课后摘要填空参考答案.

1、摘要填空练习参考答案P7 Unit 1 Ex11.The industrial revolution; 2. organic chemicals;3. The contract process; 4. the Haber process;5. Synthetic polymers; 6. intermediate;7. Artificial fertilizers; 8. pesticides;9. Synthetic fibers; 10. pharmaceutical;11. Research and development; 12. petrochemical; 13. computer

2、/ automatic control equipment14. Capital intensiveP20 Unit 2 Ex11.R &D (research and development)2.Ideas and knowledge; 3. process and products;4. fundamental; 5. applied6. Product development; 7. an existing product;8. Pilot plant; 9. profitabilility;10. Environmental impact; 11. energy cost;12

3、. Technical support; 13. process improvement; 14. Effluent treatment; 15. pharmaceuticalP30 Unit 3. Ex1,21.mechanical; 2. electrical; 3. civil;4. scale-up/develop; 5. commercial-size;6. reactors; 7. distillation column; 8 pumps;9. Control and instrumentation; 10. methematics11. industry; 12. academi

4、a; 13. steam;14. Cooling water; 15. an economical;16. To improve; 17. p &I drawings; 18. Equipment specification sheets; 19. construction;20. Capacity and performance; 21. bottlenecks;22. Technical sales; 23. new or improved;24. Engineering methods; 25. configurationP42. Unit 4. Ex1,21.Inorganic

5、 chemicals; 2. be derived/originated from3. Petrochemical processes; 4. metallic ores;5. Extraction process; 6. non-renewable sources;7.Renewable sources; 8. energy source;9. Fermentation process; 10. selective; 11. Raw material; 12. separation and purification13. Food industry; 14. to be wetted;15.

6、 Key to success; 16. crushing and grinding;17. sieving; 18. stirring and bubbling19. Surface active agents; 20. overflowing3. NaClNH4OH1. Ammonia 2. Ammonia absorberP u r i f i e d brine carbonating tower Lime kiln and slakerCO2NH4HCO3NaCl Carbonating towerNaHCO3 &5.NH4Cl A m m o n i a recovery

7、and still7. Light soda-ash/ light Na2CO3 NH4Cl solution NaHCO3 6. Rotary dryerVacuum FilterRecycled ammonia8.H2O/waterDense soda-ashMill and densifierP63, Ex 24. CO2/ Carbon dioxideLimestoneCa(OH)2Calcium chlorideP73 Unit7, Ex1.1.Kinetically inert; 2. some iron compounds;3. exothermic; 4. conversion

8、;5. A reasonable speed; 6. lower pressure;7. Higher temperature; 8. capital;9. energy; 10. steam reforming;11. Carbon monoxide; 12. secondary reformer13. The shift reaction; 14. methane;15. 3:1P84 Unit 8, Ex11. Organic chemicals; 2. H:C ratios;3. High temperature carbonization;4. crude tar;5. pyroly

9、sis; 6. poor selectivity;7. Consumption of hydrogen; 8. the pilot stage;9. Surface and underground; 10. fluidized bed;11. biotechnology; 12. sulfur speciesP128 Unit 12 Ex21. Density; 2. viscosity;3. Tube diameter; 4. Renolds5. eddies; 6. laminar flow;7. turbulent flow; 8. velocity fluctuation;9. Sol

10、id surface; 10. ideal fluids;11. viscosity; 12. PrandtlP136 Unit 13, Ex1,21. physical; 2. unit operation;3. identical; 4. A. D. Little;5. Fluid flow; 6. membrane separation;7. crystallization; 8. filtration;9. Material balance; 10. equillibrium stage model;11. hydrocyclones; 12. filtration;13. gravi

11、ty; 14. vacuumP147 Unit 14 Ex11.Relative volatilities; 2. contacting trays;3. reboiler; 4. an overhead condenser;5. reflux; 6. plates;7. packing; 8. stripping section;9. Rectifying section; 10. energy-input requirement;11. Overall thermodynamic efficiency12. Tray efficiency; 13. batch operation14. c

12、omposition; 15. a rectifying batchP159 Ex213 equivalent number； 14 H or OH;15 regenerant; 16. process flow rates;17 deterioration of performance; 18 closely similar;19 stationary phase; 20 mobile phase;21 distribution coefficients; 22 selective membranes;23 synthetic; 24 ambient temperature25 ultraf

13、iltration; 26 reverse osmosisP170 EX1,21.Concentrate solutions; 2. solids;3. circulation; 4. viscosity;5. Heat sensitivity; 6. heat transfer surfaces;7. The long tube; 8. multiple-effect evaporation;9.vacuum; 10. condenser;11. supersaturation; 12 circulation pump;13 heat exchanger; 14. swirl breaker

14、; 15. Circulation pipe; 16. product;17. non-condensable gas; 18. barometric condenserP180, Ex11. design; 2. optimization;3. control; 4. unit operation;5. Many disciplines; 6. kinetics;7. thermodynamics; 8. fluid mechanics;9. microscopic; 10. chemical reactions11. More valuable products; 12. harmless

15、 products; 13. Serves the need;14. the chemical reactors; 15. Flow chart; 16. necessary;17. Tail18. Each reaction;19 temperature and concentration; 20 linearUnit 18 P191 Ex1,21.optimization; 2. mathematical equations3. time;4. experiments;5. Greater understanding; 6. empirical approach;7. Experiment

16、al design; 8. differing process condition; 9. Control systems; 10.feed strategies;11. Training and education; 12. definition of problem;13. Mathematical model; 14. numerical methods;15. Tabulated or graphical; 16. experimental data;17. information; Ex 21.The priliminary economics; 2. technological c

17、hanges;3. pilot-plant data; 4. process alternatives;5. trade-off; 6. off-design; 7. feedstocks; 8.optimize; 9. plant operations; 10. energy11. Bottlenecking; 12. yield and throughput13. Revamping 14. new catalystUnit 21 P225 EX11. Atomospheric chemistry; 2. stratospheric ozone layer;3. Acid rain; 4.

18、 environmental friendly products;5. Suffiently biodegraded; 6. harmful by-products;7. efficiently; 8. power plant emission;9. plastics; 10. recycled disposed;11. Acidic waste solutions; 12. organic components;13. Membrane technology; 14 biotechnology;15. microorganism 摘要写作练习： 本文间歇反应釜中研究了超临界水中苯酚的氧化反应动力学, 结果表明可以采用幂函数形式的动力学方程来表示苯酚氧化动力学，其中对苯酚的反应级数为1，对氧气的反应级数等于0.5；反应活化能Ea77.475.49kJ/mol，而指前因子为1.14e+6。reference Kinetic