[精选]中考英语必背英语语法--资料

1、一、常使用动词不定式的短语1、It s time to do sthIt. s time forths该做某事的时候了 .2、can t wait to do sth.迫不及待要做某事3、ask /telle sb. (not ) to do sth.要求 /告诉某人 (不)做某事4、allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事5、be supposed to do sth.应该做某事6、Would like /want (sb.) to do sth.想要做某事7、have sth/nothing to do with与.有关/与无关8、find it +adj. to do st

2、h.发觉做某事 9、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事 ,而不愿做某事10、It s +adj. for sb. to do sth.做某事对某人来说 11、It s better /best to do sth.最好做某事12、It takes sb. sometime. to do sth.某人做某事用了一些时间二、常用动名词的短语1、 enjoy /like /love doing sth.喜欢做某事2、 keep /keep on /carry on / go on doing sth.继续做某事3、feel like doing st

3、h.想要做某事4、practisedoingsth.练习作某事5、give up doing sth.放弃作某事6、be good at= do well inon doing sth.擅长做某事7、pay attention to doing sth.注意做某事8、what about/ how about doing sth.怎么.样 (好吗 )?9、Thank you for doing sth.为 感谢某人10、mind doing sth.介意做某事11、be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth.、被用来做某事12、spend (in) do

4、ing sth.花时间做某事13、be busy doing/ with sth.忙于做某事14、finish doing sth.做完某事15、look forward to doing.盼望做某事16、prefer doing sth. to doing sth.喜欢 胜过 17、be/get used to doing sth.习惯做某事18 、keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人作某事19. give one's life to doing sth为做某事献出生命三、省略动词不定式的短语1、一看二听三使役see/ hear/

5、feel/ notice/ look at /listen to sb. do sth.看见 /听见 /感觉 /注意某人做某事make /let /have sb. do sth.使/让某人做某事2、help sb. (to) do sth/ with sth.帮助某人做某事3、 had better (not) do sth.最好(不)做某事4、 Why don t you/ not do sth.为什么不做某事？5、Would /Will / Could you please (not) do sth.请你 (不)做某事好吗 ?四、 同义词比较1、 stop to do sth.停下来去做

6、另一件事 When the teacher came into theclassroom, the students stopped talking.stop doing sth.停止正在做的事After he worked for an hour, hestopped to have a rest.2、 forget / remember to do sth.忘记 /记得要去作某事Please remember tobring my book to school.forget / remember doing sth.忘记 记得曾经做过某事I rememberdoing my homewor

7、k3、 used to do sth.过去常常作某事be used to do sth.被用来作某事be used to doing sth.习惯于作某事My father used to smoke.Wood is used to make paper.I am used to getting up early.4、So +be/ 助动词 /情态动词+ 主语 也一样So + 主语 +be/ 助动词 / 情态动词是呀 ,表示赞同别人的观点Neither + be / 助动词 / 情态动词 +主语也不一样（用于否定句）He has been to Beijing. So have I.It s

8、a fine day. So it is.She doesn t like eggs. Neither do I.5、 too to do sth.太 而不能 so +adj. /adv + that( 从句 )如此 以致 such + （a/an +adj. ） +n.+ that( 从句 )如此 以致 (not) enough (for sb.) to do sth.(对某人来说 )做某事 (不)够The boy is too young to go to school.The boy is so young that he can t go to school.He is such a

9、young boy that he can t go to school.The boy is not old enough to go to school.五、常考知识点1、keep +adj.保持 状态keep (sb.) doing sth.继续做某事 /使某人老是做某事Everyone should keep our classroom clean.It s too late, but he still keeps working.Lily always keeps us waiting for her.2、make+ sb. + n.使某人成为make + sb. + adj.使某人

10、 make sb. do sth.使某人做某事Sb. be made to sth.某人被迫做某事We made Peter our monitor.Books make us happy.He often makes me laugh.The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.3、I don t think that我认为 不I don t think you are right.4、It s /was/has been+ some time +since+一般过去时 自从 以来有多久了It has been two years since w

11、e met last time.6What do you mean by?=What does . mean?=what is the meaning of.?么意思 ?是什What do you mean by “ computer ” ?=What does “ computer ” mean?=what is the meaning of "computer"?7、 What do you think of /How do you like你认?为 怎么样 ?What do you think of this film /How do you like this fi

12、lm?8、 What is/was/will be like? . 怎么样 ?What is the weather like?What will the life in the future be like?9、 It s said/ reported that据说 /据报道It's well known that众所周知It's thought that大家认为It s said that the population of the word would be 6 billion in 2050.10、one of the + 形容词最高级 +名词复数 其中之一Shangh

13、ai is one of the biggest cities in China.11、neither nor 既不 也不（两者都不）either or 要么 要么 /或者 或者 /不是 就是notonly butalso 不但 而且以上三个词做主语时 ,要用就近原则Neither you nor he has been to the USA.Either he or you go to the park.Not only my mother but also my father is a teacher.neither of两者都不either of两者选一none of没有一个以上三个做主

14、语时，谓语动词用单数All of 全部Both of两者都以上二个做主语时，谓语动词用复数12 、比较级 + than +any other + 名词单数比其余任何一个 比较级 + than + the other+ 名词复数Shanghai is bigger than any other city=shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.13 、When（当 的时候） , if （如果） , as soon as （一 就）, until（直到 才）, unless （除非 /如果 不）这几个词引导的时间或条件状语从句时,主句要用

15、一般将来时 .，从句一般现在时I will call you when he comes.If it doesn t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.As soon as I get to Beijing, I ll come to see you.He won t go to bed until his parents come back .Unless you work hard, you won t catch up with others.回答者： wjbxwzcbs |一级 |2011-6-5 17:52一、常使用动词不定式的短语1、It s

16、 time to do sthIt. s time for sth 该做某事的时候了 .2、cantwait to do sth.迫不及待要做某事3、ask /telle sb. (not ) to do sth.要求 /告诉某人 (不)做某事4、allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事5、be supposed to do sth.应该做某事6、Would like /want (sb.) to do sth.想要做某事7、have sth/nothing to do with与.有关/与无关8、find it +adj. to do sth.发觉做某事 9、prefer to

17、 do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事 ,而不愿做某事10、It s +adj. for sb. to do sth.做某事对某人来说 11、It s better /best to do sth.最好做某事12、It takes sb. sometime. to do sth.某人做某事用了一些时间二、常用动名词的短语1、 enjoy /like /love doing sth.喜欢做某事2、 keep /keep on /carry on / go on doing sth.继续做某事3、feel like doing sth.想要做某事4、practise d

18、oingsth.练习作某事5、give up doing sth.放弃作某事6、be good at= do well inon doing sth.擅长做某事7、pay attention to doing sth.注意做某事8、what about/ how about doing sth.怎么.样 (好吗 )?9、Thank you for doing sth.为 感谢某人10 、mind doing sth.介意做某事11 、be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth.、被用来做某事12 、spend (in) doing sth.花时间做某事1

19、3 、be busy doing/ with sth.忙于做某事14 、finish doing sth.做完某事15、look forward to doing.盼望做某事16、prefer doing sth. to doing sth.喜欢 胜过 17、be/get used to doing sth.习惯做某事18 、keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人作某事19. give one's life to doing sth为做某事献出生命三、省略动词不定式的短语1、一看二听三使役see/ hear/ feel/ notice/

20、 look at /listen to sb. do sth.看见 /听见 /感觉 /注意某人做某事make /let /have sb. do sth.使/让某人做某事2、help sb. (to) do sth/ with sth.帮助某人做某事3、 had better (not) do sth.最好(不)做某事4、 Why don t you/ not do sth.为什么不做某事？5、Would /Will / Could you please (not) do sth.请你 (不)做某事好吗 ?四、 同义词比较1、 stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事 When the

21、 teacher came into theclassroom, the students stopped talking.stop doing sth.停止正在做的事After he worked for an hour, hestopped to have a rest.2、 forget / remember to do sth.忘记 /记得要去作某事Please remember tobring my book to school.forget / remember doing sth.忘记 记得曾经做过某事 I rememberdoing my homework3、 used to

22、do sth.过去常常作某事be used to do sth.被用来作某事be used to doing sth.习惯于作某事My father used to smoke.Wood is used to make paper.I am used to getting up early.4、So +be/ 助动词 /情态动词 +主语 也一样So + 主语 +be/ 助动词 / 情态动词是呀 ,表示赞同别人的观点Neither + be / 助动词 / 情态动词 +主语也不一样（用于否定句）He has been to Beijing. So have I.It s a fine day.

23、So it is.She doesn t like eggs. Neither do I.5、 too to do sth.太而不能 so +adj. /adv + that(从句 )如此 以致such + （a/an +adj. ） +n.+ that( 从句 )如此 以致(not) enough (for sb.) to do sth.(对某人来说 )做某事 (不)够The boy is too young to go to school.The boy is so young that he can t go to school.He is such a young boy that h

24、e can t go to school.The boy is not old enough to go to school.五、常考知识点1、keep +adj.保持 状态keep (sb.) doing sth.继续做某事 /使某人老是做某事Everyone should keep our classroom clean.It s too late, but he still keeps working.Lily always keeps us waiting for her.2、make+ sb. + n.使某人成为make + sb. + adj.使某人 make sb. do sth

25、.使某人做某事Sb. be made to sth.某人被迫做某事We made Peter our monitor.Books make us happy.He often makes me laugh.The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.3、I don t think that我认为 不I don t think you are right.4、It s /was/has been+ some time +since+一般过去时 自从 以来有多久了It has been two years since we met last time.

26、6What do you mean by?=What does . mean?=what is the meaning of.?么意思 ?是什What do you mean by“ computer” ?=What does“ computer” mean?=what is themeaning of "computer"?7、 What do you think of /How do you like你认?为 怎么样 ?What do you think of this film /How do you like this film?8、 What is/was/wil

27、l be like? .怎么样 ?What is the weather like?What will the life in the future be like?9、 It s said/ reported that据说 /据报道It's well known that众所周知It's thought that大家认为It s idsathat the population of the word would be 6 billion in 2050.10、one of the + 形容词最高级 +名词复数 其中之一Shanghai is one of the bigges

28、t cities in China.11、neither nor 既不 也不（两者都不）either or 要么 要么 /或者 或者 /不是 就是notonly but also不但 而且以上三个词做主语时 ,要用就近原则Neither you nor he has been to the USA.Either he or you go to the park.Not only my mother but also my father is a teacher.neither of两者都不either of两者选一none of没有一个以上三个做主语时，谓语动词用单数All of 全部Both

29、 of两者都以上二个做主语时，谓语动词用复数12 、比较级 + than +any other + 名词单数比其余任何一个 比较级 + than + the other+ 名词复数Shanghai is bigger than any other city=shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.13 、When（当 的时候） , if （如果） , as soon as （一 就）, until（直到 才）, unless （除非 /如果 不）这几个词引导的时间或条件状语从句时,主句要用一般将来时 .，从句一般现在时I will c

30、all you when he comes.If it doesn t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.As soon as I get to Beijing, I ll come to see you.He won t go to bed until his parents come back.Unless you work ha 回答者： 热心网友rd, you won t catch up with others.| 2011-6-10 22:40初三英语总复习资料介词I. 要点1、介词和种类(1) 简单介词，常用的有 at, in, on, a

31、bout, across, before, beside, for , to,without 等。(2) 复合介词，如 by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系(1) 和动词的搭配，如 agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about 等。(2) 和形容词的搭配，如 afraid of, angry with, different from, good at(3) 和名词的搭配，如answer to , key

32、 to, reason for, cause of, visit to等.3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语， 这种修饰语通常有 right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely 等少数几个副词。如：He came right after dinner.He lives directly opposite the school.4、 某些介词的意义与用法举例(1) at, on, in( 表时间 )表示时间点用 at,如 at four o'clock, at midnight等；表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用 at,如 at that

33、 time, at Christmas等。指某天用 on, 如 on Monday, on the end of November,指某天的朝夕用 on,如 on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。指长于或短于一天的时段用 in,如 in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999 等。(2) between, among( 表位置 )between 仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用 between, 如I'm sitting betw

34、een Tom and Alice.The village lies between three hills.among 用于三者或三者以上之间。如：He is the best among the students.(3) beside, besidesbeside 意为 "在 旁边"，而 besides 意为 "除 之外 "。如：He sat beside me.What do you want besides this?(4)in the tree, on the treein the tree指动物或人在树上，而on the tree指果实、树叶

35、长在树上(5)on the way, in the way, by the way, in this wayon the way指在路上in the way指挡道by the way指顺便问一句in this way用这样的方法(6)in the corner, at the cornerin the corner指在拐角内at the corner指在拐角外(7)in the morning, on the morningin the morning是一般说法on the morning特指某一天的早晨(8)by bus, on the busby bus 是一般说法on the bus特指

36、乘某一辆车II. 例题例 1 Do you know any other foreign language_ English? A except B but C beside D besides解析：A 、B 两项 except 等于 but ，意为 "除了 "，C-beside 意为 "在 旁边 "，不符合题意。而 D-besides, 意为 "除了 之外，还有 "。所以该题正确答案为 D。该题意为：除了英语外，你还知道别的语言吗？例 2 He suddenly returned _ a rainy night. A on B at

37、 C in D during解析：我们均知道， at night 这一短语，但如果 night 前有修饰词，表具体的夜晚，则要用介词on 来修饰，故该题正确答案为A。例 3 I'm looking forward _your letter. A to B in C at D on解析：该题正确答案为 A。look forward to 为固定搭配，意为 "期望、盼望 "。连词I. 要点1、 连词的种类(1) 并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句，如 and, for, or, botheither or, neither等nor。(2) 从属连词用来引导从句，如

38、that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as and, 等。除了从属连词 (引导状语从句 )外，还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。它们是连接代词和连接副词 (引导名词性从句 )，关系代词和关系副词 (引导定语从句 )。2、 常用连词举例(1)and 和，并且They drank and sang all night.(2) both and和， 既也 Both my parents and I went there.(3) but 但是，而(4) either or或 或， 要么 要么 Either you're wrong, or I am.(5

39、) for 因为I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.(6) however然而，可是Af first, he didn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.(7) neither nor既不 也不Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.(8) not only but(also)不但 而且 (9) or 或者，否则(10) so 因此，所以It's getting late, so I

40、must go.(11) although虽然Although it was late, they went on working.(12) as soon as一 就I'll tell him as soon as I see him.(13) because因为He didn't go to school, because he was ill.(14)unless除非，如果不I won't go unless it is fine tomorrow.(15)until直到 He didn't leave until eleven. (瞬间动词用于not u

41、ntil 结构 )He stayed there until eleven.(16)while当时候，而(表示对比 )While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间动词 )My pen is red while his is blue.(17)for 因为He was ill, for he didn't come. (结论是推断出来的 )(18)since 自从 I have lived here since my uncle left.(19)hardly when一 就I had hardly got to t

42、he station when the train left.(20)as far as就 来说As far as I know, that country is very small.You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里 )II. 例题例 1 John plays football _, if not better than, David. A as well B as well as C so well D so well as解析：该题意为： John 踢足球如果不比 David 好的话，那也踢得和 David 一样好。和 一样好为 as w

43、ell as.故该题正确答案为B.例 2 She thought I was talking about her daughter, _, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.A when B where C which D while解析：该处意为 "然而 "，只有 while 有此意思，故选 D。例 3 Would you like a cup of coffee _ shall we get down to business right away?A. and B. then C. or D. otherwise解析：该处

44、意为 "或者 "，正确答案为 C。动词时态、语态I. 要点1、 一般现在时(1)表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态，常与 sometimes, always, often,every day 等时间状语连用。如： Sometimes, we go swimming after school.(2)表示客观真理、科学事实等。如： The earth goes round the sun.2、 现在进行时(1) 表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作， 常与 now, at present 等时间状语连用。如：What are you doing now?(2) 和 always,

45、continually 等连用，表一种经常反复的动作， 常含有某种情感。如：He is always doing good deeds.3、 现在完成时主要表示动作发生在过去， 对现在仍有影响， 或动作一直延续到现在， 或可能还要继续下去，常与just, already, so far, once, never等词连用。如:Have youever been to Beijing?4、一般将来时表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, next year等连用。如：I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning

46、.We're going to see a film next Monday.5、一般过去时表示在过去某一时间或某一阶段内发生的动作或存在的状态， 常与 yesterday, last year, in 1998, a moment ago 等词连用。如： It happened many years ago.6、过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一时期正在发生的动作。如：What were you doing this time yesterday?7、 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。如：You'll hand in your homeworkTh

47、e train had already left before we arrived.8、一般过去将来时表示说话人从过去的角度来看将来发生的动作。如：He said he would come, but he didn't.9、被动语态被动语态的时态，以give 为例。时式一般进行完成现在 am isgiven are am is being are hasbeen given have过去 wasgiven were wasbeing given were had been given将来 shallbe given will shallhave been given will过去将

48、来 shouldbe given would shouldhave been given wouldII.例题例 1 I learned that her father _ in 1950. A had died B died C dead D is dead解析：该题正确答案为 B。从句中的谓语动词动作虽然发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，但因从句中有明确的过去时间状语 in 1950, 所以不用过去完成时态，而用一般过去时态。例 2 The five-year-old girl _ by her parents. A is looked B has looked forC is being l

49、ooked for D has been looked解析：该题正确答案为 C。在带有介词的动词短语用于被动语态句中，介词不能省，否则就变成了不及物动词短语，而不能用于被动语态的句子中。短语动词I. 要点英语中有许多短语动词在意义上是一个整体， 其用法有的相当于及物动词， 有的相当于不及物动词， 有的兼有及物动词和不及物动词的特征。 英语短语动词的构成主要有以下六种：(1) 动词介词常见的有 look for, look after, send for, care about, ask for, laugh at, hear of (from), add to, lead to 等。这类短语动

50、词的宾语只能放在介词后。如：Don't laugh at others.I didn't care about it.(2) 动词副词常见的有 give up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in, point out等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词， 既可放在副词前边， 又可放在副词后边； 宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则要放在副词前边。如：tomorrow.Please don't forget to hand it in.(3) 动词副词介词常见的有 look down upon, go on with, break away from, add up to, catch up with 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：All his money added up to no more than $100.After a short rest, he went on with his research work.(4) 动词名词介词常