不定代词的用法及练习

1、学习好资料欢迎下载定义常用不定代词有：some( someth ing , somebody some on© , any (any thi ng , an ybody, anyone), no( no thi ng , n obody, no one) , every (everyth ing , everybody , every one), all , each, both , much, many (a) little , (a) few , other (s) , another , none, one , either , neither等。一般来讲，修饰不定代词的词要置

2、于其后。不定代词，即不指明代替任何特定 名词或形容词的代词。some,a ny ,all,both ,non e,either, neither,each,every,均为不定代词。用法不定代词大部分可以代替 名词和形容词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状 语。作主语Both of them are teachers.他们两人都是 教师。作宾语I know no thi ng about this pers on.我对这个人一无所知。作表语This book is too much difficult for a child 了。.这本书对一个小孩来说太难作定语There is a litt

3、le water in the glass 可以在强调一下 a little,little,a few,few a little剩一点儿了 数名词).玻璃杯里有一些水。的区别：通常带有肯定的意思，表示还有一点；而 little带有否定的意思，只。（little后通常加不可数名词）a few和few同上。（后通常加可作状语I can't find my book any where.我在任何地方都不能找到我的书。这一句也可以表示成：I can find my book nowhere.我在任何地方都不能找到我的书。修饰不定代词的词，一般情况下要后置 举例一般不定代词用法例子1. some

4、 些，某些，某个不定代词some可以代替名词和形容词，常用在 肯定句中作主语、宾语、定语 等。作定语时，它可以修饰 可数名词（单、复数皆可）和 不可数名词。例如： some are doctors ，some are nurses .有些人是医生，有些人是护士。（作主 语）2. any 些，任何不定代词any可以代替名词和形容词，常用在 否定句或疑问句中作主语、宾语、 定语等。作定语时，它可以修饰 可数名词（多为复数）和 不可数名词。例如： there isn ' t any ink in my pen.我的钢笔没有墨水。（作定语）不定代词any有时也可以用在 肯定句中，表示"

5、;任何的"。例如：you may come at any time ； i ' II be home the whole day.你任何时候来都行，我整天都将呆在家里。不定代词any也可以用作副词，做状语，表示程度。例如：is he any better today ?他今天好一点了吗？3. all全体，所有（指三者以上）不定代词all在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或同位语。它可以代表或修 饰可数名词和不可数名词。代表或修饰可数名词时，指两个以上的人或物。作先 行词时，引导词用that。例如：all were present at the meeting.全都到会了。（作

6、主语，代表 可数名词）4. both全部，都不定代词both指两个人或事物。和all 一样，可以用作主语、宾语、定语或同 位语。例如：we invited both to come to our farm.我们邀请两个人 都来我们的农场？（作宾语）5. none无人或无不定代词none的含义和all物相反，和no one，not any同义，但其用法相当 于名词，在句子中一般作主语或宾语。它代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用 单数形式；代替可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数皆可。例如：none of the problems is /are easy to solve.这些问题没有一个是容易

7、解决的。（作主语，代替可数名词）6. either 两者之中的任何一个，这个或那个。不定代词either可以作主语、宾语和定语。例如：either of them will agree to this arrangent.他们两人中会有人同意这样的安排的。（作主语）7. neither 两者都不不定代词neither 是either的否定形式，可以作主语、宾语和定语。例如：neither is in teresti ng.两个都没有趣。（作主语）8. each每个，各自的不定代词each指每一个人或事物的个别情况，甚至指这些个别情况各不相同。 它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。例如：sh

8、e gave the childre n two apples each.她给了每个小孩两个苹果。（作 thechildre n 的同位语。）9. every 每个，每一的，一切的不定代词every有"全体"的意思，和all的意义相近，但只能作定语。复合不定代词1. some, any, every, no 都能和one, body, thing起构成代词，这些代词叫复合不定代词。它们基本含义为：指人 somebodysome one 某人anybody、anyone :任何人 everybody、every one :每人 no body、no one :没人指物Some

9、thing某物某事anything 任何事物everything 切nothing 没东西2. 一般情况下，some构成的复合不定代词，其作用和some相同，用于肯定句； any构成的复合不定代词用于 否定句或疑问句；no构成的复合不定代词表示否定 含义，用于否定句。如： I have someth ing to tell you.我有事要告诉你。 He didn ' t say anything at the meeting yesterday.昨天在会上他没发言。 Everybody likes swimming.每个人都喜欢 游泳。 There is no thi ng wron

10、g with your ears.你耳朵没毛病。3. something可用于提建议或请求的问句中，以及希望说话对方作出肯定回答 的问句中。如：Would you like somethi ng to eat? 你要吃点东西吗？4. 复合不定代词在句子中作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：Nobody knows his name. 没有人知道他的名字。5. 不定代词的定语要后置。如：Is there anything important in today' s newspaper? 今天的报纸上有什么重要新闻吗？一般的，不定代词（包括复合不定代词）在句子中，通常用第三人称单数形式6

11、。复合不定代词的否定。1、 “not every -”表示的是部分否定，意为“并非都，不都”。例如：Not everythi ng will go well.并非一切都会那么顺利。The teacher did n ' t call every one' s n ame. 老师并没有点所有人的名。2、“not any - ”和no-均表示全否定。例如：He liste ned, but heard nothi ng.他听了听，但什么也没听到。=He listened, but didn' t hear anything.You have n' t called

12、anyone/an ybody up, have you?你没给谁打过电话，是吗？=You have called no one/n obody up, have you?1. 不定式是英语动词的一种形式。它在许多情况下可省略"to",它不同于汉语动 词，汉语动词只有一种形式。如：我看书。她看书。但 英语要说“看”必须根据 主语的人称，动作发生的时间等确定其形式。女如： 1） I read a book. 2）Shereads a book.1 ）句中的 “ read”是一般现在时第一人称 的动词定式。2）句中的“ reads”是一般现在时第三人称 单数的动词定式。I wa

13、nt to read a book./She wants to read a book.我想要看书。她想要看书。其中的“看”不易确定其形式。因为动作还未发生， 因此称不定式。通俗的说，就是“不一定是什么形式”2. 不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词，英语中不定代词有：some（ someth ing，somebody some on© ，any （any thi ng ，an ybody，anyone）， no（ no thi ng ，n obody, no one） ， every （ everyth ing ，everybody，every one）， all ，ea

14、ch，both，much, many （a） little ， （a） few，other （s） ，another， none， one， either ， neither 等。1）陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用aren't I.rm as tall as your sister， aren't I?2）陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。I wish to have a word with you, may I?3）陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely,little等否

15、定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。The Swede made no an swer, did he / she?Some pla nts n ever blow n （开花）,do they ?4）含有ought to的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用should n't /ought n't + 主语。He ought to know what to do, ought n't he? / should n't he?5）陈述部分有have to +v. （had to + v.），疑问部分常用don't +主语（did n't+主语

16、）。We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?6）陈述部分的谓语是used to时，疑问部分用did n't +主语或used n't +主语。He used to take pictures there, did n't he? / used n't he?7）陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用had n't you?You'd better read it by yourself, had n't you?8）陈述部分有would rather +v.

17、，疑问部分多用 would n't + 主语。He would rather read it ten times tha n recite it, would n't he?9）陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用would n't +主语。You'd like to go with me, would n't you?10）陈述部分有must的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。He must be a doctor, is n't he?You must have studied En glish for three

18、 years, have n't you? / did n't you?He must have fini shed it yesterday, did n't he?11）感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。What colours, aren't they?What a smell, is n't it?12）陈述部分由neithernor, either or连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根 据其实际逻辑意义而定。Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?13）陈述部分主语是 指示代词或不定代词everything, t

19、hat, nothing, this,疑问部分主语用it oEverythi ng is ready, is n't it?14）陈述部分为主语 从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：a. 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。Mr. Smith had bee n to Beiji ng for several times, he should have bee n in China now, should n't he?b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：He is not the man who gave us a ta

20、lk, is he?He said he wan ted to visit Japa n, did n't he?c. 上述部分主句谓语是 think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。I don't think he is bright, is he?We believe she can do it better, can't she?15）陈述部分主语是不定代词 everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they

21、，有时也用单数heoThis is our new headmaster, isn ' t it?Those are Japanese, aren ' t they?One should be ready to help others, shouldn' t one?One can' t be too careful, can you?Each of the stude nts has a dicti on ary, has n' t he?Each of the stude nts passed the exam in atio n, did n

22、9; t they?None of his money is left, is it?None of his frie nds are in terested, are they?None of his frie nds has come, has he?Something will have to be done about the price, won' t it?Everybody is kind to you, a ren ' t they?No one left here yesterday, did they?Some one turned that radio d

23、ow n, don' t they?Neither side could win, could they?Everything that he says is false, isn' t it?I am older than you, aren ' t I / ain ' t I?I am working now, ain ' t I / am I not?I wish to see the movie now, may I?I wish I were you, may I?16）带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用need （dare

24、 ） + 语。We n eed not do it aga in, n eed we ?He dare not say so, dare you?当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do +主语。She does n't dare to go home alone, does she?17）省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用 will you 。Don't do that aga in, will you?Go with me, will you / won't you ?注意：Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we?Let us

25、开头的祈使句，后用will you?Let's go and liste n to the music, shall we?Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?18）陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。There is somethi ng wrong with your watch, is n't there?There will not be any trouble, will there?19）否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。It is impossible, is n't it?He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?20）must在表"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。He must be there no w, is n't he?It must be going to rain tomo