减译法ppt课件

1、 减译法减译法1；.减译法指翻译时省略原语语表形式中出现而译语中不需要或可有可无的语言单位，以使译文言简意赅。原则是“减词不减意”。对象可以是全译单位中的任何层级：音位、词素、词、词组、小句。2；.If you want to kill a snake you must hit it first on the head and if you want to catch a band of robbers you must first catch their leader.打蛇先打头，擒贼先擒王A gentleman will die for one who appreciates his wo

2、rth while a woman will beautify herself for one who attracts her.士为知己者死，女为悦己者容。3；.123Rhetoric omission 修辞性减省Syntactic omission 句法性减省Logical omission 逻辑性减省4；. 句法性减省句法性减省汉语中没有冠词，代词、连词、介词的使用也没有英语那么多，因此在英汉翻译时，若碰到句子中使用这些词语就要考虑在译文中省去它们，以使译文简洁通畅。另，英语中的系动词和先行词在汉译中也经常可以省略不译。5；. 冠词减译冠词减译The policeman asked th

3、e driver to describe the accident in greater detail.警察要求司机把事故经过讲得更详细些。A soldier should be loyal to his country.当兵的应该效忠祖国。6；. How do you like the film?你认为那部电影怎么样？He left without saying a word.他一句话没说就走了。He said he was getting a dollar a mile.他说，开车每开一英里就赚一块钱。7；. 名词减译名词减译The problem of the age of the ea

4、rth is one problem we share approach.地球的年龄是我们将要探讨的一个问题。Forces are measured in pounds, ounces, tons, grams, kilograms, and other units commonly called units of weight.力由镑、盎司、吨、克、公斤和其他一些重量单位来衡量。8；. 介词减译介词减译The People s Republic of China was founded in 1949.1949年中华人民共和国成立。Now complaints are heard in al

5、l parts of that country.该国各地目前怨声载道。9；. 代词减译代词减译（人称代词、反身代词、关系代词）In Japan it is rude to blow your nose and as in China, rude to leave your chopsticks standing up in a bowl of rice.在日本，擤鼻子很不文雅。而在中国，将筷子竖直插在碗中是很不恰当的。We live and learn.活到老学到老。10；. It的减译的减译It is only shallow people who judge by appearances.

6、只有浅薄的人才会以貌取人。Outside it was pitch-dark and it was raining cats and dogs.外面漆黑一片，大雨倾盆。11；. there be的减译的减译There is a rapidly increasing range of uses for electronic computers.电子计算机的应用范围正在迅速扩大。There are some chemical fuels that are clean and smokeless.有些化学燃料洁净无烟。12；. 连词减译连词减译（并列连词、从属连词）Try and do it.试着做

7、If winter comes, can spring be far behind?冬天来了，春天还会远吗？When the masses are of one heart , everything becomes easy.众人齐心，其利断金。13；. 动词减译动词减译When the pressure gets low, the boiling points becomes low.气压低，沸点就低。The representatives of the two sides have now agreed on the proposals put forward by the coordin

8、ator.双方代表一致同意协调人的方案。14；.修辞性省略是从译文修辞角度考虑，省略英文中的某些词语。这些词语的含义在译文中虽无其字但已有其意，如果不将其省略，就可能造成译文语意的重复或累赘。修辞性减省修辞性减省15；.1.1.同义性减译同义性减译Semiconductor devices have no filament or heaters and therefore require no heating power or warmed uptime.半导体器件没有灯丝，因此不需要加热功率或加热时间。Filament和heaters均为“灯丝”之意and 和therefore都有“因此、所

9、以”之意所以各译出一个，省略一个16；.2.2.简练性减译简练性减译Besides teaching the deaf and dumb he was absorbed in the scientific study of sound, and also in the possibilities of transmitting it by means of electricity or light.除了教聋哑人外，他还致力于声学和电光传声研究。Also in the possibilities与前面的study由and相连，据上下文关系可将其深层含义延伸至study17；.逻辑性减译逻辑性减译

10、由于英汉两种语言的使用习惯不同，词语的含义范围和表现能力也不同，再加上英美人和中国人的思维习惯也不尽一致，所以有的英语句子虽然本身逻辑上是通的，但若一字不漏的译成汉语，译文在逻辑上会重复多余，甚至有悖于事理。18；.Since transistors are extremely small in size and require only small amounts of energy, they can make previously large equipment much smaller.晶体管非常小而且所需要的能量也少从而使以前的大设备变得小多了晶体管非常小所需能量少因此以前的大设备变得小多了19；.Part-time waitress applicants who worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not.应聘业余服务员的人有工作经验的比没有工作经验的优先录取业余服务员招牌有工作经验者优先20；.小结小结1.减译法不是任意省略。删减。从以上各例句中不难看出，某些词语如果不删减，译文必定不够简洁，或累赘不堪，甚至影响整体意思的表达。采用减译法不仅使译文读起来