2020年江苏省普通高校专转本选拔考试英语真题

1、2020年江苏省普通高校专转本选拔考试英语真题（总分：150.00,做题时间：150分钟）一、Reading Comprehension（总题数：4,分数：40.00） Passage OneWhen Beverly Goodman was in elementary school, she gave a series of presentations on her favorite topic: disasters. She told her classmates about the eruption that buriedPompeii,the black plague, and famo

2、us shipwrecks like the Titanic and the Lusitania. Today, at 45, she's a marine geoarchaeologist （地理考古学家） who excavates coastlines for clues to erosion, pasttsunamis （海啸）,andother disasters. "It's funny now that I'm a disaster scientist, basically, “ she says. "It all came toget

3、her. ” Humansettlements have long been built around access to water. Goodmarstudies howcoastal change affected our ancestors: Were people forced to leave? Did they find innovative ways to adapt to the changes? This knowledge, she says, can help us a prepare responsibly for what this landscape is goi

4、ng to look like in the future. ” That was the case when Goodman and her team of scientists proved tsunamis had struck the coast of what is now Israel over the course of thousands of years. Partly as a result of their research, the country in 2014 developed its first tsunami preparedness plan.Humansa

5、re manipulating coastlines more dramatically than ever, says Goodman. To learn what effect this will have,“we needto be working faster, and we need more people working on it. ” She believes ancient clues buried underwater can save lives, particularly in places without written records.（分数：10）（1） .Whe

6、n Goodman was a little girl , she might be interested in.（分数：2）A.landscapes B.art and literature C.science and technology D.disasters in history V 解析：be interested in 定位到文章“ favorite ”，原文第一句“ she gave a series of presentations on her favorite topic:disasters. She told her classmates about somedisast

7、ers in history ”， Beverly Goodma就自己喜欢的话题：灾难，做了一些系列的演讲，她给她的 同学讲述了许多有关历史上的灾难。 可以得出选disaster in history（2） .According to the passage , her present job.（分数：2）A.is a disaster for herB.is well-known to ordinary peopleC.is closely related to her childhood interestVD.Has nothing to do with her childhood hob

8、bies 解析：presented 定位到文章“Today” , “ Today, at 45, she 's a marinearchaeological（ 地理考古学家 ）who explores coastlines for clues to erosion, past tsunamis（ 海啸 ） ， and other disasters. ”说明 她现在正在从事灾难相关研究，和儿时梦想相关。（3） .It can be learned from Paragraph Two that.（分数：2）A.where there is water , there are human

9、 beings B.people usually settle down along watersVC.people prefer to live in mountainous areas D.people prefer to live along grasslands解析：第二段的首句“ Human settlements have long been built around access to water ”长期以来， 人类一直围绕着水源建立定居点，与B 项描述相符。（4） .According to Goodman , which of the following is true?(分

10、数： 2)A.People need to pay more attention to coastline research. VB.People show little interest in coastline.C.People have no knowledge about coastlines.D.People have no written records about coastlines.解析：A. People need to pay more attention to coastline research第二段的后半段和第三段主要描述了她的研究成果， 第三段的第一句话“ Hum

11、ansare manipulating coastlines more dramatically than ever, saysGoodman:人类对海岸线的影响比以往任何时候都更加剧烈，与A 选项人们需要更多地关注海岸线研究相符合。（5） .The best title of this passage could be“”.(分数： 2)A.The Changes of the WorldB.The Coastal LandscapeC.Life Style of Ancient AncestorsD.Goodman's Underwater Research V解析：全文主要描述了

12、 Beverly Goodman 的研究。Passage twoOne of the most common reasons why people don't succeed at introducing a permanent exercise habit in their lives is because their workouts are boring. They do the samethings over and over again , and even if they work in the beginning, the body quickly adapts to t

13、hem and stops responding to them in the same way as in the beginning.When the effectiveness drops down and a person gets tired of doing the samethings, the outcome is predictable: you no longer want to work out anymore.That's why I'm so strongly against any kind of structured fitness classes

14、 at the gym that you attend because you think it's the only way to exercise.Seek something enjoyable and exciting and exciting that won't feel like dreadful exercise. If you can't you attend because you think it's the only way to exercise.Seek something enjoyable and exciting that wo

15、n't feel like dreadful exercise. If you can't find it, keep looking until you do. Ultimately, it's the only way to successfully maintain an exercise habit in your life.However, please note that even if you're doing something exciting, no matter how fantastic it is in the beginning, i

16、f you don't change your routine every now and then, it also might get boring, Mixing it up every now and then by focusing on a different aspect of the activity, doing it in a different place. With different intensity or with different people will boost your excitement, shock your body, and ensur

17、e that you'll stick to physical activity for the long haul.（分数:10（1）.Why do people fail to develop a good exercise habit? Because.（分数:2）A.people usually get bored of the same exerciseVB.the exercises are tough to performC.people are too busy with their work D.there are lots of interesting exerci

18、ses 解析：“fail ” 定位原文 d don't succeed ” , “One of the most common reasons why people don't succeed at introducing a permanentexercise habit in their livesis because their workouts areboring. ” 人们不能成功地在生活中养成长期锻炼的习惯，最常见的原因之一就是他们的锻炼太无聊了。(2) .What might happen if people do the same exercise too ma

19、ny times?(分数：2)A.They might get excited.B.They might stop doing it. VC.They might easily get hungry.D.They might lose their temper.解析：由原文“ When the effectiveness drops down and a person gets tired of doing the same things, the outcome is predictable: you no longer want to work out anymore. ”当效率下降，一个

20、人厌倦了做同样的事情，结果是可以预测的，你不想再锻炼了。与选项中他们可能会停止锻炼意思相符。(3) .The author's attitude toward structured fitness classesis .(分数：2)A.supportiveB.appreciativeC.neutralD.negative V解析：由“ structured fitness classes ”定位原文“ That's why I'm so strongly against any kind of structured fitness classes at the gym

21、that you attend because you think it's the only way to exercise. ”由“ strongly against ”得出作者的态度是否定，反对。(4) .According to the passage ， which of the following helps develop a lifetime exercise habit ？(分数：2)A.Attending gym classes.B.Joining a sports club.C.Keeping notes of your exercises.D.Trying en

22、joyable and exciting exercises.V解析：“ enjoyable and exciting ”定位到原文“ Seek something enjoyable and exciting that won't feel like dreadful exercise. Ultimately, it's the only way tosuccessfully maintain anexercise habit in your life. ”寻找一些令人愉快和兴奋的事情，这是在你的生活中成功保持锻炼习惯的唯一方法。与D选项描述相符(5) .If you wou

23、ld like to keep a routine exercise lifelong，you'd better NOT.(分数：2)A.do it in a different placeB.do it on a regular basis VC.do it with different intensityD.do it with different people解析：注意题干中的 not ，原文最后一段“ Mixing it up every nowand then by focusing on a different aspect of the activity, doing i

24、t in a different place, with different intensity or withdifferent people will boost your excitement, shock your body, and ensure that you'll stick to physical activity for thelong haul.主要强调的都是different, A 、C D都描述的是different B 选项描述错误。Passage ThreeEveryone knows that the average human body tempera

25、ture is37but everyone is wrong.It turns out that the bodies ofpeople in the bodies of people in the US have been cooling since the 1860s.Physicians studying body temperature have known for decades that 37 was too high ， says Julie Parsonnet at Stanford University in California.“ But they've alwa

26、ys thought that itwasjust measurementerror in the past, not because temperature had actually dropped. ”To find out what really happened , Parsonnet and her team combined three data sets.The first set covered nearly 24,000Union Army veterans （老兵）from the American Civil War, whose temperatures were me

27、asured between 1860 and 1940. The other two ranged from 1971 to 1975 and from 2007 to 2017. In total,the team analyzed more than 677,000 temperature measurements.On average , US body temperature has dropped by 0.03 C per decade.Body temperatures of menborn in the early l9th centurygewere 0.59 C high

28、er than those of men today. Women's avera temperature has dropped by 0.32 C compared with that of women born in the 1890s. That means average body temperature today is about 36.6 C, not 37 C as it is widely thought.（温The change isn't simply the result of older thermometers度计）being unreliable

29、. Weknow this because the cooling trend is visible within the more modern data sets, in which the thermometers were probably more accurate.“The most likely explanation in my view is that,microbiologically , we're very different people than we were, " says Parsonn et. People have fewer infec

30、tions, thanks to vaccines and antibiotics, so our immune systems are less（发炎）.sinceactive and our body's tissues less inflamed（分数：10）（1）.The average human body temperature has been the 1860s.（分数:2）A.risingB.dropping VC.turning upD.narrowing down解析：since 1860s定位文章“ It turns out that the bodies of

31、 people in the U.S. have been cooling since the 1860s” 由 cooling 得应该选择下降一类的词与 B选项相符。(2) .The word "it" ( Line 2.Para.2 ) refers to the fact that.(分数：2)A.37 C was too high VB.39 was too lowC.37 was irregularD.37 was regular解析：it 一般指代上文中出现过的，应该在上文中查找，“ Physiciansstudying body temperature hav

32、e knownfor decades that 37 was too high, says Julie Parsonnet at Stanford University in California. ”可知 it 指代的是研究体温的医生数十年来一直知道37C太高了这件事。(3) .According to Parsonnet and her team's research ， which of the following is NOT true ？ (分数：2)A.Body temperatures of menborn in the early 1sth century were 0

33、.59 higher than those of men today.B.Women's average temperature has fallen by 0.32 compared with that of women born in the 1890s.C.US body temperature has declined by 0.03for decades onaverage. VD.The average body temperature today is lower than 37 .解析：由“ Parsonnet and her team's research ”

34、定位到原文三四段，对比原文C选项与原文描述不符，“ On average, USbody temperature has dropped by 0.03 ° C per decade. ”原文为“ per decade ”C 选项为 for decades 。(4) .It is less likely for people to get infected becauseof.(分数： 2)A.climate changesB.environment pollutionC.vaccines and antibiotics VD.better thermometers解析：由“ inf

35、ected ”定位原文“ infection ” , “ People have fewer infections, thanks to vaccines and antibiotics, so our immune systems are less active and our body's tissues less inflamed ” 得益于疫苗和抗生素，人们的感染更少了。(5) .It could be concluded from the passage that .(分数： 2)A.we are getting cooler as body temperature fall

36、sVB.we are getting warmer as body temperature fallsC.we are getting cooler as body temperature risesD.we are getting warmer as body temperature rises解析：由原文人的体温下降，推断体温下降让人变得更冷。Passage FourBeing a female tree is hard.A study of a species that can change sex has most striped maple trees die while femal

37、e.“Wehad a suspicion they were changing sex, which is relatively rare among plants. ” says Jennifer Blake -Mahmud at Princeton University. Between 2014 and 2017, she and Lena Struwe at Rutgers University in New Jersey observed the life cycles of 457 striped maples in New Jersey, recording their heal

38、th, diameter and whether they had female or male flowers each spring.They found that 54 per cent of the trees changed sex during that time, and one fourth of those did so-at least twice. A modelbased on these findings showed that, contrary to previous suggestions, healthy trees were more likely to b

39、e male and a tree's size doesn't influence its sex.The growth rate of trees that remained female for many years declined. Of the trees that died,75 per cent had recently produced female flowers. "It's remarkable,"saysBlake- Mahmud."When I see a tree that's dead and I l

40、ook back in mydata sheet, it was almost always female the year before." It isn't clear why this is the case. It could be that female trees need more nutrients because they produce seeds, and it may increase the death rate of female trees, she says.But it could also be that dying trees becom

41、e female as a last effort to create offspring and pass their genes on to the next generation."These populations have a lot more male trees than female trees in general, so just by luck,a female has a better chance of being a parent of the next generation than a male,"says Blake-Mahmud.&quo

42、t;If you' re going to die anyway, then being female is the way to go. That would make more evolutionary sense," (分数： 10)（1） .Which factor mentioned in the passage does NOT influence the striped maple trees sex?(分数： 2)A.Health.B.Size. VC.Season.D.Age.解析：由“ influence ” 定位原文， a tree's size

43、 doesn't influence its sex. 树木的大小不会影响它的性别。（2） .The word "declined"(Line 1, Para.4) is closest in meaning to.（分数： 2） A.got worse B.died away C.went down V D.wore out解析：“The growth rate of trees that remained female for many years declined ” decline这里指生长速度的下降。与 C意思相符。（3） .Female maple tr

44、ees need more nutrients because .（分数： 2）A.they create offspring VB.They change their sexC.they are less healthyD.there are fewer female trees解析：由“ need more nutrients ”定位原文“ It could be that female trees need more nutrients because they produce seeds, and it may increase the death rate of female tre

45、es, she says. ”雌 性树可能会产生种子，因此需要多的养分。与 A 选项相符。（4） .What can be inferred from the last paragraph？（分数： 2）A.Healthy maple trees are more likely to be female.B.Dying maple trees are more likely to be male.C.Female maple trees are less likely to be parents.D.Sex changing could be the natural life process

46、of the maple trees. V 解析：“I f you're going to die anyway, then being female is the wayto go. That would make more evolutionary sense. ”如果你无论如何都会死，那么做一个女人是正确的选择。这在进化上更有意义。与 D 选项性别变化可能是枫树的自然生命过程， （ 即符合自然选择的 规律 ） 相符合。（5） .What's the best title of the passage？（分数：2）A.Female Maple Trees More like

47、ly to Die VB.A Contrast of Female and Male Maple Trees C.Relationships between Female and Male Maple Trees D.Differences between Female and Maple Trees 解析： 全文主要描述雌树会更容易死亡这个现象，为什么会更容易死亡。二、 Vocabulary and Structure（ 总题数：40，分数：40.00）1.Students were required to dowhile staying at homebecause of the COVI

48、D-19 pandemic.（分数： 1.00 ）A.much on-line homework VB.many on-line homeworkC.a few on-line homeworkD.few on-line homework解析：homework不可数，这里想表达的彳业很多的意思，用much修饰2.I was told to take two pillseight hours.（分数： 1.00 ）A.otherB.every VC.othersD.the other解析：every eight hour 每八个小时。3.It is accepted that children

49、need friends of theirage.（分数： 1.00 ）A.to playB.to be played withC.to be playedD.to play with V解析：to play with 是修饰friends ,与谓语动词need无关，分析清楚结 构，避免错选need to be done 等结构。 play with +sb. ， with 不能省略。4 .Mary is an able and responsible woman.That's why she was askedtothe company.1.00）A.hand overB.take

50、overC.turn overD.come over解析：take over 接管，接管公司。5 .Before classes ， someteachers would ask their students to hand in their mobile phones to prevent them from.（分数： 1.00 ）A.being distracted B.being attracted C.distracting D.attracting解析：组织某人做某事，学生是被打扰，prevent sb. from doing sth.being distracted 。6 .The

51、 audience werebecause Mr.Smith's presentationwas.（分数： 1.00 ）A.confused ; confusing VB.confusing ； confusedC.confused ； more confusedD.confusing ； more confusing解析：-ed 形容人， -ing 形容物。7 . What do you think of the popular actor ？ I've never seen a man withsense of humor.（分数： 1.00 ） A.the betterB

52、.the bestC.a good D.a better V解析：用比较级，表示从来没有遇到比这个更好的了。8 .Jacksona book about China last year, but I have notread it yet.（分数： 1.00 ）A.has writtenB.writesC.wrote VD.would write解析：last year 过去式的标志词。9.It that Chinese economy has done well in shifting from high-speed development to quality growth.（分数： 1.

53、00 ）A.has been widely agreed VB.as been widely agreeingC.agreed widelyD.agrees widely解析：It has been widely agreed that. 人们普遍认为。10.We were wondering whether you comeand have lunchwith us on Sunday.（分数： 1.00 ）A.could VB.shouldC.shallD.had better解析：由句意我们想知道您周天是否能来和我们一起吃午餐， 又因为是were wondering 后面宾语从句要用相应

54、的过去时态，选could 。11.If I had started out earlierthe flight to Beijing.（分数： 1.00 ）A.caughtB.would catchC.had caughtD.would have caught V解析：虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时，主句用过去将来完成时， would could/ should might + have + 动词的过去分词。12 .He madeanother wonderful discovery, is of greatimportance to science.（分数： 1.00 ）A.

55、which VB.whereC.in whichD.that解析：非限制性定语从句，前面整个句子，用 which 引导。13 .Whether he could finish his task depends on how well prepared .（分数： 1.00 ）A.he is VB.is heC.can heD.he can解析：宾语从句疑问句要用陈述语序 how well prepared he is 。1.1 I don't thinkeasy for students to master a foreignlanguage within two years.（分数：

56、 1.00 ）A.thatB.it VC.whichD.what解析：形式宾语句 I think it +adj. +for sb. do to sth.。15 .No one is permitted to enter the museum without his/her ID card.（分数： 1.00 ）A.having to showB.being shownC.showing VD.having shown解析：without 介词后面跟名词或动名词，人们主动出示ID 卡，主动语态showing。16 .The fire fighters made all their effort

57、sthe bigfire.（分数： 1.00 ）A.to put out VB.to have put outC.having put outD.being put out解析：make efforts to do sth. 努力做某事。17.late frequently will do harm to your health.（分数： 1.00 ）A.Stay upB.Staying up VC.To have stayedD.Having stayed解析：动名词做主语。18.Only when you have obtained sufficient datacometo a sound conclusion.（分数： 1.00 ）A.you canB.can you VC.do youD.would you解析：由句意只有当你获得了足够的