中英文翻译_土木R101_李成武课件

1、大连交通大学2005届本科生毕业设计（论文）外文翻译外文原文Research on software development platform based on SSHframework structureAbstractThe research of software development platform is a complex system engineering. For the current problems in the field of Web application development, use computer related technology, combine

2、 with the more popular open source framework SSH, research the software development platform that based on SSH framework construction. Based on the analysis of the existing problems of software development, emphatically studies the key techniques of SSH framework platform, including the presentation

3、 layer framework Struts, business logic framework Spring, data persistence layer framework Hibernate, J2EE framework integrated the new SSH and so on. The research content of this article applied to large Web program development enterprise, it makes for promoting productivity and improving software

4、quality, and has an important significant to promote the development of software industry in China.© 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of CEIS 2011Keywords: SSH framework; software development platform; Struts; Spring; Hibernate;1. IntroductionThe

5、 development of large enterprise-class Web application system usually requires a good software architecture to facilitate the collaborative development expansion and upgrading, but the traditional development model can't meet these requirements. For the current problems in the field of Web appli

6、cation development, following the principles and methods of systems engineering, comprehensive use software engineering, database systems, computer networks, object-oriented technology, and software automatic generation platform based on B/S structure of Java framework, to help developers build a We

7、b application system of clear structure, good reusability and easy maintenance in the short term.The design idea is running by the front end program that front large databases supported, the code of software development automatically complete by computer, programmers don't need to master Java an

8、d database technology will be able to develop better software systems. Translate the traditional coding of software development to system analysis, reduces the technical requirements for software developers, improve the development productivity of software, and changes the traditional software devel

9、opment model.2. Problems in Software DevelopmentAt this stage there are many problems in software development, mainly in the following areas 1:(1) The phenomena of software development "demand exceeds supply" effects the development of enterprises. Different companies need different softwa

10、re, without a universal software can be applied to each enterprise management information system. Software development cycle is long, code errors, software reliability is poor, unfavorable to maintain and upgrade. The need that enterprise for software more complex, and the software provided by softw

11、are development companies enterprise are not satisfied.(2) Software quality is unreliable, software maintenance is poor, users typically are not satisfied with the completed software. Software error is inevitable, and software testing need to spend a lot of time. Software maintenance personnel not o

12、nly understand business processes, but also familiar with software development technology, to solve a bug in the software may introduce new bugs, and many people are not willing to engage in software Maintenance. If Software often wrong, will cause users' dissatisfaction, and ultimately be aband

13、oned.(3) Software development personnel can't meet the needs of the market, they need to master too much knowledge. Software development requires master: database technology, database access technology and a variety of database management systems, network and Internet technology, development too

14、ls and related structures and class libraries, software testing and analysis tools, and many other technologies. As the acceleration of technical upgrading, developers constantly learning new technique while be busy working, the burden is too heavy.(4) The frequent flow of software developers has a

15、great loss to the company. Software is the intellectual products of people, each one has their own programming habits, ideas and methods. It's very difficult to read someone's program. If the developers leave the project half-way, others will difficult to take over, and even leave after the

16、delivery of software projects, others also very difficult to maintain.(5) Software don't have the appropriate document, that caused great difficulties to the latter part of the development, maintenance and reconstruction. Software development should be first to write a document then write the pr

17、ogram, modify the program after modify the document. But some developers do not develop good habits; some busy to write or modify the program and forget to modify the document, resulting in inconsistent with the document and procedures; many software development companies have no clear requirements

18、in the quantity, quality and format of the document.3. Key Technology of SSH Framework PlatformThe development of large enterprise-class Web application system usually requires a good software architecture to facilitate the collaborative development expansion and upgrading, and the more popular open

19、 source framework SSH, is a lightweight solution to develop the Web applications of enterprise-class J2EE. At present, the market there have been some commercial, open source application framework thatbased on J2EE, in which the mainstream framework technologies are Struts framework based on MVC pat

20、tern and Spring framework based on IoC pattern and object / relations mapping framework Hibernate and so on 1.3.1. Presentation Layer Framework StrutsIt is the MVC framework realized on the base of JSP Model, mainly divided into three parts of Model,Viewer and Controller, the design concept is decou

21、pling performance logic and business logic through Controller, to improve the maintainability, scalability and reusability of system 2-4. The architecture of Struts framework shown in figure 1.Fig1.Architecture of Struts frameworkView. View major comprises the JSP page, there is no process logic, bu

22、siness logic and model information, only mark. Struts itself contains a set of TagLib, which is also one of the essence, flexibly use can simplify the code of JSP pages and improve the development efficiency.Controller. The Controller in Struts is ActionServlet mainly provided by itself. ActionServl

23、et receives all requests from clients and transfers the control to the appropriate Action according to the configuration file (struts-config.xml).Model. Struts don't define the implementation of specific Model layer, Model layer usually closely relates with business logic, and has persistence re

24、quirements. At present in commercial areas and the open source world, both have some excellent tools for facilitating the development of Model layer.3.2. Business Logic Layer Framework SpringIt's a powerful lightweight framework that solutes many common problems in J2EE and can replace EJB techn

25、ology. Lightweight refers here is the Spring framework itself rather than means Spring can only be used for lightweight application development 8. The lightness of Spring reflects in the framework of their own infrastructure and the support and assembly capabilities for other application tools. Comp

26、ared with the colossus EJB, Spring can make process development personnel reduce the risk that between the various techniques levels.In this way, without writing factory pattern, single pattern, or other construction method, can directly to obtain the necessary business components through the contai

27、ner. The structure of Spring framework shown in figure 2.Spring framework consists of seven well-defined modules, and each module or component can stand alone,or realizes joint with one or more modules. Spring Core Container is used to manage the IoC container of business component of, is the core o

28、f Spring applications; Spring DAO and Spring ORM provides abstraction module of data access, also integrates on Hibernate, JDO and iBatis and so popular support for object-relational mapping framework Module, and provides a buffer connection pooling, transaction processing and other important servic

29、es function to ensure the system performance and data integrity; Spring Web module provides a number of abstract package of Web application, which can integrate Web framework such as Struts, WebWork and Spring to their own solutions.3.3. Data Persistence Layer Framework HibernateO/R Mapping technolo

30、gy is generated to solve the contradiction not match between relational database and object-oriented programming. Hibernate is the most popular O/R Mapping framework, automatic mapping between relational database and Java objects, that programmers can use a very simple way to achieve database operat

31、ion. The working principle of Hibernate shown in figure 3.Hibernate through JDBC package, shields the underlying database operationsto programmer, so the programmer focus on OO application development, and improve development efficiency. The work programmers access the database is prepare Xml mappin

32、g file for persistent object.Changes in the underlying database simply change the initial configuration file(hibernate.cfg.xml or perties) can not affect the application.Hibernate has its own object-oriented query language HQL, HQL is powerful and supports for the current most popular d

33、atabases such as Oracle, DB2, MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server, etc., is the most widely used O/R mapping tool. Hibernate provides the underlying support for the rapid development application.3.4. New J2EE Framework for Integrated SSHAnalyzed the three framework technology based on J2EE, then improve the

34、 traditional J2EE Web development model through integrating these three technologies framework, form a new, lightweight J2EE framework. System architecture of integrated SSH framework shown in figure 4.From the responsibility system is divided into four layers: presentation layer, business logic lay

35、er, data persistence layer and domain module layer. Which uses Struts as the overall infrastructure of system, is responsible for the separation of MVC, in the model of Struts framework, we use Hibernate framework to support for presentation layer, the business layer with Spring. Specifically way is

36、: Based on requirements put forward some modules by object oriented analysis method, implement these models as a basic Java object, and then write a basic DAO interface, and gives the DAO implementation of Hibernate, using DAO classes that implemented by Hibernate framework to achieve the conversion

37、 and access betweenJava classes and database, and finally completed business logic by the Spring.The basic business processes of system are: in the presentation layer, first through the JSP interface realize interaction interface, and responsible for sending Request and receiving Response, then acco

38、rding to the configuration files (struts-config.xml) Struts delegates the Request received by ActionServlet to the appropriate Action to treatment. In the business layer, the Spring IoC container of management services component is responsible for providing services to the Action Model components an

39、d the DAO of this component to complete business logic, and provides transaction processing, buffer pool and so on container components to improve system performance and ensure data integrity. In the persistence layer, depends on the object mapping of Hibernate and database interaction, dealing with

40、 the data that DAO components requested and returns the results.4. ConclusionWith SSH framework, not only achieves the complete separation of View, Controller and Model, but also realizes the separation of business logic layer and persistence layer. No matter what changes the front, the model layer

41、with little changes, and database changes will not affect front-end and improves the reusability of the system. As the coupling between different layers is small, it's conducive to team members work in parallel and improve development efficiency.AcknowledgmentThis work is supported by Innovation

42、 Team Program of Beijing Academy of Science and Technology (IG201106N), Education department of liaoning province key laboratory fund project (2008S002) and Liaoning doctoral fundation (20091034).中文译文研究软件开发平台基于SSH框架结构摘要软件开发平台的研究是一个复杂的系统工程。对于当前的问题Web应用程序开发领域，使用计算机相关技术，结合更流行的开放源代码SSH框架，研究基于SSH框架建设软件开发

43、平台。基于分析软件开发存在的问题，着重研究了SSH框架平台的关键技术，包括表示层、业务逻辑框架、基于Web的Struts框架，业务逻辑层Spring框架，数据持久层框架Hibernate，J2EE框架集成新的SSH等等。研究内容的本文应用于大型Web程序开发企业，它使促进生产力和改善软件质量，同时也有一个重要的意义那就是促进软件产业在中国的显著发展。1介绍发展大型的企业级Web应用系统通常需要一个好的软件体系结构，以促进协作开发扩张和升级，但是传统的发展模式不能满足这些要求。对于当前问题领域的Web应用程序开发，遵循系统工程原理和方法，全面使用软件工程、数据库系统、计算机网络、面向对象技术、和

44、结合更流行的开放源代码框架SSH(Spring，Struts，Hibernate)，研究软件自动生成平台基于B / S结构的Java框架，帮助开发人员构建一个Web应用系统的清晰的结构，良好的可重用性和易于维护的短术语。设计理念是运行在前端程序支持前面的大型数据库代码的由计算机自动完成软件开发程序员不需要掌握Java和数据库技术将会开发出更好的软件系统。对于系统分析将通过翻译传统的编码软件开发，降低软件开发人员的技术要求，提高软件的开发效率，改变了传统的软件开发模型。2问题在软件开发在软件开发中这个阶段存在许多的问题，主要是在以下领域：(1)现象的软件开发“供不应求”发展的影响企业。不同的公司

45、需要不同的软件，没有一个通用的软件可以被应用到每个企业的管理信息系统。软件的开发周期很长、代码错误，软件可靠性差，不利于维护和升级。企业软件的需求更复杂，而软件公司提供开发的软件企业不满意。(2)软件质量是不可靠的，软件维护差，用户通常不满意这个完成的软件。软件错误是不可避免的，软件测试需要花很多时间。软件维护人员不仅了解业务流程，但也熟悉软件开发技术，来解决一个错误的同时在软件中可能会引入新的错误，因此许多人不愿意从事软件维护。如果软件经常出错，会引起用户的不满，最终用户将放弃此软件的使用。(3)软件开发人员不能满足市场需要，他们还需要掌握太多知识。软件开发需要掌握：数据库技术、数据库访问技

46、术和各种数据库管理系统、网络和互联网技术，开发工具和相关结构和类库、软件测试和分析工具，和许多其他技术。想要加速技术升级，开发人员需要不断学习新技术而忙碌工作，负担太重了。(4)经常性的软件开发人员流动会给公司带来一个巨大的损失。软件是人的知识产品，每个人都有自己的编程习惯，思想和方法。这是非常难以阅读别人的程序。如果开发人员项目中途离开，其他人将会很难接管，甚至交付这项软件工程之后离开，别人也很难维护此软件。(5)软件没有适当的文件，这回给后半部分的开发、维护和重建带来极大困难。软件开发应该先写一个文档然后编写程序，修改程序后然后修改文档。但一些开发人员不养成良好的习惯，有些忙于写或修改程序

47、，但是忘记修改文档，导致文档和程序不对应或者不符合；许多软件开发公司在文档的数量、质量和格式上没有明确的要求。3SSH框架平台的关键技术发展大型的企业级Web应用系统通常需要一个好的软件体系结构，以促进协作开发扩张和升级，更受欢迎的开源框架SSH，是一个轻量级的解决方案来开发Web应用程序的企业级J2EE。目前，市场上已经有一些商业级开源的应用程序框架，例如：基于J2EE的主流技术框架Struts框架，基于MVC模式和Spring框架的控制反转模式和对象/关系映射框架Hibernate等。3.1 表示层框架Struts它是MVC框架实现JSP模型的基础上，主要分为三个部分的模型：显示器和控制器

48、，设计理念是解耦性能逻辑和业务逻辑通过控制器，提高可维护性、可扩展性和可重用性的系统的体系结构。Struts框架如图1。视图。视图主要由JSP页面没有过程逻辑、业务逻辑和模型信息，只有标记。Struts本身包含一组标签，它也是一种本质灵活使用能够简化JSP页面代码，提高开发效率。控制器。控制器在Struts是主要提供ActionServlet本身。ActionServlet根据配置文件(struts - config . xml)接收所有来自客户机的请求和传输控制到适当的行动。模型。Struts不定义实现的特定模型层、模型层通常与业务逻辑密切有关，并持续保留下去。目前在商业领域和开放源世界，都有一些优秀的工具来促进发展模型层。图1 Struts 框架结构3.2 业务逻辑层Spring框架这是一个强大的轻量级框架，在J2EE包含着许多常见的问题和可以替代的EJB技术。这里指的是Sprin