2022年2022年高二英语语法

1、精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载unit oneword formationderivation派生词 1 常用前缀anti- antipollution auto-automobile co-cooperatedis-dishonest en-enjoyin- incorrect il- il legalim- impossible ir- ir regularinter- inter national mis-misunderstand multi- multi national non-nonsmokerout-outnumber 数量上超过 over-overwork post-po

2、stwarpre- preview/re- reviewaero-aeroplane精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载sub-subconscious super-superstar tele-telephoneun- unlockde-decrease/in-increase mini- miniskirtsemi-semicircleself-self-control、self-tauht kilo- kilo metre2.常用后缀-abilitycap ability -ibilitypossibility -alnation al a./arriv al n.-anero

3、pe an-ianmusician-arianvegetarian -eeemployee/-eremploy er-oractor /-ssactress-arscholar -hoodneighborhood-istart ist精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载-esechinese-nesskindness-ydifficult y n./noisy a.-tysafety-ityactiv ity-thweal th-encedifferent >differ ence-anceignorant >ignorance-domfreedom-ationinvit

4、e >invit ation-tionpollu tion-sion discussion-ingswimming-urefail ure-mentdevelopment-agemarry >marri age-shipfriend ship、 kingship-ismsocialism-fuluseful -iveact >active-ouspoisonous-lyfriend ly, quickly精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载-sometroublesome-enwooden a./sharpen v.-ablebelievable-iblerespo

5、nsible-izemodernize-wardback wardad.-ifybeaut ifyunit two word formationconversion & compounding1 conversion（ 1） v./n.try、 visit、 work、 search、 guess、 request、 demand、 change、 swim、 look、 wash、 seat、 interest、 aim、 shout、 kick、 cry、 desire、 doubt、 love etc.（ 2） a./ad.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载long、

6、 back、 straight（ 3） a./n.wrong、 good、 right2 compounding（ 1）homework、sunrise、headache、background、downtown、someone、nothing（ 2）guide-book、warm-hearted、 well-known、good-looking、 air-conditioned、 left-handed（ 3）folksong、waterpipe、diningroom、 post office精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载unit threethe structure for

7、emphasis the emphaticitit+be+ 被强调成份 +that/who eg:1. bobwenttothetheatrewithjanelast sunday. >it wasbob that/who went to the theatrewith jane last sunday. > it waswith jane that bob went to the theatre last sunday. >itwastothetheatrethatbobwentwith jane last sunday. >it waslast sunday tha

8、t bob went to the theatre with jane.难点一：1. i met him lasy night. >itwas last nightthat不用wheni精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载met him.2. i met him in shanghai. >itwasinshanghaithat 不 用where i met him.3. i knew hin only when i read his book. >it wasonly when i read his book that i knew him.4. i didn t

9、realizehow much time ihadwasted until i began to work. >itwas notuntilibegan to work that i realized how much time i had wasted.5. we didn t go to hangzhou because theweather was bad. >itwasbecause theweatherwas bad that we didnt go to hangzhou.6 what caused the forest fire. >whatwas it tha

10、t caused the forest fire.7. where did he find the key. >wherewasitthathefoundthe key.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载8. when did you get the picture. >whenwasitthatyougotthe picture.难点二：1. i knew him only when i read his book. >it was only when i read his book that i knew him. onlywhenireadhis book

11、didiknow him.eg:1 only when i worked as an interpreter did i realize how important it was to practise speaking english.2 onlytodaydidilearnthedreadfulnews. ididntgo home until ten oclock.2. i didn trealizehow much time ihad wasted until i began to work. >itwas notuntilibegan to workthat i realize

12、d how much time i had精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载wasted.= not until i began to workdid i realize how much time i had wasted.unit fourthe structure for emphasis the auxiliary verbdododoes、did+动词原型1. he does study hard.2. we did find that the report was not true.3. do be careful with the spelling when you

13、write.unit five and six the inversion精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载1 全部倒装,又称主谓倒装全部倒装指：倒装时谓语动词通常不带助动词或情态动词,谓语动词直接移至主语前；1） 地点时间副词here 、there、 now、 then等引导的句子； eg： 1here comes the bus. 2there goes the bell. 3now comes your turn.4thedelegates hadjusttakentheirseats、 then came the chairman. 但如上,主语为人称代词时不能将动词前 移

14、；eg： here is the book. >here it is.2位移副词away、 down、 in、 out、 up、 off等状语放在句首的句子；eg:(1) thedooropened.inrushedthe crowded.(2) up and up went the prices.(3) down fell the rain.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载但如上,主语为人称代词时,不能将动词前移；如：away go the children. >away they go.3) 句子无宾语而主语又较长,须将状语（多为短语）放在句首的句子；eg:(1)

15、 throughthewindowcame ingentle breeze.(2) on the top of the hill stands a temple.4) 表语位于句首的句子；eg:(1) at the head was dr. bethune、 followed by a donkey loaded with medical supplies.(2) bestofallwasthechristmas pudding.(3) such would be our life in the future.(4) nearby were two canoes、 in which the s

16、avages had come to the island.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载5) 表示希望的句子eg:longlivethepeople rsepublicof china.6）句首为动词 -ing 或-ed 分词,和 be 连用的句子；（相当于 4）表语位于句首）eg:sitting round her were her children.buried in the sands was an ancient village.2.部分倒装,又称助动词或情态动词倒装部分倒装指：倒装时谓语动词不提前,通常为助动词或情态动词移至主语前；1以 neither、 nor、

17、no more、 so开头的词, 表示同样情形； eg:1- i don t care much for sweets.-neither do i.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2ienjoyed theplayandso didmy friends.(3) ifyoudon tgowithhim、neitherwill i(4) heisnotasportsmanandhe doesn t like sportss.o it is with me留意：下面以so 开头的简短反应, 表示对别人所说的情形加以确定,不必倒装；eg: 1-it s cold today.-so it

18、 is.（的确如此）2-you have a colour tv set.-so i have. （的确如此）2） 以频度副词开头引出的倒装以always、 usually、 often、 now and then、ev ery day、 once、 many a time许多次、 every other day、 once a week等频度副词位于句首,且表示强调时,用部分倒装；如：often did we warn him not to do so.我曾经常警告他不要那样做；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载3句首为否定词时（三类） ；（ 1 ） 一 般 否 定 词 放 句

19、首 时 ： never、 seldom、 hardly、 little 、few、 rarely等eg: neverhave iseen such a foolish man. little have i thought of it、 for it happened long time ago.seldom does he come late to theoffice.（ 2）具否定意义的词组放句首时： at no time、by no means、 in/under nocircumstances在任何情形下都不 , inno way、 on no account 决不,且莫 , not o

20、ften、 never before、 not until、 not once、 not onlyeg: bynomeansarethegoods satisfactory. we need more.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载 atno timeshould we give upstudythough we have made great progress. on no account can the driver be held responsible. not once has he done as i asked himto do. neverbefore have

21、 ieaten such nice food as this. notuntilibegantoworkdidirealize how much time i had wasted.3 固 定 句 型 的 否 定 词 放 句 首 时 ：（ hardly/scarcelywhen/before、nosoonerthan、句 型 中hardly、 scarcely、 no sooner放句首时）eg: wehadhardlygottothebusstop when the bus arrived. >hardly had we got to the bus stopwhen the bus

22、arrived. ithadscarcely stopped rainingwhen精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载they started on their way again. >scarcely had it stopped raining when they started on their way again. no sooner had the picnic baskets beenunpacked than it began to rain. the picnic baskets had no sooner been unpacked than it bega

23、n to rain.4） only引导状语位于句首eg: only in this way can we expect to get over so many difficulties. only when i worked as an interpreterdid i realize how important it was to practise speaking english. onlytodaydidilearnthedreadfulnews.常用的词语 only by chance、 only by luck、 only then/today/yesterday、 only on

24、a rare occasion、 only with difficult等精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载5) 固定句型（三类） ；（ 1） so/suchthat 结构中的so/such 置于句首时eg: so loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. such anoise was thereintheroomthat i couldn t go on with my work. to such a degree was he excited that he couldn t g

25、o to sleep that night.（ 2部分让步状语从句 eg:youngassheis、sheisquiteexperienced in the work.child as he is 、 he knows a lot.句首名词不能带任何冠词 say what you will , well always stand by you.（难句） =whatever you will say、 we ll always stand by you.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载3虚拟条件句的if省略时, had、were、should 需与主语倒装eg: if i had

26、been there、 i should have spoken to him. > had i been there、 i should havespoken to him. if it were to snow tomorrow、 we would be able to make a snowman in the courtyard. > were it to snow tomorrow、 wewould be able to make a snowman in the courtyard. if he should come here tomorrow、we d be hap

27、py. >shouldhe come here tomorrow、 we d be happy.6) 在比较状语和方式状语从句中,假如主语不为人称代词,常可在主语前添加助动词do以代替前面已显现过的动词；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载eg: ispendmorethandomyfriends. she travelledagreatdeal as did most of her friends .unit seven: the modal verbs1.revision:情态动词表示一个人说话时的情感, 语气,态度,称情态动词、明白它们的词义很重要；如下 : 精确辨出情态

28、动词的中文词义:（ can、may、 must、have towill、need、 shall、 should=ought to、 dare）1can:精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载(1) 表示才能： i can（会） swim. =beable to(2) 表示许可： you couldn't（不行以）go just now、 butyou can gonow.=may/might但在 may i/can i.恳求对方答应的句子中, 用 could i/might i .表示委婉礼 貌,不代表为过去时；(3) 表示判定（用于否定及疑问句中）： can（可能吗） she

29、 be your mother. no、 she can't（不行能）be your mother.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2may:1 表示许可：用法can和表示许可一样；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载（ 2）表示判定： may/might可能（ may不用在疑问）may/might加 not加 no t说明可能不；说明不 可能can/could3must:精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载4will:1 表示判定 :she must （ 肯定为） beyour mother. no、 she can't.2 表示义务 :yo

30、umust（必需） finishyourhomework now.no、ineedn't.=dontneedto.=donthaveto. （不必） must表示主观必需,但have to表示客观不得不；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载1 表示将来时 :it will（将）be saturday tomorrow. iwewill do sth.=iwe shall do sth.2 表示判定 :she doesn' t want to eat、 she will/would be ill.3 表示意志 、坚持 :the dog wouldn't（情愿）

31、let me in. he will（情愿）notlistentothedoctor.4 询问对方意愿：will you/would you.=can you. could you.=would精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载you like to.5need:表示义务： we need to go there. /we needn't go there.=we don't need to go there.need we go there.=dowe need to go there.（ needn't=don'thave to=don'

32、t need to（ need说明必要时,在确定句中只能作行为动词, 疑问句和否定句中既可作行为动词,亦 可作情态动词）she needs a cat. does she need acat. she doesnt need a cat.（ need说明需要时 、在确定句疑问句和否定句中都作行为动词）6shall:1 表示义务：用于第一人称,征求他人看法； shall i carry it for you .要我干；吗？精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2 shall用于其次,第三人称表示说话人对句子主语的命令.警告.许诺等；you shall stay here./you sha

33、ll get five pounds if you work for me./he shall not leave before six.7) should=ought to:表示义务：youshould（应当）comeearlier、 you shouldn't ought not tobe late.8) dare:表示意志 :i dare （敢） to go there atnight. /i don'tdaretogo thereatnight.=i darenotgo there at night./dare you gothere at night.=do you

34、dare to go there at night.（确定句中 dare只能作行为动词,疑问句和否定句中既可作行为动词, 亦可作情态动词）2.grammar in unit seven:精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载情态动词可以表示判定、 精确将如下句子译成中文 :（分别对现在和过去事情的判定）(1) it is lunch time. they might be having lunch now. > they mightmay、shouldbehavinglunch now.(2) he looks unhappy. he may have got into trou

35、ble. > he looks unhappy. he may might、could have got into trouble.不包含can(3) he looks unhappy. he must have got into trouble.(4) he started the job in the morning. heshould 此句表预期,不能用ought to have finished it by now.（此处说明“应当已经”,不说明虚拟“本该” ）,留意区分虚拟： you should也可以用 oughtto have come earlier.精品学习资料精选学习

36、资料 - - - 欢迎下载（ 5）can（ could they have gone to boston精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载on business. 疑may, might问句表判定不用精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载（6） ）she might may not have lockedthedoor.（7） ）he cancouldnot have locked the door.(8) he said you couldnhatve locked the door.（主句过去时,不用can）t(9) by now、 they should（想必） ha

37、vearrived home. 此句的should have arrived home 表判定 unit eightthe modal verbswould、should、could、might、needn t可以表示虚拟、 表虚拟语气的情态动词只 用动名词的过去式；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载练习：精确将如下句子译成中文:（指明对过去,现在、 将来哪一时刻的虚拟）(1) we wish we could succeed.(2) if he were here、 he would come to help us. =were he here、 he would come to

38、 help us.(3) the work condition is too bad. if it精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载weren t too bad、wijob.ould accept this精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载(4) he will not fail. if he failed、 he would try it again.5i have no money on me. if i had any、 i wouldshould lend some to you.(6) if it shouldwere to be fine tomorrow

39、、we would go on getting crops.however、 it won t be. fine(7) if it should（ were to）snow tomorrow,we would put off the journey. however、 it will not snow.= should it精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载snow tomorrow、 we would put off the journey.(8) if he had set out earlier、 he should ought tohave been home now.=h

40、ad he set out earlier、 he should ought tohave been home now.(9) we have finished the job within three days which should have been finished within six days.10a wiser man should not have done it.(11) but for the crew、 the plane would have crashed.=if it were not for the crew、 the plane would have cras

41、hed.(12) he can t have written to me.otherwise、 i should have received his letter.(13) i could have passed the test、but i didn t have enough time.14i might have finished it earlier、but i was too busy to spare time.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载(15) they should ought to have worked hard at english when they

42、 were young.(16) you could might have tried hard.otherwise、 you would have a good job.(17) you needn t have come to school、 forit s sunday. >（区分） i didn t need to go to school that day. as there wasno teacher there. and i didn t.(18) if he had had dinner、he wouldn t have hadsomanycookies. =hadheh

43、ad dinner、he wouldn t have had so many cookies.(19) i was ill that day .otherwisei would have taken part in the party.(20) withoutmusic、 theworldwouldbe adull place.=but for music、 the world would be a dull place.=if it were not for music、 the world would be a dull place.（留意时态） =if we didn t have mu

44、sic、the world would be a dull place. （留意精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载时态）（21） ） without your help、 i wouldnt havepassed the test. =but for your help、 i wouldnt have passed the test.=if it had not been for your help、 i wouldn t have passed the test.（留意时态） = if you hadnt helped me、 i wouldnt have精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载passed the test（.留意时态）精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载note: 其它虚拟形式：1. 主句有 sugges（t建议） 、 order、 demand、propose、 request、 desire、 insi（st坚持）、ask、advise 等及其