人教版2020高考英语阅读理解专题选编(12)(含解析)

1、2019 高考英语阅读理解专题选编（ 12）李仕才AIn 1959, when Jean Harper was in the third grade, her teacher gave the class an assignment to write a report on what they wanted to be when they grew up.Jean' s father was a crop dusting pilot in the little farming community in Northern California where she was raised,

2、and Jean was very interested in airplanes and flying. She poured her heart into her report and included all of her dreams. She wanted to be a crop dusting pilot, make parachute jumps（ 跳伞 ）, and be an airline pilot. Her paper came back with an "F" on it. The teacher told her it was a "

3、fairy tale" and that none of the occupations she listed were women' s jobs. Jean was devastated and humiliated.One day in her senior year of high school, her English teacher Mrs Dorothy Slaton gave the class an assignment. "If you had unlimited money, unlimited access to the finest sch

4、ools, and unlimited talents and abilities, what would you do?" Jean felt a rush of her old enthusiasm, and with excitement she wrote down all her old dreams. The teacher leaned forward over her desk and said, "You do have unlimited abilities and talents. When you leave school, if you don&#

5、39; t go for your dreams, no one will doit for you. You can have what you want if you want it enough."The hurt and fear of years of discouragement went away because of what Mrs Slaton had said. Jean felt excited and a little scared. She stayed after class and went up to the teacher ' s desk

6、. Jean thanked Mrs Slaton and told her about her dream of becoming a pilot. Mrs Slaton half rose and slapped the desk top. "Then do it!" she said.So Jean did. It didn ' t happen overnight. It took her 10 years of hard work. It wasn' t in Jean ' s nature to stand upfor herself w

7、hen someone refused or humiliatedher. Instead, she would quietly try to find another way.She became a private pilot and then flew planes as a co-pilot （ 副驾驶员 ）. In 1978, she became one of the first three female pilot trainees ever accepted by United Airlines and one of the only 50 women airline pilo

8、ts in the nation at that time. Some years later, Jean Harper became a Boeing 737 captain for United Airlines.1. When Jean Harper was in the third grade, .A. it was common for women to be airline pilotsB. her father advised her to be a pilot like him in the futureC. she was unsure about what she want

9、ed to be when she grew upD. she was deeply hurt by her teacher' s comment on her dreams2. What was Mrs Slaton ' s reaction when she learned about Jean Harper' s dream?A. Encouraging Jean to do what she wanted to.B. Offering Jean as much help as she could.C. Persuading Jean to give up her

10、 dream.D. Making Jean aware of all the possible difficulties.3. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. How Jean Harper achieved her flying dream.B. Jean Harper ' s great achievements in flying.C. The hardships Jean Harper experienced when trying to be a pilot.D. Jean Harper ' s determina

11、tion to pursue her dream.4. What gave Jean Harper enough strength and faith to pursue her dream?A. Her father ' s influence on her.B. Mrs Slaton ' s support.C. Her decision to stand up for herself.D. A teacher ' s humiliation when she was in the third grade.【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了 Jean Harpe

12、r 如何在英语老师的鼓励下，实现 了当一名飞行员的梦想。1.D 【解析】细节理解题。由第二段中的 "Jean was devastated and humiliated" 和第四段中 的 "The hurt and fear of years of discouragement"可知答案为 D。3. B 【解析】段落大意题。最后一段主要讲述了 Jean Harper 在飞行方面的成就，所以答案为B。4. B 【解析】推理判断题。文中提到的 Jean Harper 的两位老师，一位打击她的梦想，让她几乎对此丧失信心；另一位老师给她无限的信心，让她相信自己，

13、坚持追寻梦想，所以答案 为 B。（2015 ·辽宁五校联盟第一次联考 ）15， and goods become， to findAs globalization continues to make the world a smaller place more accessible across borders ， c oncerns about food safety in the Asia-Pacific region have steadily risen over the years.An APEC forum is being held in Beijing ways to

14、 better address the problem.156 participants from 19 APEC economies and 4 non- APECm embers attended the APEC Food Safety Cooperation Forum， which has been actively looking for ways to strengthen food safety standard in the region， without affecting trade.“ As consumers are faced with more varieties

15、 of food， the potential food safetyrisk also becomes bigger.This forum has helped APEC economies to cooperate in supervision （ 监督 ） ，exchange information ，and improve the overall food safety standard in the Asia - Pacific region ，” said director of China ' s General Administration of Quality Sup

16、ervision Wu Qinghai.For the first time the forum has brought together high-level regulators ，academics ， and industry stakeholders to talk about their respective roles in safety supervision.They say governments alone cannot shoulder this heavy duty.In China ， the continuous food safety problems have

17、 greatly hurtconsumers'confidence in domestic products ； therefore more turned to imports.However ， problems related to quality of those imported goods also began to show.In July thisyear ， more than 400 batches （ 批 ） of food imported from 35 countries andregions werefound substandard by the cou

18、ntry' s top quality supervisor.Governments and industries have been brought closer by this forum.As food movesmore freely beyond borders ， this forum is hoped to promote safety control cooperation ， so APEC members can better benefit from the economic integration（经济一体化 ） 1 What kind of function

19、can the forum play?A It has greatly influenced the economy in the area.B It has long been able to put every side's efforts together.C It helps to bring government regulators and industries together.D It has found ways to deal with safety problems.2 The last but one paragraph tells us that A the

20、Chinese customers are more satisfied with their food safetyB food imported from other countries is indeed high in qualityC many Chinese customers would rather buy some foreign foodD there are only 35 countries and regions exporting food to China3 The underlined word“ address ” in the first paragraph

21、 can be replaced byA send a letter aboutB deal withC deliver a speech onD call off4 According to the article， which of the following statements is WRONG?A People can buy foreign food more easily than ever.B The more varieties of food，the bigger the potential food safety risk.C Food safety problems h

22、ave appeared many times before this forum.DGovernments have started their cooperation with academies and industries before this forum.【解题导语】 通过 APEC论坛，各国之间将更加密切地合作，食品安全问题将得到更有 效的监管和处理，各成员国都会从中受益。1解析：选 C。细节理解题。 根据第四段中的“ the forum has brought together high-level regulators ， academics ， and industry s

23、takeholders to talk about their respective roles in safety supervision ”可知，应选 C 项。2解析：选 C。细节理解题。根据第五段中的“ the continuous food safety problems have greatly hurt consumers ' confidence in domestic products ； therefore more turned to imports.However ， problems related to quality of those imported go

24、ods also began to show ”可知，连续的国内食品安全问题伤害了消费者的信心，他们更加愿意买进口产品， 但是进口食品的质量问题也开始显现，即C项正确， A、B 项错误；文中第五段的最后一句表示来自 35 个国家和地区的超过 400批次的进口食品不达标而非只有 35 个国家和地区向中国出 口食品，故 D 项错误。3解析：选 B。词义猜测题。根据全文大意可知，各国通过APEC论坛加强合作，积极寻求更好的方法来解决食品安全问题。由此可推知，B 项“处理，解决”与 address 含义相近。4解析： 选 D。细节理解题。 根据第一段中的“ and goods become more

25、accessible across borders ， concerns about food safety in the Asia-Pacific region have steadily risen over the years ”可知， A、 C 项表述正确；根据第三段中的“ As consum ers are faced withmore varieties of food， the potential food safety risk also becomes bigger.可知，B 项表述正确， D 项与第四段的第一句不符，故选 D 项。C 阅读下列短文 , 从给的四个选项 （A

26、、B、C和 D） 中 , 选出最佳选项。Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface（BCI） technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechni

27、c school in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated（展示） a small roboticwheelchair directed by a person' s thoughts.In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right band. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.“ o

28、ur brain has billions of nerve ceils. These send signals through the spinal cord（脊髓） to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles, ” Tavella says.“ Our system allows disabled people to

29、communicate withexternal world and also to control devices. ”The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp（头皮 ） and sends them to a computer. The computer interpretsthe signals and commandst he motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has t

30、wo cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain.Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands.“ The practicalpossibilities that BCI technology

31、 offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair. ” He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with realpatients, so asto provethat this is a technology they can benefit front. And the other is to guarantee th

32、at they can use the technology over long periods of time.1. BCI is a technology that canA. help to update computer systems B. link the human brain with computersC. help the disabled to recoverD. control a person's thoughts2. How" did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?A. By co

33、ntrolling his muscles.B. By talking to the machine.C. By moving his hand.D. By using his mind.3. Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?A. scalp computer cap wheelchairB. computer cap scalp wheelchairC. scalp cap computer wheelchairD. cap compute scalp wheelcha

34、ir4. The team will test with real patients toA. make profits from them B. prove the technology useful to themC. make them live longer D. learn about their physical condition5. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Switzerland, the BCI Research CenterB. New Findings About How

35、 the Human Brain WorksC. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the DisabledD. Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries【文章大意】科普说明文。本文介绍了 BCI 脑机接口技术，它是帮助残疾人向机器输送指令。 【参考方案】 1-5 、BDCBC键词应该出现在标题中，选 B。D（2015 ·沈阳质量检测一 ）When Shakespeare was twenty-one ， he went to London ， a very interesting place，

36、to try his fortune.There was the famous London Bridge and St.Paul 's Cathedral ，and palaces and markets and long streets full of shops.Then，too ， there were the daily crowds where could be seen people from all overthe world.Knights ， scholars and highwaymen （ 拦路强盗 ） or thieves who had been infam

37、ous for their clever robberies， passed by each other.Here，also ， were noblemen dressed in gold ，from Italy ， Spain and France ；slaves from Spanish America ， sea captains and ministers ， soldiers and servants all held by chances or interests within the gray walls which circled London， and whose gates

38、 gave welcome to as strange a crowd as could be found in the world.Into this curious crowd came Shakespeare ，quick to see and eager to learn.And before long all these strange sights were as familiar to him as the faces of his own town's residents.Each one told its story to him so plainly that， a

39、s before he had learnedthe secrets of the fields and woods，so now he learned men and men ' s interests thatmake up the great world.And he learned these lessons so well that when he came to write his plays ，he made such use of them as no writer ever made before or since； for it is the use of this

40、knowledge of the world， combined with his own genius， that makes Shakespeare thegreatest dramatist that has ever lived.1What was London like in Shakespeare' s eyes when he first went there?ADirty and small.BStrange and interesting.CInfamous and terrible.DFamiliar and modern.2Which of the followi

41、ng best describes Shakespeare?AShakespeare got inspiration to write from his hometown, London.BShakespeare was eager to make friends with the noblemen in London.CShakespeare was good at observing and learning from the daily life.DShakespeare became the greatest dramatist owing to his own genius.3Wha

42、t does the underlined word“ one” in Paragraph 5 refer to?ACrowd.B Sight.CFace.D Resident.4The passage probably comes from Aa posterB a textbookC an advertisementD an announcement他很快适应了那里的生活， 并【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了莎士比亚到伦敦后的经历， 把自己所观察到的事情融入自己的创作中。1解析：选 B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ a very interesting place”和第五段中的“ all th

43、ese strange sights ”可知，在 Shakespeare 的眼中，伦敦是一个有趣而陌生的 城市，即 B 项正确。2解析：选 C。推理判断题。根据第五段可知， Shakespeare 来到伦敦不久之后，通过观 察和学习了解了伦敦，并适应了那里的生活，由此可推断出， Shakespeare 擅长观察日常生活 并从中学习，故 C 项正确。3解析：选 B。词义猜测题。画线词后的“ as before he had learned the secrets ofthe fields and woods”的意思为“正如他以前所学到的田野和树林的秘密那样”，根据这句 话可知， one 指的是像

44、田野和树林一样的景象，故B项正确。4解析：选 B。推理判断题。本文主要讲述了莎士比亚到伦敦的经历，所以这篇文章最 有可能出现在一本教材中，故 B 项正确。E 阅读下列短文 , 从给的四个选项 (A 、B、C和 D) 中 , 选出最佳选项。Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone's life?If yes ， don't care about sex or age！ Come and join us ，then you'll_make_it!P

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