新标准大学英语(第二版)综合教程2 Unit 5 A篇练习答案及课文翻译

1、ContentsActive Reading 1Couch Potato: Life as a Full-time Television WatcherListen to the audio clip and give explanations to the following terms.Warming Up1 couch potato2 mouse potato3 cabin fever4 nesting/cocooning5 leave the nest6 empty nest/empty nesterScriptsCheck your answers.Warming Up1 couch

2、 potato2 mouse potato3 cabin feversomeone who likes to spend a lot of time sitting or lying down while watching televisionsomeone who enjoys working on a computer as much as a couch potato enjoys watching television boredom and restlessness people experience if they spend too much time inside their

3、homesWarming Up4 nesting / cocooning5 leave the nest6 empty nest / empty nesterthe way that some people enjoy spending a lot of time in their homes to make them nice places to liveWhen children are grown, they are in college, or they are married and starting families of their own far away from their

4、 parents houses.When children leave the nest, their parents are living alone without children in their empty houses. ScriptsSome unusual words describe how a person spends his or her time. For example, someone who likes to spend a lot of time sitting or lying down while watching television is someti

5、mes called a “couch potato”. A couch is a piece of furniture that people sit on while watching television. Robert Armstrong, an artist from California, developed the term couch potato in 1976. Several years later, he listed the term as a trademark with the United Statesgovernment. Mister Armstrong a

6、lso helped write a funny book about life as a full-time television watcher. It is called the Official Couch Potato Handbook.Warming UpWarming UpCouch potatoes enjoy watching television just as “mouse potatoes” enjoy working on computers. A computer mouse is the device that moves the pointer, or curs

7、or, on a computer screen. The description of mouse potato became popular in 1993. American writer Alice Kahn is said to have invented the term to describe young people who spend a lot of time using computers.Too much time inside the house using a computer or watching television can cause someone to

8、get “cabin fever”. A cabin is a simple house usually built far away from the city. People go to a cabin to relax and enjoy quiet time. Cabin fever is not really a disease. However, people can experience boredom and restlessness if they spend too much time inside their homes. This is especially true

9、during the winter when it is too cold or snowy to do things outside. Often children get cabin fever if they cannot go outside to play. So do their parents. This happens when there is so much snow that schools and even offices and stores are closed. Some people enjoy spending a lot of time in their h

10、omes to make them nice places to live. This is called “nesting” or “cocooning”. Birds build nests out of sticks to hold their eggs and baby birds. Warming UpSome insects build cocoons around themselves for protection while they grow and change. Nests and cocoons provide security for wildlife. So peo

11、ple like the idea of nests and cocoons, too.The terms cocooning and nesting became popular more than 20 years ago. They describe people buying their first homes and filling them with many things. These people then had children. Now these children are grown and have “left the nest”. They are in colle

12、ge. Or they are married and starting families of their own far away. Now these parents are living alone without children in their “empty nest”. They have become “empty nesters”.Warming UpTextLeisure inactivities or how to relax and do nothingAbout the textGo to the textTextthe evolution of leisure a

13、ctivitieswhen people had no much free timein the Victorian timeno leisure activitiesfootball, rugby, cricket, bird-watching in the 1990sin the 21st centurybeing a couch potatobeing a mouse potatoAbout the textTextcouch potatoWho wants to be a couch potato?How to become a couch potato?What are mouse

14、potatoes?What do mouse potatoes usually do?Who oppose the term couch potato and why?What are the risks for couch potatoes?What are possible for more adventurous mouse potatoes?mouse potatoLeisure inactivities or how to relax and do nothing1 Centuries ago people didnt have much free time, because eve

15、ryone was working too hard. In Britain in the 19th century, people had more time off, but the Victorians thought relaxing and doing nothing was a sin. So to avoid temptation, they invented football, rugby and cricket. People took up more gentle leisure activities like bird-watching, gardening and tr

16、ainspotting, and it was even possible simply to watch a sport and give the impression that you were actually doing something useful.Text2 One instance of this is cricket, which is a peculiar game with weird rules, where nothing happens for five days, at the end of which the players often decide to c

17、all it a draw. And everyone, players and spectators, feel perfectly fulfilled by this non-event. Its a good example of what we can now call a leisure inactivity. 3 Gradually over the years, leisure inactivities have involved even less interaction. In the 1990s a new leisure creature evolved, one who

18、 thinks that lying on the sofa watching sport or DVDs on the television is the most exciting inactivity they can manage. This is the couch potato.Text4 So who wants to be a couch potato? Well, as a matter of fact, many people do, and for understandable reasons. Maybe its your one day off in the week

19、. Maybe you just got back from work or school. Maybe youre tired and just want to chill. For the couch potato, every activity is too much trouble, and laziness is an art form.5 How do you become a couch potato? Its easy. Sit down in a comfortable place, such as a reclining chair, a beanbag or . you

20、knew it was coming . a couch. Dont sit on a potato. Make sure you have everything you need, snacks (especially potato chips no serious couch potato would eat anything else), drinks, magazines and a telly.Text6 The most important piece of equipment is of course, the remote control. Without the freedo

21、m to change channel without moving from the couch, no couch potato would be worthy of the name. In fact, watching TV without a remote control becomes dangerously like physical exercise, and probably should be avoided.7 Now just start watching the telly. Change channels every ten seconds, and then mo

22、ve on. Dont be too keen, try not to get too interested in anything, because that risks your status as a couch potato. (Remember that you have the attention span of a Maris Piper.) Finally, ask other people to do things for you, like get more food, or rent a movie. But be nice to them! If you arent n

23、ice, youll probably have to do it yourself.Text8 But with every new fashion, theres a reaction. British farmers were recently reported by the BBC to be angry at the use of the expression couch potato, because it was damaging the vegetables image. Potatoes are inherently healthy, says the British Pot

24、ato Council, and is organizing protests to demand the removal of couch potato from the Oxford English Dictionary.9 So there you are! Couch potatoes are healthy.Text10 Of course, for the true couch potato, there are inherent risks. Perhaps the greatest of these results from the lack of exercise, and

25、is referred to by professional couch potatoes as telly belly. Some, however, see their telly belly as a mark of their dedication to their leisure inactivity, and wear it proudly over the top of their trousers. (Interestingly, this is a highly fashionable style known as a muffin top. Find out why nex

26、t time youre in Starbucks.)Text11 But times move on, and in the 21st century we now have a version of the couch potato specially for the online activities on the computer. This is called the mouse potato. A mouse potato spends excessive amounts of time in front of a computer monitor, with the same l

27、ack of interest in the outside world as their older cousin, the couch potato. Mouse potatoes are addicted to online gaming with other fellow tubers around the world. In fact, leaving the computer not only seems pointless but also risks a threat by some rival mouse potato in a brighter time zone acro

28、ss the world. For time off, they usually perform extensive Internet searches or participate in online chat rooms, leaving ill-informed and badly spelt opinions around the virtual world, and generally insulting ones intelligence.Text12For the more adventurous mouse potatoes, you can even travel the w

29、orld and visit countries you might otherwise never see by going to CouchPotatotravel. com. You can also find out how much time you spend on your computer by logging the distance your mouse travels. These are called mouse miles, and who knows, maybe one day you can exchange them for more potato chips

30、 at all good computer stores.13So with a minimum of effort you too can have your own leisure inactivity. Become a couch potato! Earn that telly belly! Train hard as a mouse potato, and earn mouse miles. Get started today. Theres so much time, and so little to do.TextText闲暇无为闲暇无为或如何歇着无所事事或如何歇着无所事事1 数

31、百年前，人们没有多少空闲时间，因为人人都在辛苦劳作。在19 世纪的英国，人们有了较多闲暇，可是维多利亚时代的人认为歇着无所事事是一种罪过。于是为了避免诱惑，他们发明了足球、橄榄球和板球。人们开始从事更温和的休闲活动，如观鸟、园艺、收集火车头号码。他们甚至可能只是观看一项运动，给人一种有事可做的印象。Text2 其中一个例子是板球。这是一种规则怪异的奇特游戏，如果五天之内毫无进展，玩家往往就会决定双方战平。而无论是玩家还是观众，人人都对这毫无结果的比赛感到心满意足。这是个我们现在可以称之为闲暇无为的好例子。 3 近年来，闲暇无为中的互动逐渐变得更少了。在20 世纪90 年代，一个新的休闲物种进化

32、成功，它认为躺在沙发上看电视体育节目或数码影碟是它们能做到的最令人兴奋的无为了。这就是沙发土豆。Text4 那么，谁想当沙发土豆呢？好吧，事实上，许多人都想，理由也是可以理解的。也许今天你休息，也许你刚下班或放学。也许你累了，只想放松。对沙发土豆来说，任何活动都太麻烦，懒散是一门艺术。5 怎样才能变成沙发土豆呢？那很容易。在一个舒适的地方坐下，例如一张躺椅、一个豆袋或你知道接下来就是一张沙发。可别坐在土豆上。确保你拥有所需的一切：零食（尤其是土豆片严肃的沙发土豆不会吃别的）、饮料、杂志和电视。Text6 最重要的装备当然是遥控器了。没有无需离开沙发就能换频道的自由，沙发土豆就配不上这个称号。事

33、实上，没有遥控器看电视有变成近似体育锻炼的危险，或许是应当避免的。7 现在，就开始看电视吧。每隔十秒钟换一次频道，然后继续换。别太用心，尽量不要对任何节目太感兴趣，因为这会威胁到你的沙发土豆身份。（记住，你的注意力持续时间只有玛丽斯 派铂马铃薯的那么长。）最后，要让别人帮你做事，如拿更多食物，或租影碟。但是对他们态度要好！如果你态度不好，你就很可能得亲自动手了。Text8 但是，对于每种新时尚，都会有反对者。英国广播公司最近报道，英国农民对“沙发土豆”这一叫法感到愤怒，因为它败坏了土豆的形象。英国土豆协会称，土豆是天然有益于健康的，他们将要组织抗议活动，要求把“沙发土豆”一词从牛津英语词典中删

34、除。9 你瞧我没说错吧！沙发土豆是健康的。Text10 当然，对于真正的沙发土豆来说，固有的危险还是有的。也许最大的危险来自缺乏锻炼，其后果便是被专业沙发土豆称为电视肚。然而，有些人则视自己的电视肚为专注闲暇无为的标志，骄傲地把它系在裤腰之上。（有趣的是，这是一种极为时尚的穿法，叫做松糕顶。下次泡星巴克的时候去弄明白为什么吧。） Text 11 可是时间在推移，到了21 世纪，我们现在又有了沙发土豆的翻版，特指电脑在线活动。这叫做鼠标土豆。鼠标土豆在电脑显示器前面花费太多的时间，和他们的表兄沙发土豆一样缺乏对外界的兴趣。鼠标土豆痴迷于与世界各地的块茎同伴玩在线游戏。事实上，离开电脑不仅毫无意义

35、， 而且会使你受到世界上较亮时区的鼠标土豆对手的威胁。休息期间，他们通常在互联网上进行广泛搜索或加入在线聊天室，在虚拟世界到处留下缺乏见识和拼写拙劣的意见，一般来说是对人家智力的污辱。Text 12 对于更具冒险精神的鼠标土豆来说，你甚至可以登录沙发土豆旅游网站，去周游世界，造访列国，如果没有该网站你可能永远也去不了这些地方。通过记录你的鼠标旅行的距离，你还可以算出你在电脑上花了多少时间。这叫做鼠标英里数，或许将来的某一天，在所有好的电脑商店里你可以拿它换更多的土豆片。13 就这样，费最小的劲，你也可以拥有自己的闲暇无为。变成一个沙发土豆吧！养一个那样的电视肚吧！作为鼠标土豆刻苦训练，挣鼠标英

36、里数吧。今天就开始吧。时间那么多，而要做的事情却那么少。leisure inactivity sin temptation rugby fulfilled involve interaction evolve couch potato snack telly span attention span inherently cricket trainspotting instance peculiar fulfilunderstandable chill laziness reclining chair beanbag removal inherent belly dedication fashi

37、onable Words & Phrasesmuffin addicted tuber pointless extensive ill-informed virtual insult adventurous Words & Phrasestake up as a matter of fact move on get started worthy of Maris Piper 玛丽斯派铂Starbucks 星巴克（咖啡店）leisure n. U 1. ( time) the time when you are not working or not busy 空闲；闲暇e.g.

38、I have no leisure time for playing cards. 我没有闲暇玩牌。2. activities that you do to relax or enjoy yourself 消遣；娱乐e.g. 1. The leisure industry is now an important part of the economy. 现在休闲娱乐行业是经济的一个重要组成部分。2. My busy schedule leaves little time for leisure. 我的日程安排得满满的，几乎没有时间娱乐。Word family: leisurely a. Wor

39、ds & Phrasesinactivity n. U the state of not taking part in physical activity or exercise 不活动；无活力e.g. 1. After days of inactivity, the enemy finally showed its teeth by a frontal attack on our position. 几天没动静之后，敌人终于凶猛地向我们的阵地发动了正面进攻。2. It is better to wear oneself out with hard work than to becom

40、e feeble through laziness and inactivity. 与其锈坏，不如用坏；与其闲死，不如忙死。Antonym: activity Word family: active a. Words & PhrasesWords & Phrasessin n.1. sing an action or way of behaving that you think is morally wrong（道德上的）罪恶；罪过e.g. Its a sin to waste food. 浪费食品是一种罪过。2. C, U an action, thought, or way

41、 of behaving that is wrong according to religious laws（宗教上的）罪；罪孽e.g. 1. Catholics go to confession to purge their souls of sin. 天主教徒透过告解以净化灵魂。2. Do you know the seven deadly sins? 你知道七宗罪吗？Word family: sinful a. temptation n. C, U a strong feeling of wanting to have or do sth., especially sth. that i

42、s bad for you（尤指坏的）诱惑，引诱 e.g.1. Keep your valuables locked away so as not to put temptation in the way of thieves. 锁好你的贵重物品免得招来盗贼。2. He found it hard to resist the temptation to open the letter. 他发现很难挡住诱惑不去打开那封信。3. Our holiday camp, cool in summer and warm in winter, brings an irresistible temptatio

43、n to you. 本度假村冬暖夏凉，带给您挡不住的诱惑。 Word family: tempt v. Words & Phrasesrugby n. U a game played by two teams of players with a ball shaped like an egg. Goals are scored by kicking the ball over a high bar, and points called tries are scored by putting the ball behind the goal line. 英式橄榄球e.g. Rugby p

44、layers must be rugged. 橄榄球运动员必须健壮。 Words & PhrasesWords & Phrasescricket n.1. U a game played by two teams of 11 players who get points by hitting a ball with a bat and running between two sets of sticks called stumps. Someone who plays this sport is called a cricketer 板球（运动）The traditional

45、form of cricket as stated did last a very long time and winning was not regarded as especially important. The idea was that playing itself was a sufficient reason it is a fulfillment. Modern versions of cricket are shorter and more competitive.e.g. Cricket is very popular in England. 板球在英国很流行。2. C a

46、 small brown insect that moves by jumping and makes a loud noise by rubbing its front wings together 蟋蟀e.g. Insects called silkworms spin silk. Bees make honey and crickets make music with their feet. 蚕能吐丝，蜂能酿蜜。而蟋蟀能用它们的脚奏出美妙的音乐。Words & Phrasestrainspotting n. U the activity of watching trains an

47、d writing down their numbers and names 观察火车并写下火车号码和名称e.g. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, trainspotting is the hobby of hanging around beside railway lines and taking careful note of the details of the trains that go by. 根据牛津英语词典的说法，猜火车是指一种在铁轨边晃荡、仔细记下来往列车细节的爱好。Word family: trainspotter n

48、.Words & Phrasesinstance n. C an example of sth. happening 例子；事例；实例e.g. 1. They came across many instances of discrimination. 他们遇到很多歧视的事例。2. The study cites disturbing instances of water pollution in this neighbourhood. 这项研究援引了该地区令人震惊的水污染为证。 for instance e.g. There are jobs more dangerous than t

49、ruck driving, for instance, training lions. 有些工作比开卡车还要危险，例如驯狮。Words & Phrasespeculiar a.1. strange, often in an unpleasant way 古怪的；怪异的；乖僻的e.g. 1. Could you perceive that something is peculiar? 你能觉察出事情有些不对头吗？2. His accent was a peculiar mixture of Cockney and American. 他的口音是伦敦腔和美国腔混合成的奇怪腔调。2. esp

50、ecially true or typical of a particular person, thing, or situation 特别的；独特的e.g. These are the customs peculiar to the Americans. 这些是美国人所特有的风俗习惯。Word family: peculiarity n.Words & Phrasesfulfil vt. (also fulfill)1. ( a dream / ambition / aim) to achieve sth. you wanted to do, or get sth. you hope

51、d for 实现；达到e.g. 1. Does your job fulfil your expectations? 你的工作符合你的预想吗?2. Visiting Disneyland fulfilled his boyhood dream. 游玩迪斯尼乐园实现了他童年的梦想。3. He wouldnt be able to fulfil his ambition to visit Naples. 他将无法实现游览那不勒斯的愿望。Words & Phrases2. ( a function / role / purpose) to do a particular job, or ha

52、ve a particular purpose 做（某工作）；起（作用）e.g. 1. Both the seaway and the landway would continue to fulfil vital functions. 海路和陆路都将继续发挥重要的功能。2. Both parties shall fulfil their respective contract obligation. 签约双方都应履行各自的合同义务。See also: fulfilled a.Words & Phrasesfulfilled a. happy and satisfied, especia

53、lly because you are doing sth. important or using your abilities 满足的；有成就感的e.g. 1. The director felt fulfilled when he saw his film was a success. 导演看到自己的电影成功，觉得很有成就感。 2. Adult education helps people achieve more fulfilled lives. 成人教育可以让生活更加充实。Word family: fulfilling a. fulfillment n.See also: fulfil

54、Words & Phrasesinvolve vt.1. to include sth. as a necessary part of an activity, event, or situation （作为必要的部分）包含，需要e.g.1. Being a teacher involves giving his knowledge to his students. 当老师需要把他的知识教授给他的学生。2. Every day each of us makes decisions that involve taking a chance. 每天我们每个人作出的决定都包含碰运气的成分。W

55、ords & PhrasesWords & Phrases2. to include or affect sb. or sth. in an important way 牵涉；牵连e.g. 1. These changes will involve everyone on the staff. 这些变化将涉及每一位职员。2. I saw an accident involving a coach and two cars on the way to school. 去学校的路上，我目睹了一起涉及一辆长途汽车和两辆轿车的事故。Choose the best answer:1. P

56、utting in a new window will _ cutting away part of the roof. (CET4-2000-06) A. containB. comprise C. includeD. involve2. Not long ago, a person whom I know very well was _ an accident. (CET4-1988-06) A. related toB. involved in C. included inD. subjected toWords & PhrasesDBinteraction n. C, U 1.

57、 ( with / between) the activity of being with and talking to other people, and the way that people react to each other 互动；交流e.g. What is her interaction with her boss like? 她跟老板相互配合得怎么样？2. ( of / between) the process by which different things affect each other or change each other 相互影响；相互作用e.g. We m

58、ust pay special attention to the complex interaction between animals and their environment. 我们必须特别关注动物与生存环境之间复杂的相互作用。Word family: interact v. Words & Phrasesevolve vi. 1. when a type of plant or animal evolves, its physical form changes over a long period of time （生物）进化； 演变e.g. These unique plan

59、ts evolved undisturbed for millions of years. 这些独特的植物在没有干扰的情况下经历了数百万年的进化。2. to gradually change and develop over a period of time 逐渐发展；演化e.g. Language is constantly and gradually evolving. 语言在不断逐渐地发展。Word family: evolution n. Words & Phrasescouch potato n. C (infml) sb. who spends a lot of time

60、sitting and watching television 老泡在电视机前的人e.g. My father becomes a couch potato during football season. 在足球赛季我的父亲成天坐在沙发上看电视。Words & Phrasesunderstandable a.1. normal and reasonable in a particular situation 可理解的；正常的；合情理的e.g. Its quite understandable that she was annoyed. 她被惹恼了，这很能理解。2. clear and easy to understand 清楚易懂的e.g. 1. Though his accent was strange, the words were perfectly understand