上海暑期英语小升初六升七新初一讲义易混词辨析同义句转换(牛津新世纪版本通用)(十五)

1、学员编号：年 级：新初一课时数：3学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课类型C-易混词辨析C-同义-T-写作（易错点）授课日期及时段教学内容木题-、专题知识梳理常考的易混词有：1. something、 anything、 everything、 nothing 的区另U：2. many、 much、 some、 any 的区另k3. little、 a little、 few、 a few、lots of、 a lot of 的区别：4. other、 another、 the other、 others、 the others 的区另k5. both 与 all、none 与 no 的区别

2、：6. listen 与 hear 的区别：7. cost、 pay、 spend、 take 的区另k8. look、watch、see的区别：9. say、speak、talk 的区别：10. sometimes、 often、 never、 always> seldom、 ever、 once 的区另U：二、专题精讲too much much too1. The computer is expensive.2. Stop, Peter. You talked.3. I ' ve got work to do.4. Father, have a rest. You'

3、ve tired today.5. Hurry up! You have wasted time.参考答案： much too; too much; too much; much too; too muchtoo much 太多”用作形容词，后接不可数名词。如： too much water, too much snow, too much rain 。也可用作代词。如：Don't eat too much.别吃太多了。much too "太"是副词。后接形容词或副词。如:It is much too cold today. He is always doing t

4、hings much too carelessly.soundlisten tohear1. the radio, it says the flood is coming soon.2. I can ' t you , because there ' s something wrong with my ears.3. What you said interesting.参考答案： Listen to; hear; soundssound听起来（系动词，接形容词作表语）listen to听 强调听的动作与方向hear听见强调听的结果 look uplook for find1.

5、He often takes a dictionary and the new words in it?2. The little girl her pen everywhere but didn ' t it at last.3. Look! Rita is crying over there. Let' s go and why is she crying.参考答案：looks up; looked for; find; findlook up查词典、书、电话簿等，代词放中间look for寻找强调找的动作find找到强调结果 keepborrowlend1. - My b

6、ike is broken, can I yours ,Lily?Oh, sorry, I ' ve it to Sandy.2. - How long may I this book?-For about two weeks.参考答案：borrow; lent; keepkeep借是一个延续性动词borrow 借（进） 强调从别人那里借来，有 borrowfromlend借（出）强调将东西借给别人，有 lendtoin front ofin the front of1. He satthe bus.2. He sat me.3. There are many trees my hou

7、se.4. The girl is standing the classroom.参考答案：in the front of; in front of; in front of; in the front ofin front of （没有范围）in the front of （有一定的范围限制）在前面in hospitalin the hospital1. My grandma is, my mother must look after her.2. The lady in a red dress works.参考答案：in hospital; in the hospital; in the

8、hospital in hospital指生病住院in the hospital指在医院工作或去探视stop to do stop doing1. Stop(talk), the baby is sleeping.2. My mother stops(clean) the house, she wants to buy some food for dinner. 参考答案：talking; to cleanstop to do指停止一件事情去做另一件事情stop doing指停止正在做的事情looklook at see watch1. The coat nice, I want to buy

9、 one for my daughter.2. Please the blackboard, can you anything?3. She doesn ' t like TV she likes football game.参考答案：looks; look at; see; watching; watchinglook看起来(系动词，接形容词作表语)look at朝看 强调看的方向see看见强调看到的结果watch观看 尤其指看电视，看球赛等look likelook atlook forlook after、 My mother asks me to my little siste

10、r.二、 The girl's bike is lost. She is it.三、The polar bear a bear.四、my new watch , it's beautiful.参考答案：look after; looking for; looks like; Look atlook like看起来像look at看look for寻找look after 照顾few littlea fewa little1. He feels boring . He has friends.2. There ' s onlysoup left.3. The bus is

11、 coming,people are waiting for the bus.4. The lake is not near, so there' s o le going swimming there.5. You have to hurry to school, there' s time left.参考答案：few; a little; a few; few; littlefew表小否TE+可数名词复数a few表小目7E+可数名词复数little表小否TE+不可数名词复数a little表小目7E+不可数名词复数turn offcloseturn onopen1 .th

12、e windows pl ease. It ' s so cold outside.2 .the lights before you leave the room.3 . The dog the box and took the bone out!4 .the TV, I want to watch the NBA basketball games.参考答案： Close; Turn off; opened; Turn onturn off关（电器）close关（门、窗、书等）turn on开（电器）open开（门、窗、书等） take cost spend pay1. It ofte

13、n about 3 hours to get to school from my home.2. - Who will for the bill?-Maybe our boss.3. The house him 30,000 dollars.4. His cousin the whole day making the toy car yesterday.参考答案： takes; pay; cost; spenttake花费 尤指花费时间，主语为物常有it takes sb some time to do sthcost 花费 指花金钱 , 主语为物常有 cost sb some moneysp

14、end 花费 主语为人 常有 spend doing或 spend - on sth pay 花费 主语为人 常有 pay - forput on wear dress1. the warm clothes, it' s cold outside.2. Mary is always red clothes . Maybe red is her favorite color.3. The little boy could himself when he was three years old.参考答案：Put on; wearing; dressput on穿上强调穿衣的动作，宾语为物w

15、ear穿着 强调穿的状态，是一个延续性动词，宾语为物dress给穿衣服,宾语为人 otheranotherothersthe other1. Some students like English and students like physics.2. John did better than all players in the sport.3. I have two pens. One is blue.is black.4. This shirt is too large for me. Please show me.5. Some of us like singing and danci

16、ng,go in for sports.参考答案：other; other; the other; another; othersother表示 别的“，另外的"，只能与复数名词连用。another表示 总数为三个以上中任意的另一个“，表示泛指。如：other +名词复数 another+名词单数 others=other+名词复数泛指the other表示 两个数量中的另一个“，表示特指，总数为俩；常用于 one.the other的句型中其他习惯用法 one another, from one to another, the other day = a few days ag o

17、every otherboringinterestingsurprisinginterestingexcitingboredinterestedsurprisedinterestedexcited1. All the students are(excite).2. I feel, the film is.(bore)3. Sally is in singing English songs.(interest)参考答案： excited; bored; boring; interested以第一组词为例进行解释，bored用于形容人，一般用作表语。如 I am bored.boring用于形容物

18、，意思是令人厌烦的，乏味的。如 it is a boring day!how many timeshow soon how often how long1. I don ' t know this will take.2. I wonder he will come.3. "have you been to Beijing?”" 4 times. ”4. -do the American people elect a president?-Every four years.5.is the longest river?参考答案： how long; how soon

19、; How many times; How often; How longhow 10ng指多长时间，主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four weeks等)提问？如:How long ago was it?这是多久前的事 了？how many times指多少次，主要对动作发生的次数进行询问、how often指每隔多久，主要用来对频率副词或状语(如once a week等)提问？如:一How often does he come here? Oncea month.他(每隔)多久来一次？每月一次？how soon指再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(in an hour,

20、 in two weeks 等)提问 我口:How soon can you come?你多快能赶来？三、专题过关1.(A.) My father likesbooks in the evening .looking at, watchB. watches, seeHe doesn' t oftenTV. (2006.13)C. to read, watchesD. reading, watch2.()He doesn ' t like playing football. She doesn't like it,.(2007.4).7.8.A.A. als

21、oB. tooC. neither()My brother doesn ' t like pets. I don' t like(20ts8.1)A.tooB.eitherC. also()The book is.My sister isin reading it. (2008.8)A.interested, interesting B.interesting,interestingC. interesting,interested()Tom and Jimhome at7:00. (2008.10)A. Both,goesB.All,goC.Both,go() does Li

22、ly dance every day? (2010.17)A. How oftenB. How longC. How many()Sandy' present20 yuan. (2010.22)A. costsB. paysC.spends()I bumped into a few foreign friendsin the street. (2011.1)a few daysB. other daysC. the other dayD. eitherD. How muchD.takesD. the other days9.(A.)will the concert last? (201

23、1.8)How longB. How soonC. WhereD. What参考答案：1-5 DDBCC 6-9 BACA四、学法提炼1 .区分基本的易混词辨析。2 .能够在题目中灵活应用。一、专题知识梳理同义句转换题是近几年小升初英语考试的一个常考题型，其出题形式通常是同时给出两个句子，第一句完整， 第二句中设有几处空格，要求考生填入适当的词或词组，使第二句的意思与第一句意思相同。同义句转换题综合考查考生的语法、词汇、短语或习惯用语和句型结构等知识，要求运用所学的词汇、语法知识和句型结构填写句子，使句子结构完整、逻辑合理、语法知识无误、意思与所给句子相同。通过对近几年的小升初英语试题中同义句

24、转换题的分析，我们可以发现同义句转换题主要考查以下几个方面:I. 运用同义词（组）进行转换II. 利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换III. 运用反义词（组）的否定式进行转换用法详解I .运用同义词（组）进行转换用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换，注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成 分相适应。常考同义词组come from = be from 来自a moment ago = just now 刚才have a good time = enjoy oneself 玩得愉快catch a bus = take a bus 坐车help = give. a hand 帮助bor

25、row sth from sb = lend sth to sb = lend sb sth借某人某东西a lot of = lots of = many+可数名词复数=much+不可数名词单数许多help sb to do sth = help sb do sth = help sb with sth帮助某人干某事would like = want 要，想要give sb sth = give sth to sb 给be good at = do well in 擅于、擅长look after = take care of 照顾like better than = prefer 比起 to

26、更喜欢likebest = favourite最喜欢on a bike = by bike 骑自行车walk to.= go to .on foot步行去 have a rest = take a rest have a break 休息一会儿look at = have a look at 看一看II .利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换常考同义句型Can you tell me the way to= Can you tell me how to get to 能告诉我去某地怎么走吗？It ' s time to do sth = it' s time for sb 而 do

27、st的时间Why don' t you = Why not There ' s nothing wrong . = Nothing is wrong .这没什么事。What' s the matter with? = What' s wrong with?III .运用反义词（组）的否定式进行转换即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思，主要考查学生对反义词积累和换位思维的能力。二、专题精讲1. That day we could see flowers here and there.That day we could see flowers.分析： 答案为

28、 everywhere。everywhere 与 here and there者B表示 至U处“。2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.The teacher always the children well in the school.分析：答案为 100ks after。take good care of与 look after we啖示 好好照顾”。3. John went to bed after he finished his homework.John go to bed he fin

29、ished his homework.分析：原句答案为"didn' go until",运用"notuntil”（直到时候才）这一句型。4. It ' s clear that this visit is different from last time.It ' s clear that this visit is not the last time.分析： 答案为 same as be different from意为 与不同“；the same as意为与相同“，其否定式与bedifferent from 同义。5. He lent

30、some money to his friend.He friend some money him.分析：答案为 borrowed , from。borrow from 意为 向借"；lend to意为 把借给”。两个结构意思相反，但若变换惜出者”与 借入者”的位置，则可转换为同义句。三、专题过关1. I like the actor Paul Smith best.（改为同义句）（2007 2011） actor is Paul Smith.2. Can I look at your new sofa?（改为同义句）（2007）Can Iyour new sofa?3. I jum

31、p higher than my brother.（同义句转换）（20092011）My brother than me.4. It ' s time for supper.改成同义句）It's the.5. I am very busy now.（改为同义句）（广东奥校初中入学考试英语） I am very busy.6. I like English best.（改为同义句）（广东奥校初中入学考试英语） English is my.Keys:A. My favouriteB. have a look atC. jumps lowerD. supper timeE. at t

32、he momentF. favourite subject1. Can you tell me the way to the post office?（同义句）Can you tell me get to the post office?2. Tom is tall,but Denny is short.（改为同义句）Tom is Denny.3. There are over 2,700 students in our school this term.（同义句转换） There are 2,700 students in our school this term.4. Can you he

33、lp me?（同义句转换）Can you a hand?5. Janet is from American.（改成同义句 ）Janet.6. My sister does well in English.（改成同义句）My sister English.Keys:11. how to12. taller than13. more than14. give me15. comes from16. is good at四、学法提炼1 .掌握同义句转换，并在题目中灵活应用。2 .注意同义词，反义词的转换。、能力培养书面表达错点分析1 .漏掉内容要点中考书面表达一般为提示作文，即根据所给情景写一篇60

34、80个词左右的短文。提供的情景在形式上有图画，文字提纲、表格等，而情景所提供的信息是多方面的，考生既不能只对某一要点进行过度，不必要的发挥，而 忽视了其它要点，也不能只简单地说明一下要点，从而导致内容不够具体和丰富。2 .语言表达不规范这是考生普遍存在的问题，具体表现为：a.单词大小写问题。如把中国写成china, OK写成ok等。b.单词拼写错误。如在单词中把 a写成u，把v写成r等。此错误因追求速度造成，只要稍加注意，是可以克 服的。尤其注意名词复数问题c.动词形式不正确。其中以不规则动词的过去式、过去分词的拼写错误最常见。尤其注意三单的变化，以及动 词的时态语态d.汉语式英语。在写英语作

35、文时，不少同学总是先在脑子里形成中文，然后逐字翻译成英文。因不能很好地把 握中英文之间的区别而导致此类错误。3 .典型错误分析汉：我们将在那儿吃午饭。英： We will stay there have lunch.正确译文： We will have lunch there.汉：他认为你最好乘火车去广州。英：He think that you best by train go to Guangzhou.正确译文： He thinks that you ' d better go to Guangzhou by train.4 .句型错误如 Please don ' t smo

36、kin的使句动词用Please don ' t smoke.5 .句子无条理，行文不连贯书面表达的要求之一就是能有效地使用语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。考生应具备正确的使用并列、让 步、转折、因果等关系的过渡词的能力，使所写短文通顺、连贯。二、能力检测以 我有一个梦想”为题写一篇不少于 60个字的短文。My dream is to be /to do /to go I enjoy/ like/ preferTo make my dream come true, I If my dream comes true,中 04C 题I have a dream1: Like many ot

37、her people, I also have a dream. I hope to be a famous football star. Why? Because football is played all overthe world and I love the flowers and cheers. I think its wonderful to have a lot of fans who love you and support y(13Besides, if I become a world-famous star like Yao Ming or Liu Xiang, I c

38、an let the world know more about china, such as Chinese traditions and culture. From now on, I must study hard and play football better, I am sure to make my dream come true. (97words)三、能力点评一、知识收获学法升华1 .易混词辨析。2 .同义句的转换；、3 .语法陷阱题。二、方法总结1 .注意易混词在题目中的具体应用，可以采取口诀等巧背法。2 .同义词，反义词的背诵。三、技巧提炼1 .通过巧记，比较等方法熟记易

39、混辨析词组。2 .注意做题时的审题。课后作业I choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案)(20%,共 20 题)()1 . A : Let s do some shopping , shall we ?B :.A. No , I don'Bt Yes , let ' C. Let ' s go D. Thank you()2 . Why an English song together ?A. not to sing B. not sing C. to not sing D. don ' t sing()3. There is goin

40、g to be a football match Class One Class Two .A. among or B. between - with C. of - with D. between and()4 . The Zhangs dinner at the moment.A. are having B. is having C. are have D. is have()5 . Lucy ismonitor of their class .A. theBT/C. a D. an()6 . A : Jack can do waist bends very well.B :.A. So

41、I can . B. So do I . C. So I do .D. So can I .()7. Mrs Yang teaches maths. We all likeA. us; herB. our; herC. We; herD . us; she()8 David likes to go to the cinema .A . in schoolB. at schoolC. after schoolD. from school()9 . Mary often helps with English .A. me; myB I； myC. My ; meD. me; mine()10. H

42、is name is Peter. We often him Little MonkeyA . sayB. tellC. callD. speak()11. are good friends. We always help each other at sch001.A . Alice and IB. Alice and meC. I and AliceD. Me and Alice()12 . He is playing this game the first time .A. at B. forC. inD. of( )13 Mr Brown is waiting for his son t

43、he school gate.A. at B. inC. toD. of( )14. You can make a lot of new friendsA. atB. ona party.C. withD. of( )15. Mary is good at.A. danceB. dancesC. dancingD. dancer( )16. do you live?I live at 188 Garden Street.A. Where B. Who C. What D. Which( )17. My friend and I keep in touch with each other e-m

44、ail.A. withB. in C. byD. to( )18.1 don't do well in maths. Could you help me my mathsA. atB. with C. toD. of()19. His younger brother at Shanghai No. 1 Junior High SchoolA. don't studyB. doesn't studiesC. don't studiesD. doesn't study()20. The boy is Bill Black. Black is his .A.

45、nameB, family nameC. given nameD. first nameII. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子):(10%,共 10 题)1. School life is interesting and busy . ( all , both )2. Lesson is very dull . ( Three , Third )3. Did you do exercises in your PE class ? ( some , any

46、 )4. There are boys in Class Two . ( nineteen , ninteen)5. Bob can skateboard two faster than Jack . ( time , times )6. How is ten plus five ? ( much , many )7. clever the students are ! ( How, What )8. Two years ago, she was twice her brother age. ( John , John' s )9. Ten minus six four . ( equ

47、als , equal )10. Canada is the second country in the world . ( bigger , biggest )111 . Rewrite the following sentences as required.(根据所给要求，改写句子，每空格限填一词)：(20%,共 10 题)112 id you have a good time in the summer holidays , Mary ?( 同意句改写)Did you in the summer holidays , Mary ?113 Please let me look at you

48、r new books .(同意改写)Please your new books .114 wo plus four is eight .(划线问)is two plus four ?4.It ' s time for sports保持句意不变)It ' s time sports.5. The book costs 25 yuan.(对划线部分提问) How the book cost?6. The boys are playing football.(对划线部分提问) are the boys ?7. It takes me about 30 minutes to go t

49、o the library.（划线部分提问） does it take you to get to the library?8. He has a class meeting every Friday.（改为否定句）He a class meeting every Friday9. Julia Brown is from America .（就划线部分提问）Julia Brown from?10. Shall we go to the cinema?（保持原句意思） going to the cinema?IV .Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage （选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）：（6 分）There are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Almost 1 the trees around us areflowering plants. You can _2 some trees from their flowers and fruits. Non