中考复习资料之八年级上units

1、中考复习资料之八年级上units8-10 unit 8 How was your school trip?目标语言：talk about events in the past重点句型：Did you go to the zoo? No, I went to the aquarium. Were there any sharks? No, there werent any sharks, but there were some really smart seals. Did you go to the zoo? No, I didnt. I went to the aquarium. Were

2、there any sharks? No, there werent any sharks. Did you see any seals? Yes, I saw some seals. What else do you buy? I bought a cap. Toby won a prize. They took the subway back to school. That sounds interesting. On my next day off, I dont want to go for a drive. That sounds very boring. Can you belie

3、ve it? Do you want to go again?重点词组：went to the aquarium, hung out with her friends, saw some seals, took photos, went to the zoo, had pizza, bought a souvenir, ate some ice cream, saw some sharks, got Jake Deans autograph, at the end of, had a great time, watched TV with a friend, took a class, sle

4、pt late, helped mom and dad, went for a drive, all day, went on vacation to some place，write to, write in ink, write fro sb, write down知识点：1一般过去时I. 一般过去时的概念一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year, yesterday等； 也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。例如：I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我

5、在街上看见他了。Li Mei always went to school on foot last year. 去年李梅总是步行上学。II. 一般过去时的构成我们主要来学习谓语动词为实义动词的一般过去时的构成。动词过去式的构成：1) 规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则： 一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。2) 不规则

6、动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。III. 一般过去时的几种句型肯定句结构为：主语+动词的过去式+其它。如：He went to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天去玩具店了。 否定句结构为：主语+did not (didn't)+动词原形+其它。如：He didn't go to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天没去玩具店。一般过去时的一般疑问句的构成：Did+主语动词原形其它？如：1) -Did y

7、ou go to Beijing last week?-Yes, we did. (No, we didn't.)2) -Did you meet the businessman before?-No, I didn't. (Yes, I did.)一般过去时的特殊疑问句的构成：疑问词did+主语动词原形其它？如：1) -What did you do last night?-I did my homework.2) -Where did you go last week?-I went to Shanghai with my parents.一般过去时口诀一般过去时并不难，表

8、示过去动作、状态记心间。动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。否定句很简单，didn't 站在动词原形前，其它部分不要变。一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。2英语不规则动词变化( BookI  Book III)A                   &#

9、160; B                     Chear                 heard        

10、60;        heardlearn                 learnt                learnthave/has   

11、60;         had                 hadleave                left     

12、             leftlend                 lent                  

13、lentlose                 lost                  lostmake           

14、0;    made                mademean                meant           

15、;    meantsend                 sent                 sentspell        &

16、#160;       spelt                   speltshoot                shot    

17、               shotsit                    sat             &#

18、160;     satsmell                 smelt                 smelt spend     

19、60;         spent                   spentspit                  spat

20、60;                  spatstand                stood             &

21、#160;    stoodunderstand           understood            understoodhang               

22、0; hung                  hunghold                  held          

23、         heldlight                  lit                     

24、 litmeet                  met                   metfind         &

25、#160;         found                 foundfeed                   fed &#

26、160;                 fedspit                   spat           

27、60;       spatbear                  bore                   bornwin  &#

28、160;                won                   wonbuild            

29、60;     built                   builtbabysit                babysat     

30、60;         babysatflee                   fled                   

31、fledlead                   led                   ledmislead        

32、60;      misled                misledbend                  bent      &

33、#160;           bentbleed                  bled                  

34、bledhold                   held                  heldsmell         

35、60;        smelt                 smeltdig                    dug  

36、;                 dug deal                   dealt           

37、;       dealt A                    B                    

38、0;  Ceat                   ate                      eatenfall    

39、               fell                       fallendo/does         &

40、#160;    did                       donechoose              chose     &

41、#160;             chosenbreak                broke                 

42、60; brokenam/is                was                     beenare        

43、          were                     beenfly                 &

44、#160;  flew                    flownforbid                forbade       

45、60;         forbidden forget                forgot                  forgottenfre

46、eze                froze                   frozenget            &

47、#160;      got                     gottengo                   went

48、0;                    gonehide                  hid          

49、;            hiddenlie                    lay                

50、;     lainmistake               mistook                 mistakensee        

51、           saw                     seenshake               shook&

52、#160;                   shakenspeak               spoke            

53、60;       spokensteal                stole                     stolentake &

54、#160;              took                      takenwake           

55、     woke                     wokenwear                 wore    &

56、#160;                wornA                     A           &

57、#160;           Bbeat                  beat                  

58、0;beatenA                     B                      Arun    

59、0;             ran                      runcome             

60、   came                   comebecome             became           

61、0;     becomeA                    A                     AA  

62、                B can               couldmay               mightw

63、ill                would shall               shouldA              

64、0;   Amust              must不规则中寻规则：a) 过去式与动词原形同形cost                cost          &#

65、160;        cost put                 put                    putfit

66、0;                 fit                     fit cut         &

67、#160;       cut                    cutlet                  let  &

68、#160;                   lethurt               hurt             &#

69、160;     hurtset                set    setshut               shut      

70、0;           shutread               read                 readhit   

71、60;             hit                   hitb)原形以ow/aw结尾，过去式则变成ewgrow            &#

72、160;    grew                     grownthrow               threw      &

73、#160;              thrownknow                 knew                

74、;    knowndraw                 drew                    drewshow     &#

75、160;           showed               shownc)将动词原形中的元音字母i改成a,变成过去式。swim                swam&

76、#160;                   swumsink                 sank           &

77、#160;         sunkring                  rang                    &

78、#160;runggive                  gave                    givendrink       

79、60;         drank                    drunksing                  s

80、ang                    sungbegin                began           &

81、#160;       begun【特例】win                   won                   wond)过去式以o

82、ught或aught结尾think                 thought               thoughtbring            

83、     brought               broughtbuy                  bought        &

84、#160;       boughtfight                 fought                foughtcatch    

85、60;           caught                caughtteach                taught  

86、0;             taught【注意】上述动词过去式的末尾是ought还是aught，只要记住“有a则a,无a则o”,即原形中有a的，则变为aught，否则为ought.e)将动词原形中的字母组合ee去掉一个，词尾加上t，变成过去式。feel                  

87、 felt                   feltsweep                swept           

88、      swept sleep                 slept                  slept keep   

89、              kept                  keptoversleep             overslept

90、0;            oversleptf)将动词原形中的元音字母i改为o,变成过去式。drive                 drove             

91、60;       drivenride                  rode                     ridden&

92、#160;write                  wrote                   writtenrise        

93、0;         rose                     risenshine                shone

94、60;                 shoneg)以ay结尾的动词，将ay变成aid变成过去式pay                  paid        

95、60;         paidsay                  said                  saidlay 

96、60;                 laid                    laid h)以一个辅音字母+ell结尾的动词，将ell改成old变成过去式tell    

97、              told                    toldSell              

98、    sold                  sold3.watch, look at前者强调“看”宾语正在进行的动作，有“注意观察”之意；后者强调“看”宾语本身。4Want的用法 want to do sth.想要做某事What do you want to do?你想做什么？ want sth 想要，要，希望I want a recorder.我想要个录音机。 wan

99、t sb. to do.让某人做某事He wants me to go .他想让我去。5stay, live前者指的是短期的居住；后者是指长期居住。petition,match, gamecompetition表示“竞争，竞技，比赛”，指体力，技巧，能力方面的竞赛；match常用来表示重要而公开进行的比赛；game表示体育，棋类等的“比赛”，通常指人们用体力或智力进行的竞赛活动。6win,beat,defeatWin通常跟a game(比赛)，a war(战争)，a prize(奖品)之类的词，而beat或defeat之后跟people(人)。Defeat之后通常跟enemies敌人。7fam

100、ous的用法Ø famous著名的 a famous city一个著名的城市Ø be famous for因。而著名China is famous for its food in the world.中国因它的食品而闻名全世界。Ø be famous as作为而著名She is famous as a singer. 她作为歌手而著名。8trip , travel前者指短期的或来往固定的旅行；后者是指长途或长期旅行。9show的用法Ø show n.展览，演出 a picture show图画展Ø on show展览 His pictures

101、are on show now.他的画现在正在展出。Ø show sb. sth=show sth to sb给某人看某物He showed his pictures to all his friends.Ø 指示，指出Please show me the way.Ø show sb around领某人参观 He showed us around his school.10.each, every前者侧重于说明同类事物的个别性，倾向于把整体分散来考虑；且each及所修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。而every侧重于整体，倾向于把分散的项目集中成为一个整体来看待

102、，every以及它做修饰的名词作主语时谓语动词也是用单数。11.nearly, almostThe car nearly hit you. 那辆车差点碰着你。  nearly为副词，意为“几乎，将近”。nearly要放在它所修饰的那个词或词组尽可能靠近的地方，否则，有可能会影响全句的意思。例： (1) He gets up nearly six every day. 他每天几乎六点起床。 (2) He gets up at six nearly every day. 他几乎每天都六点起床。nearly的同义词为almost，一般情况下二者无多大差别。但在程度上al

103、most相当于very nearly ，如：Shes nearly/ almost six feet tall. （2）如果谈论的事情不是容易衡量其程度时，应用almost而不用nearly。例：I almost believe in him. 我差点相信他。Our cat understands everything. Shes almost human. 我们的猫什么都懂，几乎跟人一样。（3）almost可修饰表示全肯定，全否定的词，如：all, every, never, no, nothing, nobody, none等，而nearly则不能修饰这些词。例： Almost

104、no one believed her. 几乎没有一个人相信她。 unit9. When was he born?目标语言：talk about famous people重点句型：Whos that? Thats Deng Yaping. She is a great Chinese ping-pong player. When was she born? She was born in 1973. How long did he hiccup? He hiccupped for 69years and 5months. When did he start hiccupping? He st

105、arted hiccupping in1922. When did she become a movie star? When she was three years old. She went to her first movie when she was three years old. It was a comedy called He spends all his free time with his grandchildren. He began to learn the accordion at the age of four. Is he alive? Was he an ath

106、lete? Is the person a man or a woman?重点词组：ping-pong player,basketball player, tennis player, football player, world record, stop doing/to do, start to do/doing, learn to do, spend time with sb, be born, at the age of, take part in, the first prize, major in,知识点： Record的短语：break a record打破记录, make a

107、record创造记录，hold a record保持记录，hold the world record保持世界记录 be born出生，出世。Bear的过去式，过去分词分别是born, born. too.to意思为“太.以致不能.”,too有 “太”，“过分”之意。tooto常可以与sothat.（太。以致于）或enough to（足够。）句型互换。 Start的用法：start sth 开始某事，如start work; start doing sth开始做某事如，When did he start writing novels?;start to do sth开始做某事，可与start d

108、oing互换。【注意】start后面可以接不定式，也可以接动词-ing形式，但是，当主语是物不是人时，当start用于进行时态时，当其后面的非谓语动词指心理状态或精神活动时，后面接不定式比较好。如It started to snow.下起雪来了。 Called相当于named或with the name of，是call的过去分词，做定语。The boy called Jim is my friend.6. 一些词汇后面加上-ist可构成表示人的名词：science-scientist科学家，violin-violinist小提琴手，piano-pianist钢琴家，art-artist艺术家

109、，画家7有些以a开头的形容词，如alive, awake, alone, asleep, afraid等均属于表语形容词。如It is a living fish.= The fish is still alive.【注意】alive也可以作后置定语。They are the happiest children alive.他们是当代最幸福的孩子。alive, living两者都可以作表语；作定语时alive后置，living前置。8Athlete, player前者指一般从事体育活动户外运动的专业人员；后者可指某种运动，活动的（专业的）业余人员，还指演员或演奏者。9“花费”的几种说法a) t

110、ake“花费”：It takes sb. some time to do It takes some time for sb to do Sth takes sb some time to do(主语多为工程，项目)The bridge will take us three years to build. Sb takes some time to doI took a month to read this book.b)cost“ 花费”，主语一般是要买的东西的名词The book cost me five yuan.c) pay主语为人，其宾语可以是人也可以是钱。pay+money+for

111、+sth.I will pay five yuan for this book.d) spend“花费”：spend+time/money+(in)doingI spent five yuan in buying this book. spend+time/money+on sthI spent five yuan on this book.Spend除了花费讲以外，还有度过，消磨的意思，spendwith friends和朋友共度好时光。10See的用法：see sb do强调“看见动作的全过程”;see sb doing强调“看见动作正在进行”。类似的动词还有watch, hear, fe

112、el等，它们都可以用不带to的不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。11other, another, the other, the others, othersOther指“另外的”，后面一般须加名词。She doesnt like other skirts.Another指三个或三个以上中的“任何一个”，或同类中的“另一个，再一个”The other表示两个事物或人中的“另一个”。Onethe otherThe others是the other的复数形式，表示“其余全部”Others指“另外一些”。Someothers12stop-stopped-stopped stop to do st

113、h和stop doing sth: stop to do的意思是“停下来做事情”，不定式作状语，表示stop的目的，即做另一件事情。stop doing sth的意思是“停止正在做的某事”13 With的用法：Ø 相当于带动词have的结构：有，带着，有。特征。如 a house with a gardenØ 表示填充物覆盖物等。如，Fill the box with sand.将盒子装满沙子。Ø 表示方式或工具。如write with a pen用钢笔写Ø 表示伴随或关系。如live with your parents与父母同住Ø （表示原因

114、）由于。shaking with cold冷得发抖Ø 表示方式或样子。fight with courage勇敢地作战Ø 与同时（同方向）；Do you rise with the sun?你黎明起床了吗？Ø 表示保管，照顾。I have no money with me.我身上没钱。Ø 对于，关于:be patient with him对他有耐性Ø 表示同意。I agree with you.我同意你。14Such作形容词，意思是“如此的”“这样的”，修饰各种名词。Ø Such这样的。如It is such bad weather.天

115、气如此恶劣。Ø Such常和as搭配，表示一种类别。如We enjoy such a voice as hers.我们喜欢象她那样的嗓子。Ø Such常和表示结果的that从句搭配，表示“如此.以至于”如 It was such a hot day that we all had to stay at home.Ø Suchthat和sothat都可用来引出一个结果状语从句。由于such是形容词，所以that从句前有一个受such修饰的名词；而so 是副词，用以修饰形容词或副词，因此that从句前一般不出现名词。如 They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them. The exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it.a) 如果名词是可数名词的单数形式，such和so的位置不同：such+a/an+形容词+单数名词so+形容词+a/an+单数名词b) 如果名词是不可数名