上海市九年级初三中考英语-句型转换专练

1、句型转换专练知识点 1：肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的转换做题技巧总结：把各种句式归为两大类：1 、含有 be 动词、助动词和情态动词的句子；2、只有行为动词的句子。总结：第1类句子，肯定句改为否定句时，一律在 be动词、助动词和情态动词后加“not”。改为一般疑问句时，一律将be动词、助动词和情态动前移到句首（首字母大写）。肯定回答用“ Yes”；否定回答用“ No”。“Yes”或“ No”后面的主语必须用代词， “No ”后面必须用否定缩略式。第 2 类句子必须借助助动词do/does/did 。改为否定句，在行为动词前加don't （一般现在时，主语是除第三人称单数之外的人称和数时

2、）；doesn't （一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时）；didn't （一般过去时态）。改为一般疑问句时，在句首加Do/Does/Did 。肯定回答用“Yes” ，后面动词用do/does/ did ；否定回答用“ No” ，后面动词用don't/doesn't/didn't 。知识点2：特殊疑问句的转换做题技巧总结：把句子转换为特殊疑问句，首先要确定划线部分的“疑问词” ，人、物、时间、地点、原因、数量等分别用： who, whom, whose, what, when, where, why, how, how many, how much, ho

3、w often, how old, how long 等。将相对应的疑问词放在句首，其余部分改为一般疑问句的形式，就是特殊疑问句。改完后要注意检查句首的首字母大写和句尾的标点符号。尤其注意：how many 对可数名词的量提问；how much 对不可数名词的量或者对重量提问；how often 对频率提问，需要与how many times 区分清楚； how many times 是对划线部分只有次数的情况下提问；how long是对时间段进行提问；而 how soon是对in+时间段提问，"多久”。这些考点是学生在做题过程中的易错点。知识点3：选择疑问句和反意疑问句的转换做题技

4、巧总结：改为选择疑问句时，只需注意根据句子的内容用“or ”连接两个并列的成分就可以了；反意疑问句的结构是“陈述句简短问句” ， 必须记住： “前面肯定；后面否定”和 “前面否定；后面肯定”的规律和简短问句的主语必须用代词的要求。知识点4:祈使句和感叹句的转换做题技巧总结：改为祈使句，必须记住：肯定的祈使句，是原形动词开头，否定的祈使句是“ Don't”开头，后跟原形动词。（主语是I或we时，句子开头用let me或let's）。改为感叹句，必须记住，强调的是名词，句首用 What, What后的名词前可以有形容词；强调的是形容词或副词， 句首用How,后面必须紧跟形容词或副词

5、。知识点5:主动语态变为被动语态做题技巧总结：准确判定句子成分，找出句中的主语和宾语谓语动词变为“be+动词的过去分词” 形式，这里的be除了与原句在时态上保持一致外，还要与句子的人称和数保持一致。知识点6:同义句转换同义句转换考察形式比较多样，可采用以下方法：（一）替代法 1、同义词（短语）2、反义词（短语）3、短语替代从句（二）合并法 1、并列连词2、从属连词3、直接引语变间接引语（三）转换法 1、句型转换2、语态转换（四）综述法做题技巧总结：用同义词、同义短语或反义词、反义短语等来替代原句中的有关部分，使改写后的句子与原句意思相符。1、用同义词（短语）替代1） My father and

6、 mother are judges.My parents are judges.2） We have friends all over the world.We have friends throughout the world.3） We had a good time at the party.We enjoyed ourselves at the party.4） 用反义词（短语）替代1） Don't forget to lock the door.Remember to lock the door.2） My radio doesn 't work well.Some

7、thing is wrong with my radio.3） Things weigh heavier on the earth than on the moon.Things are lighter on the moon than on the earth.3、用短语替代从句如果原句含有状语从句、宾语从句等，改写后的句子中可用介词短语或不定式短语等来替代。1) When he was tweke, Edison began working.At the age of tweke, Edison began working.2) We can't finish the work i

8、f you don 't help us.We can't finish the work without your help.(二)合并法1、用并列连词将两个单词合并为一个新的复合句或单句，句子仍保持原意。常用的并列连词有bothand,neithernor，not only but also，either- or等。1) France is in Europe. Sweden is also in Europe.Both France and Sweden are in Europe.2) He can't sing. He can't dance, eit

9、her.He can neither sing nor dance.2、用从属连词将两个单句合并为一个复句。常用的从属连词有sothat,so that- -, notuntil，as soon as, i等。1) The maths problem was very difficult. No one could work it out.The maths problem was so difficult that no one could work it out.2) The teacher came in. And then the students stopped talking.Th

10、e students did not stop talking until the teacher came in.3、直接引语变间接引语也用合并法。如果直接引语是陈述句或疑问句，变为间接引语时则要用连词(if / whether是否)；如果直接引语为祈使句则变为间接引语为tell/ ask/ order sb. (not) to do sth.形式。1) Have you ever been to China?” John asked Joan.John asked Joan if / whether she had been to China.2) Don't make faces

11、 in class!” the teacher said to the student.The teacher told the student not to make faces in class.(三)转换法通过能够表示同一意义的不同句型、句式的转换来达到改写句子的目的。1、句型转换 初中常见的几种转换句型有：sb. spend some time/money doing sth.与 It takes sb. some time/money to dosth.的转换；tooto与 sothatcan't do sth.的转换；too to与 not -enough to do st

12、h.的转换。1) I spent half an hour working out the maths problem.It took me half an hour to work out the maths problem.2) She was too frightened to_ say a word.She was _so frightened that she could not say a word.3) He is too_ young to_join the army.He is not old enough to join the army.2、语态的转换1) Tom inv

13、ited Mary to have dinner with him.Mary was invited by Tom to have dinner with him.2) She couldn ' t keep back her tears when Tom her model planes away.She couldn ' t help cryinhen her planes were taken away by Tom.(四)综述法通过在逻辑思维的基础上，对原句(一般是两个句子)的意思重新进行概括地表述。1) Tom's mother is fifty. Jack

14、's mother is fifty, too.Jack's mother is as old as Tom's.2) Xiao Ming was born in 1991. I was born in 1992.Xiao Ming is one year older than I.二、专题精讲例题 1: There is some milk in the glass.（改为否定句）答案： There isn't any milk in the glass. / There is no milk in the glass.解析：原句中含有 be动词，故否定形式在

15、 be动词后加not,此外除了要正确使用谓语动词的否定形式外，还要将句中的some变为any,将something变为anything o本题中还应注意 not any=no ,故答案可以有两种形式。例题 2： This dress cost her 90 yuan.（改为一般疑问句）答案：Did this dress cost her 90 yuan?解析：首先由原句中的主语this dress为第三人称单数和谓语cost判断出原句时态为过去时，所以改为一般疑问句应用did提问，cost原形与过去式一致。例题 3: The car hit the big tree yesterday.（改为

16、反义疑问句）答案： The car hit the big tree yesterday, didn ' jt ?解析：遵循反义疑问句"前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则，此句疑问部分用否定形式；原句谓语hit为一般过去时，所以正确答案为didn ' t?t例题 4： The TV play is really wonderful.（改为感叹句）答案：How wonderful the TV play is!解析：将陈述句变为感叹句先要确定用what还是how开头。如果强调部分的中心词是名词，就用 what;若是形容词或者副词，则要用 how。本句中主语前的词可判断出是形容词

17、，故用 how开头。例题 5: I collect toys because they are beautiful.（对划线部分提问）答案： Why do you collect toys?解析：“一定”、“二移（或加）”、“三变化”、“四删除”第一步“定”。就是根据划线部分的内容确定适当的疑问词。因为是对because引导的原因状语提问所以确定特殊疑问词为why。第二步“移（或加）就是将句子的结构改为一般疑问句形式。如果谓语部分含有系动词be,助动词do, will, have或情态动词时，则将这一类动词移至句首（主谓颠倒）；如果谓语动词是行为动词（实意动词）则需要在主语前添加助动词 do/

18、does/did。第三步“变化”，即对句子中某些词作相应的变化。除了将谓语动词变为原形动词外，还要注意将原句中首单词的首字母改为小写，将句中的 some变any,将句号改为问号等。第四步“删除”，就是去掉被疑问词替换的划线部分的词。例题 6：“Can you help me carry the heavy box upstairs? ” Mr. Whitesks.转换）答案： Mr. White asks If / whether I/we can help him carry the heavy box upstairs.解析：由于原句问句为一般疑问句，故变为宾语从句时应由if/whethe

19、r引导，由于主句中的asks为一般现在时，故原一般疑问句中的 can时态是不用变化的。三、专题过关1. He set the alarm clock for seven.（改成一般疑问句） he the alarm clock for seven?2. Susan has her piano lesson on Saturday afternoon.（改为般疑问句 ）Susan her piano lesson on Saturday afternoon?3. At the age of five, Martin weighed 25 kilos.（ 对画线部分提问） did Martin w

20、eigh at the age of five?4. The dictionary on that shelf is newly published.（对划线部分提问） is newly published?5. Nobody else in his class can speak English as fluently as he.（保持原句意思 ）He English fluently in his class.6. Put on your coat, or you'll catch a cold.（保持原句意思）you put on your coat, you'll c

21、atch a cold.7. She is tall and thin. She has long hair.（合并成一句）She is tall and thin girl long hair.8. Betty likes taking a bus to work. She likes taking an underground to work better.（ 合并句子 ）Betty taking an underground taking a bus to work.9. You must say something at the meeting.（改成否定句 ）You say at t

22、he meeting.10. The old man realized that too much salt was harmful to health.（ 改为否定句 ）The old man that too much salt was harmful to health.11. The water was so dirty that we couldn't drink it.（改成简单句）The water was dirty for us drink.12. The poor child was so lucky that she received many books fro

23、m Project Hope.（ 改为简单句 ）The poor child was to receive many books from Project Hope.13. Your dormitory is very bright （改成感叹句） your dormitory is!14. The new housing estate in the city center is very expensive.（改为感叹句） the new housing estate in the city center is !15. We must keep the noise under 50 dbs

24、（分贝）here.（改成被动语态） The noise must under 50 dbs here,16. We cannot drink the water in those lakes.（改为被动语态） The water in those lakes drunk.17. Tom didn't take part in the after-school activity yesterday.（ 改为反意疑问句 ） Tom didn't take part in the after-school activity yesterday,?18. Let's take

25、a picture in front of the fountain.（改为反义疑问句）Let's take a picture in front of the fountain,?Keys : 1-5 Did, he Does, have How much Which dictionary speaks, most6-10 if, don't a, with prefers, to mustn't, anything didn't realize11-15 too, to lucky enough How bright How expensive be kep

26、t16-18 can't be did he shall we四、学法提炼关于句型转换各种形式中应注意事项：1 .细审原题，弄清要求解题时首先应很好地审阅原题，对原题中的时态、主语、形式等认真加以解析，做到心中有数，明确解题要求。2 .上、下联系，抓住关键注意上、下句之间的联系，抓住关键部分，慎重检查改写后的句子中的词汇、时态、习惯用语等的变换是否正确。3 .对比原题和改写的句子上句子成分的异同，缩少所空处的范围。一、 能力培养能力1：掌握常考动词的过去式和过去分词的特殊形式AAA 型的动词：put, cut, let, cost, read, hit, hurtAAB 型的动词：be

27、at （跳动）-beat- beatenABB型的动词：hang （悬挂）-hung -hung lose （丢失）-lost -lostburn （燃烧）-burnt burnt mean （意思是）-meant -meant lay（放，搁下,产卵）-laid-laidABC 型的动词：choose （选择）-chose- chosenlie（躺，卧）-lay-lain能力2:掌握句型转换各形式方法和技巧，尤其是同义短语或句型的掌握 同义短语或句型总结：arrive in/at=get to=reach be full of=be filled with be busy doing sth

28、尸be busy with sth.catch up with=keep up withhave a good time=enjoy oneselfhear from=receive a letter from=have a letter from=get a help sb with sth=help sb to do sthlook out=be carefulprefer to=like better thantake care of=look afterwalk to=go to on foota bit=a little=a fewat once=right nowmore than

29、=over一、能力检测be able to=canbuy sb. sth.=buy sth. to sbdo well in=be good atgive sb.sth尸give sth.to sb.letter fromlike doing sth=like to do sthmake up one ' s mind to decide to doshow sb sth=show sth to sbthink about=think ofat last=in the end=finallya moment ago=just nowas soon as possible=as quic

30、k as possibleno longer=not any longer=no more=not amyore1. Tom goes to school on foot every morning.（ 改为否定句）【宝山】Tom to school on foot every morning.2. You' d better do your shopping online without visiting an actual shop.（改为否定句 ） 【虹口】You' d better your shopping online without visiting an act

31、ual shop.3. You' d better do your homework in a hurry.（改为否定句）【金山】You' d better your homework in a hurry.4. Sophie has a badminton lesson every Friday. （改为否定句）【普陀】Sophie a badminton lesson every Friday.5. Jack goes to the club to practice playing tennis every Saturday afternoon.（ 改为否定句 ）【松江】

32、Jack to the club to practice playing tennis every Saturday afternoon.6. Tom knows something about the players of our school football team.（改为一般疑问句 ） 【崇明】Tom anything about the players of your school football team?7. Susan played the violin in front of her schoolmates a week ago.（ 改为般疑问句 ） 【静安】 Susan

33、 the violin in front of her schoolmates a week ago?8. He put many flowers on the table.（改为一般疑问句）【浦东】he many flowers on the table?9. The government tried to find some ways to solve the pollution problem.（ 改为一般疑问句 ） 【嘉定】 the government _ _ to find some ways to solve the pollution problem?10. Jonny rea

34、d a lot of reviews on poems written by Shakespeare when he was in Britain.（改为一般疑问句）【闵行】Jonny a lot of reviews on poems written by Shakespeare when he was in Britain?11. People can get drinking water by taking away the salt from sea water.（ 对戈U线部分提问）【宝山】people get drinking water?12. He interviewed so

35、me neighbors of hers in order to get information对戈U线部分提问 ）he interview some neighbors of hers?13. Sir John Gurdon has been awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize in medicine or physiology for his work on cloning（ 克隆）.（对 划线部分提问）【虹口】Sir John Gurdon been awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize in medicine or physiology?14.

36、 Her family moved to Tokyo about ten years ago.（对划线部分提问）【虹 口】her family move to Tokyo?15. The boy goes to school on foot to save some money.（对划线部分提问）【金山】the boy go to school on foot?16. John' s told to be on time for the meeng.（改为反意疑问句）【宝山】John ' s told to be on time for the meeting,?17. You

37、r father has never been to Hong Kong.（改为反意疑问句）【虹口】Your father has never been to Hong Kong,?18. The government set up a new modern hospital for the farmers.（改为反意疑问句 ） 【金山】The government set up a new modern hospital for the farmers, ?19. Uncle Michael has been a professional F1 driver for many years.（

38、改为反意疑问句）【静安】Uncle Michael has been a professional F1 driver for many years,?20. There is little time left for us to work out a solution.（ 改为反意疑问句）【徐汇】There is little time left for us to work out a solution,?21. It was a very exciting week.（改为感叹句） 【宝山】 exciting week it was!22. Paul has made great pro

39、gress in chemistry this term. （改为感叹句） 【普陀】progress Paul has made in chemistry this term!23. The postman delivers letters in the late afternoon every day.（改为被动语态）【宝山】Letters by the postman in the late afternoon every day.24. Saint Claus hid the presents in the long stocking on Christmas Eve.（改为被动语态）【

40、奉贤】The presents in the long stocking on Christmas by Saint Claus.25. Some shop owners use Christmas songs during the festive season to make us more careless with our money.（ 改为被动 语态）【虹口】Christmas songs to make us more careless with our money during the festive season.26. I was the only person who wa

41、s invited to the party.（保持原句意思）【宝山】Nobody me invited to the party.27. The box on theshelf is so heavy that the boy can保持句意基本不变t carry it. （ ） 【奉贤】The box on theshelf isn _tfor the boy to carry.【奉贤】28. We will have abarbecue in the forest park if it doesn' t rOWHS WUiday.变）We will have a barbecue

42、 in the forest park it this Sunday.29. What would you like to ask besides this question? （ 保持句意基本不变） 【虹口】What would you like to ask to this question?30. The water is warm. The baby can take a bath in it. （ 两句合并为一句 ） 【宝山】 The water is for the baby to take a bath in.31. Lucy has been to Beijing. Mark

43、has been to Beijing as well. （ 合并为一句 ） 【奉贤】 Lucy and Mark been to Beijing.32. Mrs. Lin asked me " Have you finished drawing the picture?为一句）【静侵】 Mrs. Lin asked me I finished drawing the picture.Keys: 1-5 doesn t go not do not do doesn t have doesn t go6-10 Does know Did play Did put Did try Did

44、 read11-15 How can Why did Why has When did Why does16-20 isn t he has he hasn t it hasn t he is there21-25 What an What big are delivered were hidden were used26-30 except was light enough unless rains in addition warm enough31-32 Both and if/whether have三、能力点评学法升华1. 知识收获1）掌握句型转换各种变换形式的做题方法技巧2）掌握常见

45、同义词组和句型2. 方法总结1）熟悉句型转换常考形式并掌握各变换形式的做题要点2）注意细节，避免在时态、语态及主谓一致等方面出错3. 技巧提炼掌握句型转换常考考察形式和相应的短语、句型等的互换，做后日常的归纳总结工作。课后作业作业：句型转换专项练习否定句1. Tim had to lie down for a while to rest his legs.（改为否定句）【闸北】 Tim to lie down for a while to rest his legs.2. Peter went on a three-day study trip to Nanjing last month.（改

46、为否定句）【崇明】Peter on a three-day study trip to Nanjing last month.3. Many students in our school have already read the novels by Mo Yan.（改为否定句）【黄浦】Many students in our school have read the novels by Mo Yan.Keys: 1-3 didn't have didn't go not yet一般疑问句1. More and more animals will die if we don &

47、#39; t improve our environment. 为般疑问句 ） 【松江】 more and more animals if we don ' t improve our environment?2. My son used to do some reading before going to bed.（改为一般疑问句）【长宁】 your son to do some reading before going to bed?3. Use of computers spread rapidly during that period.（改为一般疑问句）【杨浦】 use of

48、computers rapidly during that period?Keys: 1-3 Will die Did use Did spread划线部分提问1. Teachers always encourage students to practice more after class.（对戈U线部分提问 ） 【静安】 teachers always encourage students to do?2. The new machine stayed underwater for three hours.（对划线部分提问）【普陀】did the new machine stay unde

49、rwater?3. Little Lucy has learnt to play the piano since she was five years 01d.（就划线部分提问）【徐汇】has little Lucy learnt to play the piano?4. Mr. Yellow has been to Germany twice.（对划线部分提问）【浦东】times has Mr. Yellow been to Germany?5. They surfed the Internet to gather some information about the earthquake.

50、（ 对戈ij线部分提问 ） 嘉定they surf the Internet?6. Isabelles grandmother used to go to chorchhe a week.（就划线部分提问）【闵行】14s grandmothgoiioechtorch? times a week did Isabelle7. My father will go to Hong Kong to attend a meeting in three days.（对划线部分提问） will your father go to Hong Kong to attend a meeting?8. Cormor

51、ant fishing is probably more than a thousand years 01d.（对划线部分提问）【闸北】 is cormorant fishing?9. Susan finished typing the letter the most quickly in her class.（对划线部分提问）【长宁】 Susan finish typing the letter in her class?10. People help the victims of the earthquake through the Red Cross.（对划线部分提问）【杨浦】peopl

52、e help the victims of the earthquake?11. Jack tried to wake up his wife by ringing the door-bell.（对划线部分提问）【崇明】Jack try to wake up his wife?12. I visit my grandparents with Mum and Dad once a week.（对划线部分提问）【黄浦】 do you visit your grandparents with Mum and Dad?Keys: 1-5 What do How long How long How ma

53、ny Why did6-10 How many How soon How old How did How do11-15 How did How often反义疑问句1. The shop owner was losing his customers because his staff worked slowly.（改为反意问句）【浦东】The shop owner was losing his customers because his staff worked slowly,?2. The professor will give us a lecture on the effect of

54、green house next Monday.（改为反意疑问句）【嘉定】The professor will give us a lecture on the effect of green house next Monday,?3. Sometimes best wishes hardly seem enough.（改为反意疑问句）【闸北】 Sometimes best wishes hardly seem enough,?4. Gary ' s parents seldom buy him namerand sports shoes.（改为反意疑问句 ） 【长宁】 Gary

55、9; s parents seldom buy him nambrand sports shoes,?5. Psy （鸟叔）won Time Magazine' s Person of the Year Award反意疑问句）【杨浦】Psy won Time Magazine ' s Person of the Year Award?6. My brother has never seen so much snow before.（改为反意疑问句）【崇明】My brother has never seen so much snow before,?Keys: 1-5 wasn&

56、#39;t he won't he do they do they didn't he 6 has he感叹句1. Mary is very warm-hearted.（改为感叹句）【嘉定】 warm-hearted girl Mary is !Keys: 1 What a被动语态2. Mary wrote an E-mail to her parents yesterday.（改为被动语态） 【金山】An E-mail to her parents by Mary yesterday.3. Kitty expressed many thanks to her parents

57、on Thanksgiving Day.（ 改为被动语态 ） 【静安】 Many thanks by Kitty to her parents on Thanksgiving Day.4. In the film a man with a gun broke into a small supermarket.（改为被动语态）【普陀】In the film a small supermarket into by a man with a gun.5. Schools should offer more fruits and vegetables to students in their meals every day.（ 改为被动语态 ） 【徐?匚】 More fruits and vegetables should 二 to students in their meals every day.6. Chinese people invented black tea during the Ming Dynasty.（改成被动语态）【浦东】 Black tea by Chinese people during the Ming Dynasty.7. Tom' s grandpa grows tomatoes in the field