3)流体特性 fluid characteristics蒸汽压 vapor pressure临界温度 critical temperature临界点 critical point临界压力 critical pressure比热 specific heat湿度 humidity密度 density比重 speci

51、fic gravity粘度 viscosity闪点 flash point融点 melting point凝固点 freezing point浓度 concentration爆炸极限 limit of explosion有毒的 toxic可燃的；易燃的 flammable(4)其它回收 recovery再生 regeneration循环 cireulatlon再循环；再生 recycle补充 make-up制备 preparation蒸汽吹扫 steaming out吹扫 purge抽空；排空 evacuation吹出 blow-off排污 blow down破真空 vacuum breake

52、r大气腿 barometric leg备用 stand-by化学?#洗 chemical cleaning净正吸入压头 net positive suction head (NPSH)进料feed 成品 product污染 contamination大气污染 atmospheric pollution环境温度 ambient temperature5.8.2 建筑、结构建筑物building钢结构 steel structure已有钢结构existing steel structure钢筋混凝土结构reinforced concrete construction楼面floor平台 platfo

53、rm (PF)地面 ground level栏杆 handrail楼梯 stair; stair way直梯ladder柱 column; post; stanchion基础 foundation; footing粱 beam斜撑；支撑 bracing桁架；主粱 girder构件 member隔墙 partition wall墙 wall篦子板 grate; grating吊装孔 erection opening吊梁 hoisting beam棚 shelter窗 window天窗 skylight门 door防火fire door地漏 floor drain防火层 fire-proofing

54、总图 general plot plan路肩 shoulder桩 pile灌浆 grouting风荷载wind load雪荷载 snow load动力荷载 dynamic load静荷载dead load活荷载live load风速 wind velocity主导风向 most frequent wind direction5.8.3 仪表盘（操作盘）panel就地盘 local panel仪表盘 instrument panel常开 normally open常闭 normally closed电缆槽（架） cable tray （channel）; cable rack仪表电缆槽（架） instrument cable tray （duct）压力计 manometer; pressure gauge热电偶 thermocouple温度计 thermometer液位计 level gauge玻璃液位计 gage glass温度计保护管 thermowell流量计 flow meter孔板 orifice变送器 transmitter