Peking_opera京剧英文介绍

1、1会计学Peking_opera京剧英文介绍京剧英文介绍China has more than 300 forms of traditional opera, of which Peking Opera is the most popular. Peking Opera evolved from Kunqu Opera, an even more ancient art of drama listed by UNESCO in 2001 among the first group of works representing humankind through oral history. Pek

2、ing Opera developed in early 19th-century Beijing and presents singing, music, chanting, dancing and martial arts all in one stage performance.The “Four Great Anhui Troupes” 四大徽班四大徽班coming to Beijing in 1790 ushered the forming of Beijing Opera.The combination of Huidiao（徽调（徽调),Kunqu(昆曲昆曲) and Qinqi

3、ang(秦腔秦腔) gradually formed Peking operas main melodies, The Beginning Period Peking opera is generally regarded as having fully Peking opera is generally regarded as having fully formed by 1845 with the birth of the first formed by 1845 with the birth of the first generation of Peking opera performe

4、rs. The generation of Peking opera performers. The following picture shows 13 famous performers following picture shows 13 famous performers between between 1860 and 18901860 and 1890Beijing opera reached maturity between 1883 and 1918. This was partly because the Empress Dowager Cixi became a regul

5、ar patron of it. In this period, the leading figures are Tan Xinpei , Wang Guifen and Sun Juxian who were called ”The three post giants of Housheng”.Tan Xinpei-the leading figurePeking Operas facial make-up is based on life, or rather, it is the summarization of life. 1、Draw on the principles of gen

6、etic origin.Draw on the principles of genetic origin.借鉴借鉴生活中血统遗传的原理。生活中血统遗传的原理。For instance, Zhang For instance, Zhang Pao(Pao(张苞张苞), son of Zhang Fei), son of Zhang Fei张飞张飞, Meng Qiang, Meng Qiang孟孟强强, son of Meng Liang, son of Meng Liang孟良孟良, they all follow , they all follow their fathers their f

7、athers facial make-up and this facial make-up and this gradually became a general practice.gradually became a general practice.2 2、They use different colors to specify different They use different colors to specify different characters in conformity with the roles in the characters in conformity wit

8、h the roles in the opera.opera.3 3、 Rely on descriptions of the characters in Rely on descriptions of the characters in classical literary works or folk stories.For classical literary works or folk stories.For example, the red-faced Guan Yu and the dark-example, the red-faced Guan Yu and the dark-fa

9、ced Bao Gong. faced Bao Gong. Face of eunuch (太监脸太监脸)The color of it is either red or white.Wry face歪脸：歪脸：Lacking symmetry is a device to exaggerate the wryness and ugliness of facial feature of the accomplices and bullies.Yuanbao (Shoe-shaped gold ingo) facet(元宝脸元宝脸): It got the name as the color o

10、f the forehead and te cheek is different and the outline looks like a shoed-shaped gold ingot. Face of immortal: (神仙脸神仙脸)Composition of the face originated from the statue of the Buddha构图 取法佛像。The main colors used are golden and silvery which stand for holiness and dignity 主要用金、银色，或在辅色中添勾金、银色线条和涂色块，

11、以示神圣威严。 Face of demon:(小妖脸)Also called “random face”(随意脸)” General meaning：brave、loyal and chivalrous侠义, mostly for a positive roles;others：ironically, sometimes it represents those who are good looking but actually bad in nature.General meaning：straightforward、brave and fortitude刚毅，full of wisdomot

12、hers：represent the yin from yin yang, usually for ghosts,d ark skin guys or ugly-looking peopleGeneral Meaning: Insidious and treacherous, obstinate阴险奸诈 and adhere to his own judgment; 刚愎自用 Others:sometimes it also represents monks, eunuches(太监) and aged people.General Meaning: upright and unyieldin

13、g ; a hero who will never be faltered by neither threats nor force”. Others: sorrowful looking, or even ugly looking people.Besides color, lines also function as symbols. For example, a figure can be painted either all white on his face, or just around the nose. The larger the white area painted , t

14、he more viperous the role.Mi was born in 1894 in a family of Peking Opera and Knq performers. He made his stage debut when he was 10 years old. In his 50-year stage career, he maintained strong continuity while always working on new techniques. His smooth, perfectly timed, poised style has been know

15、n in opera circles as the “Mi School.”1.In 1915, for the first time Mei used the spotlight 追光 in Peking Opera.2.In 1923, Mei was inspired to add erhu to the accompaniment of Peking opera, which enriched its background music.3.In 1930, Mei made a t tour performance with his troupe abroad, and visited

16、 Japan , Canada, and the United States. He showed to the whole world how marvelous the Peking Opera is and the tour turned to be a great success.Mei Lanfang ranked first in the “Four Famaous Dan-role Actors ” 四大名旦四大名旦 Kunqu Cuanxi Huangmeixi Yueju Qinqiang Yuju Hebeibangzi Cantonese Opera Peking Ope

17、ra developed in early 19th-century Beijing and presents singing, music, chanting, dancing and martial arts all in one stage performance.Peking Operas facial make-up is based on life, or rather, it is the summarization of life. Wry face歪脸：歪脸：Lacking symmetry is a device to exaggerate the wryness and

18、ugliness of facial feature of the accomplices and bullies.Yuanbao (Shoe-shaped gold ingo) facet(元宝脸元宝脸): It got the name as the color of the forehead and te cheek is different and the outline looks like a shoed-shaped gold ingot. Mi was born in 1894 in a family of Peking Opera and Knq performers. He made his stage debut when he