高中英语语法填空之非谓语动词作定语

1、语法填空之非谓语动词作定语解题思路提示词是动词，且句中已有谓语，根据非谓语动词与主语的逻辑关系确定用 何种形式作定语。 若表将来的动作，用不定式to do；如表将来的被动的动作，用to be done O 若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词(P.-ing)：若与逻辑主语是被动关 系，用过去分词(.-ed)o 若表被动且为正在发生的动作用being done。 看见first、SeCOnd等疗:数词，last、next Only等以及形容词最高级(+ 名词)，用不定式作定语。该结构中主语与不定式应是逻辑上的主谓关系。 抽象名词 ability chance、OPPOrtllnityX Patie

2、nce> plan> PrOmiSeN right 等后常用不定式作后置定语。注：一些抽象名词如 PIar1、ability、ChanCe. right. desirehope. wish, fact、 excuse. Way等，常用动词不定式作后置定语；另外，当中心词为序数词、最高 级、the last, the OnIy等或中心词被这类词所修饰时，多用不定式作后置定语。语法详解一. 不定式作定语，要放在它所修饰的名词之后，表示一个将来的动作。如:They have three tickets to SPare他们多三张票。She has Plenty Of CIOtheS to

3、 Wear她有足够的衣服穿。1).做定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词 是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。如：The BrOWnS have a COmfOrtabIe house to IiVe in. 布朗一家有一所舒适的房子住。 Ve always Cireamt Of a Pair Of WingS to fly with. 我一直梦想有一对翅膀可以飞翔。但是：不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, PIaCe或WJy时，不定式后面的介词 习惯上可以省略。如:He has no money and no PIaCe to IiVe (in).他没

4、有钱也没有 地方住。2).尝试比较:HaVe you got anything to send?你有什么要寄的吗？HaVe you got anything to be sent?你有什么要寄的吗？3）.用不定式做定语的儿种IW况：（1）不定式表将来。如：The Car to be bought is for his sister.要买的车是给他妹妹的。（2）用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no, all, any等限定的中心词。如：He is the best Inan to do the job.他是做这项工作的最佳人选。She WaS the first WOman to Win the go

5、ld medal in the OIymPiC Games.她是第一个 在奥运会上获得金牌的妇女。（3）用来修饰的词是抽象名词时用不定式，常见的有：ability, ChanCei idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time 等DO you have the ability to read and Write in English?你有英文读写能力吗？I have no ChanCe to go sightseeing.我没有机会去观光。二. 分词作定语，单个的放在

6、所修饰的名词前（IM等除外），短语放在所修 饰的名词后。现在分词表示其动作正在发主或与谓语同时发主，过去分词表示其 动作已经完成或没有时间性；在逻辑上被修饰的名词与现在分词是主谓关系，与 过去分词是被动关系。She is a trained nurse.她是一个受过训练的护士。There are no PIaCeS Ieft to Sit On the train.火车上没有座位可坐 了。There is a gentleman asking to See you.有一位先生要求见你。 注：现在分词的完成式通常只作状语，而不能作定语。三. 动名词作定语，只放在名词前，说明该名词的性能或用途，不

7、表动作， 被修饰的名词与-ing形式在逻辑上没有主谓关系。如：The doctor told Ine not to take SIeePing pills.医生叫我不要服安眠药。四. to be done, being done, done均可用作定语，且都表示被动意义，其区别 在于：to be done表示将来，being done表示口前正在发生，done表示过去已经 发生。如：The house to be built next year is a Cinema.明年建的那座房子是家电影院。The house being built now is a Cinema.现在正在建的房子是家电

8、影院。The house built IaSt year is a Cinema.去年建的那座房子是家电影院。HaVe you read the novel Witten by Dickens?你读过狄更斯的小说吗？Listen! The SOng being SUng is Very POPUlar With the StUdentS听！正在唱的这首歌很受学生们的欢迎。The question to be CiiSCUSSed at tomorrow' S meeting is a Very important One明天会议要讨论的问题是一个非常重要的问题。课堂练习1 .Picki

9、ng UP her ULifetime Achievement” award. PrOUd Irene declared She Ilad no PlanS (retire) from her 36-year-old business2. When We got a Call (Say) She WaS short-listed, We thought it WaS a joke3. Earth Day, (mark) On 22 APriL is an annual event aiming to raise PUbIiCawareness about environmental PrOte

10、CtiOn.4 LZarger amounts Of Caffeine Can CaUSe a PrObIem (Call) CaffeiniSm5. I WaS the first WeStern TV reporter (Permit) to film a SPeCial UnitCaring for PandaS rescued from StarVatiOn in the wild.7. Astudy Of travelers (COndUCt) by the WebSite TriPAdViSOr namesYangShUO as One Of the top 10 destinat

11、ions in the WOrld8 The national Park has a Iarge COneCtiOn Of WildIifeT (range) frombutterflies to elephants9 I WaS WatChing the ClOCk all through the meeting, as I had a train (catch).课后练习Many high SChOOl StUdentS in the United StateS get training in COnStnJCtiOn SkillS by building real houses.The

12、PrOjeCt 1 (run) by the WaterlOO Career Center.The Center OfferS StUdentS different PrOgramS designed 2 (PrePare) them for CareerS in technical fieldsStUdentS from the WaterlOO COmmUnity SChOOl DiStnCt 3 (recent) took PalI in COnStrUCtiOn training that Centered On the Skill Of masonry (币专石建筑)一WOrk do

13、ne With StOneS,bricks Or COnCrete materials.The StUdentS SPent five days at their SChOOl Iearning 4 experienced WOrkerS from the MaSOnry InStitUte Of IOWa,a 5_ (PrOfeSSiOn) OrganiZatiOn.The WOrkerS taught the StUdentS 6 to mix mortar (砂浆)and build WanS With bricks and blocks.The StUdentS moved the m

14、ortar OntO 7_ (PieCe) Of WOOd and then added bricks and blocks to form WalISChriS BUSCh helped OVerSee the StUdentS, efforts.As the StUdentS WOrked.Busch 8_(Offer) them an important PieCe Of advice.He told the StUdentS to be SUre to USe a IeVeIing tool to CheCk that the Wall StOOd Straight and IeVeI

15、.West High StUdent Nathan EniOtt told the WaterIOO-Cedar FallS COUrier newspaper that this kind Of Iearning WaS much better 9 Sitting at a COmPUter.Other StUdentS also Said it got them _10 (excite) about future CareerS in COnStrUCtiOn课后练习：l.is run 2.to PrePare 3.recently 4.from 5.professional 6.how7

16、.pieces 8.offered 9.than 10.excited课后练习TWO years after announcing StriCt VOkInteer requirements for the TOkyO 2020 OlymPiCS and (realize) they COUld not get enough help for free,the JaPaneSe ministry has instead turned to UniVerSitieS and their great human 2 (resource)In the PaSt few WeekS,to encour

17、age StUdentS to VOkInteer for the OIymPics,a Iarge number Of IlniVerSitieS 3 (begin) to Offer academic CreditS.According to a SurVey,64 PerCent Of UniVerSitieS in TOkyOboth 4 (nation) and PriVateare now COnSidering that OPtiOn.While rewarding StUdent VOkInteerS 5 CreditS to advance their UndergradUa

18、te PrOgramS 6 (be) a nice gesture,the move also makes Clear that the OlymPiC COmmittee does not Want to Pay for highly-skilled individuals 7 must SPeak a foreign IangUage,and WOrk OVer ten full days.Not to mention that they must PaSS 8 interview.The move also raises the question Of What it means to VOklnteers.It, S quite ObViOuS by now that there isn' t enough PeOPIe 9 (fill) the 110,000 VaCant POSitiOnS Offering academic CreditS to JaPaneSe StUdentS SeemS Iike the W