新目标八年级下册-英语语法知识点精讲(共4页)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上新目标八年级下册 英语语法知识点精讲+练习Unit1一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do （动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is going to rain. will do 结构表示将来的用法： 1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain? You wi

2、ll feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下：一般疑问句构成： （1）will+主语+do? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? （2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be ? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there wont 否定句构

3、成：will + not （wont）+do Sarah wont come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成： 特殊疑问词will主语？What will Sarah do next Sunday? 练一练根据例句，用will改写下列各句 例：I dont feel well today. （be better tomorrow） Ill be better tomorrow. 1. Gina has six classes today. （have a lot of homework tonight） _ 2. Im tired now. （sleep la

4、ter） _ 3. My parents need a new car. （buy one soon） _ 4. We cant leave right now. （leave a little later） _ 5. The weather is awful today. （be better tomorrow） _答案：1. Shell have a lot of homework tonight. 2. Ill sleep later. 3. Theyll buy one soon. 4. Well leave a little later. 5. Maybe itll be bette

5、r tomorrow. Unit2 should的用法： should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not. eg：I think you should eat less junk food. 我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。 She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot. 她经常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。 Students shouldnt spend too much time playing computer games. 学生们不应当花太多的时间

6、玩计算机游戏。 学习向别人提建议的几种句式： （1）I think you should （2）Well, you could （3）Maybe you should （4）Why dont you? =why not do、？ （5）What about doing sth.? （6）Youd better do sth. 练一练 用should或shouldnt填空 1. I cant sleep the night before exams. You _ take a warm shower before you go to bed. 2. Good friends _ argue ea

7、ch other. 3. There is little milk in the glass. We _ buy some. 4. They didnt invite you? Maybe you _ be friendlier. 5. I am a little bit overweight. So I think I _ do exercises every day. Unit3 过去进行时（一） 过去进行时的构成及用法：1、构成：主语+was / were + 动词的现在分词 (其中am,iswas; arewere ) 2、用法：表示在过去某一时间内正在进行的动作或状态.也可用来表示过

8、去一段时间内持续发生的动作。(常与过去进行时连用的时间状语有：then,this time yesterday,at that time,at 9:00 yesterday evening, the whole morning,all night等) The barber was cutting my hair at that time.we were sleeping at 8:00 yesterday morning.She was writing a letter the whole morning.（二）when和while引导的时间状语从句。意思是“当、时”when 是at that

9、 time的意思，表示做某种动作的时间或瞬间。其谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的，常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用。 eg：When winter comes, the weather gets colder and colder. When Linda saw Davy, he was playing basketball.I was reading a book when she came into my room。When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas. while 是during the time的意思，表示

10、略长的一段时间。其谓语动词必须是延续性的。常与现在进行时或过去进行时连用。 Eg：Tom was reading a newspaper while he was waiting for a bus.I am doing my homework while my mother is cooking. 练一练用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. This time yesterday I _ _（read）books. 2. At 9 oclock last Sunday they _ _（have）a party. 3. When I _（come）into the classroom, s

11、he _ _（read）a storybook. 4. She _ _（play）computer games while her mother _ _（cook）yesterday afternoon. 5. I _ _（have）a shower when you _（call）me yesterday. Unit4 宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：引导词、语序和时态。一、引导词1从句为陈述句，常选择引导词that，that引导宾语从句无意思，不充当句子成分常省略。例句：He told us （that）they would help us thro

12、ugh the whole work.2从句为一般疑问句，常选择引导词if或whether，表示“是否”。在 whether or not 结构中不能用 if 替换。例句：I don't know if there will be a bus any more.3. 从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what，when，where，which，who，how等的疑问代词、副词作引导词。例句：He didn't tell me when we should meet again.二、判断时态情况：1.主句是一般现在时，从句可以为各种时态。2.主句是一般过去时，从句要用相应过去时态。（注意：

13、从句描绘客观事实、真理、自然现象等，从句时态仍用一般现在时。）例句：He answered that he was listening to me. Father told me that practice makes perfect .爸爸告诉我熟能生巧。（客观）三、宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序陈述句语序，就是主语在前，谓语动词在后。错误：He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.正确：He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.注意：宾语从句的否定转移主句的谓语

14、动词是think，believe，imagine，suppose，consider，expect，fancy，guess等，并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。例如:I don't think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won't come to my party.练一练用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. She said I _（be）hard-working. 2. Peter told me he _（be）bored yesterday.

15、3. She said she _（go）swimming last Sunday. 4. Bobby said he _（may）call me later. 5. Antonio told me he _（read）a book then. 答案：1. was2. was3. went4. might5. was reading（五）if引导的条件状语从句知识点总结引导条件状语从句的连接词主要有：if（如果）、unless（除非）在意思上等于ifnot.或 as long as（只要）等。一、条件状语从句用法1、引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if，由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某

16、事很可能发生。如：If you ask him, he will help you.If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.2、unless = ifnot. 除非，若不，除非在的时候例如：Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.=If you are not too tired, let's go out for a walk.Unless it rains, the game will be played.除非下雨，比赛将照常进行。3、so/as long as只

17、要例句；You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean. 只要你保持书的清 洁，你就可以把我的书借去。So long as you're happy, it doesn't matter what you do. 只要你高兴，你做什么都没有关系。二、时态问题在条件状语从句中，要注意“主将从现”的规定，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来时。eg: I will come to see you if I have time. 我有时间，我就来看你。 练一练 根据中文提示，完成句子。 1. 如果你参加聚会，你将会过得很

18、开心。 If you _ the party, you _. 2. 如果明天下雨，我们将不去野餐。 If it _ tomorrow, we _. .单项选择。1. If you _ to the party, youll have a great time. A. will go  B. went  C. go   D. going2. I _ her the answer if she _me. A. can tell, will ask   B. will tell, will ask  C. would tell, ask   D. will tell, asks3. What are you going to do tomorrow?  -Well go to the library tomorrow if it _. A. isnt rain  B. rain   C. wont rain  D. doesnt rain5. Ill give the book to him if he _ here next Sunday.A. will come   B. comes   C. is