Robert-Burns罗伯特彭斯

1、 Robert Burns(1759-1796) Outline of the lecturevLife of Burns and his poetryvPoem appreciation: A red, red rose Scots Wha Hae as an unofficial national anthem of the country Auld Lang Syne My Heart is in the HighlandvFeatures of Burns poetryvComments on BurnsRobert Burns vthe national poet of Scotla

2、nd, Scotlands favorite son, the Ploughman Poet, va pioneer of the Romantic movementvhis poems written in the Scottish dialect;vmany lyrics praising nature, love, and friendshipvHis “Auld Lang Syne” (Old Long Ago) which have been sung as a parting song in many places of the world in different languag

3、es. Lifevborn at Alloway, near Ayr, on January 25, 1759. v Robert - had been to school since the age of six -was educated at home by a teacher -was the farms chief labourer by the age of 15 a reading knowledge of French and Latin and had read Shakespeare, Dryden, Milton and the Bible. vDeath: on Jul

4、y 21, 1796, died of rheumatic fever, aged just 37 and was buried in the churchyard of St. Michaels in Dumfries dmfris 邓弗里斯 Burns ReputationvRobert Burns gained more fame after his death than he ever did during his lifetime. Many of his songs and poems have become international favorites - even among

5、 those who find his use of Scottish lowland dialect difficult to decipher. vA cultural icon in Scotland; celebration of his life and work became almost a national charismatic cult during the 19th and 20th centuries, and his influence has long been strong on Scottish literature. Celebration of BurnsB

6、urns SuppervOn Jan. 25, as Burns nightvHave haggis (羊肚包杂碎), traditional Scottish foodvPlay pipesvPoetry readingThe suppers are normally held on or near the poets birthday, 25 January, sometimes also known as Robert Burns Day or Burns Night . A Burns supper is a celebration of the life and poetry of

7、the poet Robert Burns. Burns Cottagein Alloway, ScotlandPoetry of BurnsvThe poems of Burns are written in the Scottish dialect on a variety of subjects. v1) Political poemsv2) Satirical poemsv3) Lyrics vSelected Readings “A Red, Red Rose” “Auld Lang Syne” “My Hearts in the Highlands”Classification o

8、f Burns PoetryclassificationRepresentative worksScottish ballads John BarleycornPatriotic poemsMy Heart is in the HighlandLyrics of love & friendshipA Red, Red RoseJohn Anderson My JoAuld Lang SyneWriting characteristicvHis peasant origin and environment aided him in capturing the happy simplici

9、ty, humor, directness and optimism, which are characteristic of all old Scottish songs. Lyrical: A red, red rosewritten in 1794, published in 1796It is Burns most famous love poems. It is written in Ballad form. The rhyme scheme of the poem is abcb.歌谣（The Ballad） v歌谣（The Ballad）v歌谣又称民歌体诗，是一种较短的叙事诗歌，

10、由民歌发展而来。歌谣由四行诗节组成。每一首歌谣的诗节数目不同，但是每一个四行诗节的格律却是相同的。每一个四行诗节(stanza)由抑扬格四韵步诗行(foot)和三韵步诗行组成，即第一行诗和第三行诗为抑扬抑扬格四韵步诗，第二行诗和第四行诗均为三韵步诗。v歌谣是一种在世界各地普遍存在的诗歌形式，大多为集体创作，通常描写爱情故事、非凡的幸福或者是最近的事件。为了生动地叙述故事，歌谣使用来自生活的自然语言。v歌谣的押韵格式为abab或abcb。由于歌谣来自于民歌，因此它同民歌一样是靠口头相传的。最早的歌谣手稿大约产生于14至于5世纪之间。19世纪以前，大量歌谣都没有被记录下来。19世纪末，英国学者F.

11、 J. Child收集整理而编辑了一本歌谣诗集：英格兰和苏格兰歌谣集（English and Scottish Ballads）。在英国文学中，歌谣后来成为一种重要的文学形式，出现了一批重要的用歌谣形式写作诗歌的诗人，如罗伯特彭斯、华兹华斯、柯尔律治等。 The metrical pattern of the poem is basically in the ballad form, i.e. ,each stanza consisting of four lines, with four stressed syllables in odd-numbered lines and three s

12、tressed syllables in the even-numbered lines, and with rhymes occurring on the even-numbered lines. Theme: Burns clearly states and restates the theme: The speaker loves the young lady beyond measure. The only way he can express his love for her is through vivid similes and hyperbolic comparisons. Q

13、uestionsvHow dose the narrator in the love song express his love?vWhy is this poem so touching to the readers? Comparison with Chinese folk song 上邪上邪 上邪，吾欲与君相知，长命无绝衰。 山无陵，江水为竭，冬雷震震，夏雨雪，天地合，乃敢与君绝！Q: what are the similarities between the two songs?Summary vThis is one of Burns popular love lyrics and

14、is also a good example of how the poet made use of old Scottish folk poetry and created immortal lines by revising the old folk material. The extreme simplicity of the language and the charming rhythmic beat of the verse express better than anything else the poets true sentiments toward his beloved.

15、 Scots, Wha Hae Scots, Wha Hae. Scots, wha hae wi Wallace bled, Scots, wham Bruce has aften led, Welcome to your gory bed Or to victorie! Nows the day, and nows the hour: See the front o battle lour, See approach proud Edwards power Chains and slaverie! Wha will be a traitor knave? Wha will fill a c

16、owards grave? Wha sae base as be a slave? - Let him turn, and flee! English translation Scots, who have with Wallace bled, Scots, whom Bruce has often led, Welcome to your gory bed Or to victory. Now is the day, and now is the hour: See the front of battle lower (threaten), See approach proud Edward

17、s power Chains and slavery. Who will be a traitor knave? Who will fill a cowards grave? Whos so base as be a slave? - Let him turn, and flee. Wha for Scotlands King and Law Freedoms sword will strongly draw, Freeman stand or freeman fa, Let him follow me! By oppressions woes and pains, By your sons

18、in servile chains, We will drain our dearest veins But they shall be free! Lay the proud usurpers low! Tyrants fall in every foe! Libertys in every blow! Let us do or dee! Who for Scotlands King and Law Freedoms sword will strongly draw, Freeman stand or freeman fall, Let him follow me. By oppressio

19、ns woes and pains, By your sons in servile chains, We will drain our dearest veins But they shall be free. Lay the proud usurpers low, Tyrants fall in every foe, Liberty is in every blow, Let us do or die! 苏格兰人跟华莱士流过血的苏格兰人，随布鲁斯作过战的苏格兰人，起来！倒在血泊里也成要不就夺取胜利！时刻已到，决战已近，前线的军情吃紧，骄横的爱德华在统兵入侵带来锁链，带来奴役！谁愿卖国求荣？

20、谁愿爬进懦夫的坟茔？谁卑鄙到宁做奴隶偷生？让他走，让他逃避！谁愿将苏格兰国王和法律保护，拔出自由之剑来痛击、猛舞？谁愿生作自由人，死作自由魂？让他来，跟我出击！凭被压迫者的苦难采起誓，凭你们受奴役的子孙来起誓，我们决心流血到死但他们必须自由！打倒骄横的篡位者！死一个敌人，少一个暴君！多一次攻击，添一分自由！动手要不就断头！ The poem consists of six quatrains, with the first three lines of each quatrain ending in rhyme and the fourth line of all the six quatra

21、ins taking up the same rhyme.Rhyme: aaab cccb . Supposed to be addressed by Bruce to his soldiers before the Battle of Bannockburn against Edward II. It is to encourage the Scots to fight !Auld Lang SyneAuld Lang Syneold long since long long ago Melody: Scots folk melody Uses: traditional New Year e

22、xtensive funerals graduations as a farewell or ending (beginning) to other occasionsAuld Lang SynevShould auld acquaintance be forgotv And never brought to mind? vShould auld acquaintance be forgot, And auld lang syne?vFor auld lang syne, my jo, For auld lang syne, Well take a cup o kindness yet, Fo

23、r auld lang syne. vShould auld acquaintance be forgot, And never brought to mind? Should auld acquaintance be forgot, And auld lang syne? vFor auld lang syne, my dear, For auld lang syne, Well take a cup of kindness yet For auld lang syne.Auld Lang Synev一首非常出名的诗歌，原文是苏格兰文，直一首非常出名的诗歌，原文是苏格兰文，直译做英文是译做英

24、文是old long since或或times gone by，意思大概是逝去已久的日子。，意思大概是逝去已久的日子。Auld Lang Syne是十八世纪苏格兰诗人罗伯特彭是十八世纪苏格兰诗人罗伯特彭斯斯(Robert Burns)根据当地父老口传录下的。根据当地父老口传录下的。这首诗后来被谱了乐曲，除了原苏格兰文外，这首诗后来被谱了乐曲，除了原苏格兰文外，这首歌亦被多国谱上当地语言，在中国各地这首歌亦被多国谱上当地语言，在中国各地普遍称为普遍称为友谊地久天长友谊地久天长。 English songvShould old friendship be forgotAnd never remem

25、bered ?Should old friendship be forgotten,And days of long ago.vWe two have run about the hillsAnd pulled the daisies fine :But we have wandered many a weary footSince days of long ago.vWe two have waded in the streamFrom dawn till dinner-time :But seas between us broad have roaredSince days of long

26、 ago.vAnd theres a hand my trusty friend !And give me a hand of thine !And we will take a large draughtFor days of long ago. vAnd surely you will have your tankard !And surely I will have mine !And we will take a cup of kindness yet,For days of long agov在苏格兰，这首歌常在离别时咏唱。当地人有一个传统：分别之前手拉着手，绕圈唱着这首歌，歌颂珍贵

27、友谊，表达惜别之情。受其影响，许多国家的学校，在学生毕业的告别仪式中也模仿这种传统。学子们在仪式结束时同声歌唱，在余音缭绕中频频挥手与母校告别。由于它常与离别相关，所以其歌名有人翻译为骊歌，有人翻译为一路平安。v1940年美国电影魂断蓝桥（Waterloo bridge）用这首歌作主题曲。随后，这首歌传遍世界各地。魂断蓝桥魂断蓝桥描写了二战时期英国军官罗依与芭蕾描写了二战时期英国军官罗依与芭蕾舞演员玛拉的一段悲剧爱情故事。其中有一个情节舞演员玛拉的一段悲剧爱情故事。其中有一个情节很有诗意：罗依即将奔赴前线了，两人来到一家舞很有诗意：罗依即将奔赴前线了，两人来到一家舞厅。夜深了，乐队演奏最后的一

28、支乐曲厅。夜深了，乐队演奏最后的一支乐曲友谊地久友谊地久天长天长。乐手们每奏完自己演奏的乐句，就吹熄谱。乐手们每奏完自己演奏的乐句，就吹熄谱架上的蜡烛，轻轻离座。最后只留下小提琴孤独的架上的蜡烛，轻轻离座。最后只留下小提琴孤独的声音。接着声音。接着，谱架上最后的一只烛光也熄灭了，两人不得不在优美凄凉的余音中恋恋不舍地告别v怎能忘记旧日朋友心中能不怀想， 旧日朋友岂能相忘，友谊地久天长。友谊万岁，友谊万岁！ 举杯痛饮同声歌唱，友谊地久天长！ v我们曾经终日游荡在故乡青山上， 我们也曾历尽苦辛到处奔波流浪。友谊万岁，友谊万岁！举杯痛饮同声歌唱，友谊地久天长！ v我们也曾终日逍遥荡浆在绿波上， 但如

29、今却劳燕分飞远隔大海重洋。友谊万岁，友谊万岁！举杯痛饮同声歌唱，友谊地久天长！ v我们往日情谊相投，让我们紧握手，让我们来举杯畅饮，友谊地久天长！ 友谊万岁！友谊万岁！ 举杯痛饮同声歌唱，友谊地久天长！“My Hearts in the Highlands” Natural scene of Scottish HighlandvHighland cow Highland in October我的心在高原我的心在高原-（苏格兰）罗伯特.彭斯v我的心在高原，身在异乡：v我的心在高原，追赶着鹿群，v追赶着野鹿，跟踪着小鹿，v我的心在高原，无论去向何方！v再会吧，高原！再会吧，北方！v你是品德的国家，壮士的故乡！v无论我在哪流浪，何处彷徨，高原的群山我永不相忘！v再会吧，白雪皑皑的高峰