高中生物 第7章 第2节 现代生物进化理论的主要内容课件 新人教版必修2 (36)

1、必修必修 1 Unit 2 English around the world 重重 点点 单单 词词1. _ adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的 n.官员2. _ adv. 官方地 _ n. 航行；航海3. _ adj. 本国的；本地的n.本地人；本国人4. _ adv. 实际上；事实上 _ adj. 真实的；实际的5. _ vt. 以为根据 n.基部；基地；基础_ adj. 基本的；基础的6. _ adj. 逐渐的；逐步的_ adv. 逐渐地；逐步地7. _ n. 拼写；写法_ vt. 拼写8. _ n. 词汇；词汇量9._ adj. 较后的；后半的；（两者中）后者的 _ adj. 最新的；最

2、近的officialofficiallyvoyagenativeactuallyactualbasebasicgradualgraduallyspellingspellvocabularylatterlatest学生用书见P6 重重 点点 单单 词词 adj. 后期的 adv.后来 adv. 近来；最近10. n. 本身；身份 vt. 辨认 adj. 可辨认的11. adj. 流利的；流畅的 adv. 流利地；流畅地 n. 流利，流畅12. adj. 频繁的，常见的 adv. 常常；频繁地 n. 频率13. n. 使用；用法；词语惯用法14. n.& vt. 命令；指令；掌握 n. 司

3、令 n.& vt. 请求；要求16. n. 词语；表示；表达; 表情 vt. 表达laterlatelyidentityidentifyidentifiablefluentfluentlyfluencyfrequentfrequentlyfrequencyusagecommandcommanderrequestexpressionexpress 重重 点点 单单 词词17 adj. 东方的；东部的18. vt. 辨认出;承认；公认 n. 认出 adj. 可辨认的19. n. 口音；腔调；重音20. adv. 直接；挺直 adj.直的；笔直的；正直的easternrecognizerec

4、ognitionrecognizableaccentstraight 重重 点点 短短 语语1._ 因为；由于2._ 走近；上来；提出3._ 以为基础4._ 现在；目前5._ 利用；使用6._ 例如；像这种的7._ 扮演一个角色；参与8._ 尽管；即使9._ 许多的；大量的10._ 世界各地11._ 在十六世纪末12._ 一大块13._ 母语14._ 引来；引起；吸收becaus e ofcome upbe based onat presentmake use ofsuch asplay a part (in)even if/thougha large number ofall around

5、the worldat the end of the 16th centurya block ofmother tonguebring in 重点重点 句型句型1. 疑问词+do you think+（主语+）谓语Which country do you think has the most English learners?（教材P9）2.even if/thoug 引导让步状语从句Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English. （教材P10

6、）3.more.than.与其说倒不如说It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.（教材P10） 重重 点点 句句 型型4.no such+单数名词Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. (教材P13)5.way表示方式、方法，后接定语从句However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak. （教材P13） 语语 法法

7、 要要 点点直接引语和间接引语（）：请求与命令“Look at this example,” the teacher said to us. The teacher told us to look at that example. The teacher told us to look at that example.“Would you like to see my flat?” she asked. She asked me to see her flat. She asked me to see her flat.actually adv.实际上；事实上Actually all lang

8、uages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. (教材P10)事实上，当不同文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展的。1 表示“实际上，事实上”还有以下一些短语：in fact/as a matter of fact/in reality/in effect He looked calm, but actually he was very nervous. 他看起来很镇定，但实际上却非常紧张。 Everyone likes the stranger, but in reali

9、ty he is a criminal. 每个人都喜欢这位陌生人,其实他却是个罪犯。 The two methods were in effect identical. 那两个办法实际上是一样的。 表示“实际上，事实上”还有以下一些语：in fact/as a matter of fact/in reality/in effectbase vt.以为根据或基础 n.基地；基础It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. （教材P10）当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而不是我们今天所说的英语。2 base.on

10、. 以为根据/基础 on the base of 以为基础 a military base 军事基地(3) basic adj. 基本的,基础的(1)(2) You should base your conclusion on careful research.你应该根据严谨的研究得出结论。 We will stick to international climate change negotiation, and work with others to protect our globe based on the principle of common but differentiated

11、responsibilities.中国将继续积极参与气候变化国际谈判，根据“共同但有区别的责任”原则，与国际社会一道共同呵护人类赖以生存的地球家园。 This provides a good base for the development of techniques. 这为科技发展提供了很好的基础。 At the base of the mountain we built a new house.我们在山脚下建了一所新房子。3 give a command 发布命令 in command of 指挥 take command of 控制；担任的指挥 at sbs command （由）某人指

12、挥；听某人的支配 have a good command of. 精通，掌握(2) command sb.to do sth. 命令某人做某事 command that sb.(should) do sth. 命令做command n.& vt.命令；指令；掌握Can you find the following command and request from Reading?（教材P12）你能从阅读部分中找出下列“命令”和“请求”吗？(1) The armed police arrived and took command of the situation.武装警察到达后就控制了局

13、势。 Applicants will be expected to have a good command of computer skills.申请人必须熟练掌握电脑技能。 He commanded the soldiers to shut the gate.他命令士兵们把大门关上。 The teacher commanded that he (should) go out of the classroom. =The teacher commanded him to go out of the classroom. 老师命令他离开教室。4request n.& vt.请求，要求Ca

14、n you find the following command and request from Reading? （教材P12）你能从阅读部分中找出下列“命令”和“请求”吗? make (a) request for 请求，要求 at sb.s request=at the request of sb. 应某人之要求 by request 应邀 be in request 有需要；受欢迎 on/upon request 一经请求 sb.to do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事 that.(should) do sth. 请求做某事 sth.from/of sb. 向某人请求某物(2) r

15、equest(1) I made a request that the students should be well prepared for the exam.我要求学生对考试做好充分的准备。 At the request of the police officer, he got out of the car. 在警察的要求下，他下了车。 That famous singer sang again by request.那个著名的歌手依大家要求再次献唱。 You are requested not to smoke in the library.请不要在图书馆吸烟。 She reques

16、ted that no one (should) be told of her decision. 她要求不要向任何人谈起她的决定。 Mary requested an MP4 from her father. 玛丽向她爸爸要了一个MP4。recognize vt.认出，辨认出；承认，公认Although many Americans move a lot，they still recognize and understand each others dialects.（教材P13）虽然许多美国人经常搬家，但是他们仍然能够辨别和理解彼此的方言。5recognize sb./ones voice

17、 认出某人/听出某人的声音 recognize sb./sth.as/to be. 承认某人/物是 be recognized as. 被公认为/承认是 recognize sth./that. 承认/认识某事物 recognition n. 认出；认识 out of/beyond recognition 认不出来(2)(3) The moment I answered the phone, I recognized his voice. 我一接电话，就听出了他的声音。 We all recognize him to be a good teacher. 我们都承认他是一个好老师。 Linco

18、ln is recognized as one of the greatest presidents in America.林肯被认为是美国最伟大的总统之一。 I recognize that I am not fit for the job. 我承认我不适合这项工作。1come up 走近；上来；提出 Yes， Id like to come up to your apartmen（教材P10）好的，我很乐意到你的公寓去。结合下面例句体会come up的不同含义： A beggar came up to us and asked for money. 一个乞丐走过来向我们要钱。 The qu

19、estion of wage increases came up at the board meeting.增加工资问题已在董事会上被提出。 I shall write to you if anything comes up. 如果发生了什么事情我将写信告诉你。 I sowed some seeds last week, but they havent come up yet.上星期我种了点种子，但现在还没长出来。 When the moon came up, the young people began their celebration.当月亮升起时，年轻人开始了他们的庆祝会。温馨提示温馨

20、提示：come up在指“问题，建议或方案等被提出”时为不及物动词短语，其主语通常为物，无被动语态；come up with则为“提出”，为及物动词短语，主语通常为人，宾语为表示“建议，计划，方案等”的名词。2make good/full/little use of 好好充分不充分利用make the best/most of 最佳利用take full advantage of 充分利用make use of 利用；使用So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before

21、. （教材P10）所以到17世纪初的时候，莎士比亚能够使用比以往任何时候都丰富的词汇。 The key is to make use of all possible means to market your idea.关键是要利用各种手段来推广你的看法。 You should be outside making the most of the sunshine. 你应该到户外尽量多晒晒太阳。1“疑问句疑问句+do you think+(主语主语+)谓语谓语”句式句式Which country do you think has the most English learners?(教材P9)你认

22、为哪个国家学英语的人最多？句中含有一个重要的句式，即：疑问句+do you think/believe/expect/suppose/imagine/say/suggest+(主语+)谓语。 What do you imagine he is doing now?你认为他此时正在干什么？ Where do you expect he has gone?你想他会到什么地方去了呢？ When do you suggest he will come?你以为他会什么时候来？2even if 引导让步状语从句Native English speakers can understand each othe

23、r even if they dont speak the same kind of English. （教材P10）以英语作为母语的人，即使他们讲的不是同一种英语，也能彼此听懂。比较：比较： Do you remember when he left?你记得他是什么时候离开的吗？ Do you know who came to school first this morning?你知道今天早晨谁最先来吗？even if 即便，即使Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same

24、kind of English. （教材P10）以英语作为母语的人，即使他们讲的不是同一种英语，也能彼此听懂。even if=even though 引导让步状语从句。 Even if we could afford it, we wouldnt go abroad for our vacation.即使我们付得起这笔钱，也不出国度假。 I wouldnt lose courage even if I should fail ten times.即使要失败十次,我也绝不灰心。(1) even so 尽管如此；即使这样 There are a lot of spelling mistakes;

25、even so, its quite a good essay.尽管有许多拼写错误，它仍不失为一篇佳作。(2) even now/then 甚至到现在（那时）；即使是这样（或那样）；尽管如此（或那样） Ive shown him the photos but even now he wont believe me.我把照片给他看了，即便是这样他仍然不相信我。 拓展延伸拓展延伸3more.than. 与其说倒不如说It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.（教材P10）当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础，而不是我

26、们今天所说的英语。(1)more than名词： 不仅仅，不只是(2)more than数词： 超过，多于(3)more than形容词/副词： 非常，十分，与very同义 I was more angry than worried when they didnt come home.他们没有回家，与其说我担心倒不如说我生气。 It was more the way he said it than what he said that made her sad.造成她不愉快的原因，与其说是他所说的话，倒不如说是他的说话方式。 He is more than a scientist； he is

27、also a poet.他不仅仅是位科学家，还是一位诗人。 In America, for example, the president cant receive present more than $75.以美国为例，总统不能接受超过75美元的礼物。 Im more than happy to take you there in my car.我非常乐意用我的车带你去那里。.品句填词品句填词（用所给词的恰当形式或根据语境写一个合适的词）1.If we persist in this practice, (gradual) well learn how to express ourselves

28、 in English.【答案】1.gradually2.Ive known Barbara for years. Since we were babies, (actual). 【答案】2.actually3. (frequent), she would find herself looking out of the window lost in thought. 【答案】3.Frequently4.He received the award in (recognize) of his success over the last year. 【答案】4.recognition5.He mad

29、e a request that all the damaged parts (replace) at the cost of the shipping company. 【答案】 5.(should) be replaced 6.The plane crashed four days ago, but theyre still holding out hope of finding more (survive). 【答案】6.survivals/survivors7.If your job is to design things, and there is no such thing bea

30、uty, then there is no way to get better at your job.【答案】7.as8.The (express) on her face told me that she didnt want to discuss it. 【答案】8.expression9.Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a city without bikes or one without cars, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the .【答案】latter/

31、former10.I am convinced that weve reached greater understanding. And that understanding serves the base for whatever we expect to do together.【答案】as.单句改错单句改错（含词汇和本单元的语法）1.His business went under because competition from the large corporations.【答案】【答案】because后加of2.Many families do not permit guests t

32、o help at all on the first visit, but if they become frequently guests in the house, they gradually join in the various daily activities of the family.【答案】【答案】frequentlyfrequent3.The boss commanded that his workers would not leave their office before dark.【答案】【答案】wouldshould/或去掉would4.You would take

33、 things as they came. All you had to do was to think a little harder and come up a new solution.【答案】【答案】come up后加with5.While he chatted with other tourists, I exchanged conversation in the darkness with a man seated in front of me, a Belgian who spoke fluently English.【答案】【答案】fluentlyfluent6.Were it

34、 left to me to decide whether we should have a city without bikes or one without cars, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the later.【答案】【答案】laterlatter7.A celebrity is a person who works hard all his life to become well-known, then wears dark glasses to avoid recognized. 【答案】avoid后加being8.The girl made uses of some waste cloth and made a skirt for the doll.【答案】usesuse9.They also requested him pay more attention to the details in design and make better use of natural air and sunlight to make the new buildings more comfortable and energy saving.【答