cloning基因重组克隆技术PPT学习教案

1、会计学1cloning基因重组克隆技术基因重组克隆技术第1页/共104页 Cloning?Section C Twins Six Years Apart第2页/共104页第3页/共104页第4页/共104页 There are different types of cloning, and cloning technologies can be used for other purposes besides producing the genetic twin of another organism. The three types of cloning technologies are: (

2、1) recombinant DNA technology or DNA cloning（基因重组克隆技术）, (2) reproductive cloning（再生克隆技术）, and (3) therapeutic cloning（干细胞疗法克隆技术）. 第5页/共104页 Dolly, the first mammal to be cloned from adult DNA, was put down by lethal injection on Feb. 14, 2003. Prior to her death, Dolly had been suffering from lung c

3、ancer and crippling arthritis. 第6页/共104页 Although most Finn Dorset sheep live to be 11 to 12 years of age, postmortem examination of Dolly seemed to indicate that, other than her cancer and arthritis, she appeared to be quite normal. The unnamed sheep from which Dolly was cloned had died several yea

4、rs prior to her creation. Dolly was a mother to six lambs, bred the old-fashioned way. 第7页/共104页 Scientists have been cloning animals for many years. In 1952, the first animal, a tadpole, was cloned. Before the creation of Dolly, the first mammal cloned from the cell of an adult animal, clones were

5、created from embryonic cells. Since Dolly, researchers have cloned a number of large and small animals including sheep, goats, cows, mice, pigs, cats, rabbits, and a gaur. All these clones were created using nuclear transfer technology（细胞核移植技术）. 第8页/共104页Dolly Cloned monkeys First cloned mule 第9页/共1

6、04页Cloned twin goats First cloned horse First cloned cat第10页/共104页have more compromised immune function and higher rates of infection, tumor growth, and other disorders. 第11页/共104页age unfortunately is not a good indicator of long term survival. Clones have been known to die mysteriously.第12页/共104页 S

7、ome fatal diseases can be cured with the application of cloning; the rate of success in organ transplant will be greatly improved; and the infertile couples are hopeful to have their own babies, etc. However, it may bring confusion and fear to us; it will threaten human society and dignity; and thos

8、e clones may feel miserable if they are treated as organ donors instead of independent human beings. 第13页/共104页 Due to the inefficiency of animal cloning and the lack of understanding about this technology, Im strongly against it. Not only do most attempts to clone mammals fail, several cloned anima

9、ls have died prematurely from infections. Moreover, we dont know how cloning could impact mental development, which is crucial for the development of healthy humans. With so many unknowns concerning reproductive cloning, the attempt to clone humans at this time is considered potentially dangerous an

10、d ethically irresponsible. 第14页/共104页第15页/共104页第16页/共104页第17页/共104页第18页/共104页6. Could cloned animals be used as organ donors?第19页/共104页8. What is the gravest concern about human cloning for society?第20页/共104页Main idea of the text When a world with human clones was suddenly within reach, peoples reac

11、tions to it were strong and varied. They puzzled over a number of questions about the legal and moral implications that had arisen from cloning.第21页/共104页Main Ideas of Each PartPart I (Para. 1)Part II (Paras. 2-3)Part III (Paras. 4-18)Part IV (Paras.19)With the success of cloning an adult mammal, th

12、e world was suddenly brought into the reality of human cloning.This part is about the worlds strong and immediate responses in the wake of Wilmuts announcement.This part offers complete or partial answers, from the up-to-date knowledge, to the six questions on the legal and moral implications of clo

13、ning.This part is intended to reaffirm the authors opinion that, although the list of questions could go on, people are just beginning to wonder about the future of the world after cloning.第22页/共104页第23页/共104页第24页/共104页sth. that is suggested or sth. that is not openly stated 含义，暗示 He smiled, but the

14、 implication was that he didnt believe me. 他微微一笑,但这一笑暗示着他不相信我的话。2. involving or being involved, esp. in a crime 牵连，卷入 The implication of the general manager in the criminal case further complicated the whole situation. 总经理卷入这件刑事诉讼案使整个形势进一步复杂化了。第25页/共104页大多数夜总会里音乐声很响，没法进行严肃的谈话。大多数夜总会里音乐声很响，没法进行严肃的谈话。

15、第26页/共104页vi. increase gradually esp. in a way that makes a situation worse 增加，上升Four days after the accident, the death toll continued to mount. 事故发生的四天之后，死亡人数在继续上升。I really feel sorry for the old lady when I find she can mount the stairs only with difficulty. 当我发现这位老妇人上楼梯十分艰难时感到十分难过。vt. 1. go up o

16、r on to 登上第27页/共104页The united opponent parties are getting ready to mount a powerful attack on the government. 联合起来的反对党正准备向政府发动有力的攻势。第28页/共104页第29页/共104页第30页/共104页第31页/共104页第32页/共104页The senate has been deliberating the question for three days.三天来参议院一直在仔细斟酌这个问题。They met to deliberate on possible so

17、lutions to the problem. 他们开会仔细研讨解决问题的办法。第33页/共104页第34页/共104页Word that there would be great increase in food prices has beenspread fast on the streets.第35页/共104页如果他们成功地达成了停火协议，联合国将派驻维和部队。If they succeed in establishing a cease-fire, the UN will send in peace-keeping forces.第36页/共104页第37页/共104页第38页/共1

18、04页Your plan sounds fine in theory, but I dont know if it will work in practice.第39页/共104页It seems that his opinion is identical to mine, which is really out of my expectation. 第40页/共104页To my great surprise, he thinks of everything in terms of money now.第41页/共104页As adults, we should be deeply conc

19、erned about the healthy growth of the children in Africa.第42页/共104页In the eyes of some people, love is comparable to a maze, full of lures and traps.第43页/共104页句型提炼If sb. / sth. could be / do sth., we wouldnt have to worry about (doing) sth. else. 假如某人 / 某物可能是 / 做某事，我们不必担心第44页/共104页If everyone could

20、realize natural resources are not inexhaustible, we wouldnt have to worry about any blind exploitation of them.第45页/共104页第46页/共104页句型提炼应用：就像历史上的任何一场战争一样，伊拉克战争给世界带来了一长串的战 后难题。Like any other wars in history, the Iraq war has generated a long list of difficult postwar problems for the world第47页/共104页句型

21、提炼In the wake of sth., sb. hurries / begins to 在某事之后，某人急着 / 开始第48页/共104页In the wake of that failure, he hurried to look for chances of reproving himself.第49页/共104页1. To understand the _ of a situation, we have to know something about the kind of situation. A. passages B. relations C. implications D.

22、 findings 第50页/共104页第51页/共104页第52页/共104页第53页/共104页1. I didnt know the word. I had to _ a dictionary. 2. Airport security was extra tight _ yesterdays bomb attacks.succeed in doing work for within reach regardless of be identical to fall intoprovide for in the wake of refer to in terms of be concerne

23、d about as well refer toin the wake of第54页/共104页5. He has never _ what other people think of him.succeed in doing work for within reach regardless of be identical to fall intoprovide for in the wake of refer to in terms of be concerned about as well succeeded in regardless ofbeen concerned about第55页

24、/共104页succeed in doing work for within reach regardless of be identical to fall intoprovide for in the wake of refer to in terms of be concerned about as well _.10. This book _ the class of modern fiction.In terms ofis identical towork forwithin (his) reachfalls into第56页/共104页第57页/共104页appreciate 感激

25、 appropriate 恰当的beyond words 难以言表 convey 传达awesome 棒极了 be obliged to 感激的 considerate 体贴的 indebted 感恩的 generous 慷慨的 grateful 感激的gratitude 感激之情 heartfelt 衷心的hospitality 好客，热情款待 thankful 感谢的 kindness 好意 thoughtful 考虑周到的understanding 善解人意的unselfish assistance 无私的帮助make lasting impressions 留下永久的记忆 cheris

26、h/ treasure 珍藏，珍视extend heartfelt thanks 表达衷心的感谢第58页/共104页第59页/共104页第60页/共104页第61页/共104页第62页/共104页第63页/共104页第64页/共104页第65页/共104页第66页/共104页第67页/共104页第68页/共104页第69页/共104页第70页/共104页第71页/共104页第72页/共104页We dont pass laws against them before there is actual or probable evidence of harm.第73页/共104页第74页/共104

27、页artificial dispose resume at the prospect of/that grow out of make sense turn out (to be) perceive as carry out make an enquiry into第75页/共104页第76页/共104页英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰组成联合王国。英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰组成联合王国。第77页/共104页第78页/共104页Compare: content n. 文字作品的主题内容She was content to step down after four years as chi

28、ef executive. 她在担任了四年主管之后甘愿让位。 adj.满意的, 不再有所求的 We should never content ourselves with a little book knowledge only. 我们切不可满足于仅仅有一点点书本知识。第79页/共104页第80页/共104页谋事在人，成事在天。谋事在人，成事在天。第81页/共104页of these two countries has resumed and developed.近几年来，这两国人民之间的传统友谊得到了恢复和发展。近几年来，这两国人民之间的传统友谊得到了恢复和发展。第82页/共104页第83页

29、/共104页小伙子面带笑容启程回家，期待着他的好消息能给家小伙子面带笑容启程回家，期待着他的好消息能给家人一个惊喜。人一个惊喜。第84页/共104页Most international firms have grown out of small family businesses. 大多数国际公司是由小的家庭企业发展而成的。The idea grew out of a remark made unthinkingly by the chairman.这个主意源于主席一句不经意的话。第85页/共104页grow from 由.长大; 由.发展起来grow in 增加; 在.方面成长grow in

30、to 成长为; 变得成熟有经验grow up 长大; 成人熟; 兴起; 发展grow up into 长大成为第86页/共104页 What youve said makes no sense.归纳记忆: sense构成的短语bring sb. to his senses 使某人恢复理性come to ones senses (昏迷后)苏醒过来in ones right senses 有理性；神志清醒out of ones senses 失去理智，精神错乱in a sense 从某种意义上说make sense of 理解，弄懂的意思第87页/共104页Things turned out to

31、 be exactly as the professor had foreseen. 后来证实事情是完全按照教授的预见发展的。归纳记忆: turn构成的短语turn against (使)变成和敌对turn down 减弱；拒绝，不接受turn in 睡觉；上交turn to 向求助；求得安慰turn up 出现turn upside down 把倒过来；把完全颠倒第88页/共104页They will not be perceived as enemies. On the contrary, we will regard/think of/view them as friends who a

32、re to be relied upon. 他们不会被当作敌人来对待，相反，我们会把他们看成可信赖的朋友。perceiveas: see/think of.consider /viewas He is perceived as a strong candidate for the job. 他被认为是这份工作的强有力的人选。第89页/共104页If my instructions had been carried out, the accident would not have happened. 如果按照我的指令操作，事故就不会发生了。Every possible test was carr

33、ied out to decide the nature of her illness. 为了确定她的病情，一切能做的化验都做过了。第90页/共104页第91页/共104页1. How to _ the nuclear waste is a pressing problem for scientists and politicians alike.pass on perceive as turn outmake sense for the sake of carry onseek out dispose of take advantage ofin the name of send into

34、grow out ofdispose of第92页/共104页2. _ simplicity, we may put the theory briefly as follows.3. The possession of language enables man to _ his wisdom and experience to his children and grandchildren. 4. It _ to buy large packet because it works our cheaper in the end.For the sake ofpass onmakes sense第93页/共104页5. The prime minister spoke _ the king.6. _ the cheap prices while they last. 7.The ships mission is to _ new life on other planets.in the name ofTake advantage ofseek out第94页/共104页8. I