2022年2022年初中英语代词情态动词总结及经典练习题

1、精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载中学英语代词情态动词总结及练习题情态动词专题：情态动词（一）情态动词的定义情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度；（二）情态动词的特点1）有肯定词义； 2）不受主语人称和数的变化影响；3）与主要动词的原形（或称不带to 的不定式）一起构成谓语（除ought to 作固定词组看待） ；（三）情态动词的分类和意义意义情态动词（四）情态动词的基本用法1. can could1）表示才能, could 主要指过去时间；two eyes can see more than one. 两只眼比一只眼看得清；could the girl read she went to

2、school.这女孩上学前能识字吗？2）表示可能（理论上或为规律判定上） ；the temperature can fall to60、 that is 60 below freezing.气温可降至 60,也就为零下60；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载he can t couldn t have enough money for a ne他w 不ca可r.能有足够的钱买新车；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载you mustn't smoke while you're walking around in the wood. you could st

3、art a fire.在林子里走时勿吸烟,那样可能会引起火灾；3）表示答应；can i have a look at your new pen. 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？ he asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room. 他问他可不行以把书带出阅览室；4）表惊奇.怀疑.不信任等态度；主要用于否定句.疑问句或感叹句中； where can could they have gone to. 他们会去哪儿了呢？he can t couldn t be over s他ix不ty.可能超过六十岁； how can you

4、be so careless. 你怎么这么马虎？ 5）比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法；can could you lend me a hand. 帮我一把好吗？精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载i m afraid we couldn t give you an answer恐to怕da我y.们今日不能给你答复；2. may might1）表答应, might 可以指过去时间,也可指现在时间,语气更委婉；you may take whatever you like.你喜爱什么就拿什么；he told me that i might smoke in the room.他告知我可以

5、在房间里抽烟；may might i ask for photo your baby.我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？在回答以 may 引起的问句时,多防止用这个词,而用其它方式,如yes、 please. / certainly.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载/ please don t ./ you d better not. / no、 yo等u ,m以us免tn 显得太严峻t或.不客气；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2）表可能（事实上） ；可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,但语气更加不愿定； he may be at home.他可能在家；she may n

6、ot know about it.她可能不知道这件事；he was afraid they might not agree with him.他担忧他们可能不同意他的看法；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载they might be having a meeting、 but i m他n们ot 有su可re能.3. must1）表示义务；意为 “必需”（主观意志）；在开会,不过我不愿定；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载we must do everything step by step. 我们一切都必需循序渐进地做；you mustn t talk to her li

7、ke that.你不行能那样对她说话；-must we hand in our exercise books now.我们现在就要交练习本吗？-no、 you needn t. / no、 you don t不h必av；e（to这.种情形下,一般不用mustn）t2）表示揣测；意为 “想必.准为.肯定 ”等,只用于确定句；he must be ill. he looks so pale.他准为病了；他的脸色惨白；she s wearing a diamond necklace. she must have a lot of mone她y. 戴着钻石项链,肯定很有钱；4. shall1）表征询看

8、法,用于第一.第三人称疑问句； shall i get some tea.我给你点茶好吗？shall the boy wait outside. 让那男孩在外面等吗？what shall we do this evening.我们今晚做什么？2）表说话人的意愿,有 “命令.承诺.警告.决心”等意思,用于其次.第三人称陈述句；you shall do as i say.按我说的做；（命令）you shall have my answer tomorrow.你明天可以得到我的答复； （承诺）he shall be sorry for it one day、 i tell you.有一天他会懊悔的,

9、我告知你； （警告）nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan. 什么也不能阻挡我们执行这项方案； （决心）精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载5. will 1）表意愿,用于各种人称陈述句；i will do anything for you.我愿为你做任何事；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载none is so blind as those who won不愿t s看ee的.人眼最瞎；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载if you will read th

10、e 这本书,我会把它借给你；2）表恳求,用于疑问句；will you close the window. it s a b请it 你co把ld窗.户关上好吗？有点冷；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载won t you drink some more coffee. 再来一点咖啡好吗？3）表示某种倾向或习惯性动作；fish will die out of water.鱼离开水就不能活；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载the door won t open这.门打不开；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载the boy will sit there hour

11、after hour looking at the traffic go by.那男孩常常坐在那里好几个钟点,看着车辆行人通过；6. should1）表义务；意为 “应当”（某件事宜于做）,用于各种人称； you should be polite to your teachers. 你对老师应当有礼貌；you shouldn t waste any time你. 不应当铺张时间； 2）表估量,意为 “想必肯定.照说应当.估量”等；the film should be very good as it is starring first-class actors.这部新电影为一流演员主演的,估量拍

12、得很好；they should be home by now.照说他们现在应当已经到家了；7.would 1）表意i said i would do anything for you.我说过我情愿为你做任何事；2）表委婉地提出恳求.建议或看法；would you like another glass of beer.再来杯啤酒好吗？would you mind cleaning the window.请把窗户擦一下好吗？精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载they wouldn t have anything against it 他.们不会有什么反对看法；精品学习资料精选学习资料

13、- - - 欢迎下载3）表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向；every time she was in trouble、 she would go to him for help.她每遇到麻烦都会向她求助；他告知我盒子打不开了；8. ought to精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载1）表义务,意为 “应当”（因责任.义务等该做） ,口气比 should 稍重；you are his father. you ought to take care of him. 你为他父亲,应当管他；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载you oughtn t to smoke so m

14、uch 你.不应当抽这么多烟；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2）表估量,暗含很大的可能,语气较弱；han mei ought to know his telephone number.韩梅该知道他的电话号码；there s a fine sunset; it ought to be a fine day tomorro今w.天有晚霞,明天应当为个好天；9. used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,现在不复发生或存在；疑问式和否定式有两种；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载he used to live in the countryside、 but now he l

15、ives in the city他. there used to be a building at the street corner、 bn.街道拐角处过去有座楼房,现在拆了；过去住在乡下,现在住在城里；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载i usedn t didn t use to s我mo过ke去. 不抽烟；used you did you use to go to school on foot.你过去常步行去学校吗？（一） need和 dare 的用法need 和 dare 既可用作情态动词,也可用作实义动词；用作情态动词时,主要用于否定句和疑问句；用作实义动词时,可用于各

16、种句式；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载1.用作情态动词-need i come.-yes、 you must.-我-需要来吗？-需要；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载you needn t telephone him now你.现在不必打电话给他；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载i don t think you need worry我.想你不必发愁；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载she dare not go out alone at nig

17、ht. 她晚上不敢一个人出去；how dare you say i m unfa你ir.竟敢说我不公正？not one of them dared mention this.他们谁也不敢提这件事；2.用作实义动词you don t need to do it yourself.你不必亲自做这件事；we need to tell them the news. 我们需要把这消息告知他们；the table needs painting to be painted. 桌子需要油漆一下；we should dare to give our own opinion.我们要敢于提出自己的观点；he did

18、 not dare to look up.他不敢抬头看；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载i dare day he ll come aga我in想.（i dare say为固定习语）他会再来的；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载（二）情态动词后跟完完成这项工作的；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载he isn t here. he must have missed the trai他n.仍未到,肯定为没赶上火车；where can could he gone. 他能到那里去了呢？you may might have read about it.你可能在报上

19、已经读到这件事了； you could might have been more careful.你原来可以更细心的； he needn t have worried it.他本不必为此事担忧；there was a lot of fun at yesterday's party. you ought to have come、 but why didn't you.昨天的聚会特别有意思；你本应当来,为何不来呢？2. 情态动词后跟进行式,表示“想必正在”, “可能正在”,“应当正在 ”等意；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载it s twelve o clock.

20、they must having lu现n在ch为.十二点；他们肯定正在吃饭；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载they may be discussing problem.他们可能正在论讨这个问题；he can t be telling the truth.他说的不行能为真话；she shouldn t be working like that. she s她st不ill 应so当w那ea样k.干,她身体仍那么虚；（三）几组词的辨异1. can 和 be able to1）情态动词 can 只有两种时态形式,现在式can 和过去式 could,而 be able to有多种时态形

21、式； mary can play the piano. she has been able to play it since she was 5.玛丽会弹钢琴；她五岁起就会弹了；2）用在过去时中, could 常常表示能够做某事, 事实上不肯定去做, 而 was were able 就to 表示 “过去做成了某事 ”；在否定句中两者可通用；he couldm across the english channel. but he didn't feel like it that day.他能游过英吉利海峡,但那天他不想游；yesterday i was able to get home

22、before the heavy rain. 昨天我在下大雨前赶到了家里；2. must 和 have tomust 表示主观意志,而have to 表示由于客观因素不得不做某事；must 没有过去式,除在间接引语中可用把一切预备就绪；3. would 和 used to1） used to表示过去与现在或过去某时与后来的情形有不同,而would 只表过去的情形；people used to think that the earth was flat.过去人们认为地球为平的； （现在人们不这么认为； ）she would go out for a walk in the morning whe

23、n she was in the country.在乡下时,她总为在早晨去散会儿步； （可能现在仍有漫步的习惯； ）2） used to可表示过去的习惯动作和常常的情形,而would 只表示过去的习惯动作；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载he used to would smoke while writin过g.去他写东西常常抽烟；she used to be fat. 她过去很胖；1. i you、 because imust be wrong.a. dare not askb. dare notc. dare not askingd. dare to not ask2. th

24、ere some flowers in the garden.a. were used to beb. used to bec. uses to bed. used to be having3. " i take it out.""i'm sorry、 you ."a. could .couldn'tb. might.might notc. could.cand. may.can't4. you were stupid to climb tree. you hurt yourself.a. maydidn't you .a

25、. should postb. should have postedc. must have postedd. ought to post.6. all the lights are on、 miths up.a. must getb. is gettingc. must be gettingd. would get7. he lead a but he not make it drink.a. will.canb. may.canc. may.daresd. dare.can8. "need we do this job now.""yes、 ."a.

26、 you needb. you shouldc. you mustd. you can9. to have lunch with us today.a. do you likesb. would you likec. will you likedd. have you liked10. he said that you watch tv all the evening if you wished.a. mayb. mustc. cand. might11. -is john coming by train.-he should、 but he not. he likes driving his car.a. mustb. canc. needd. may12. peter come with us tonight、 but he isn't very sure yet.a. mustb. canc. mayd. will13. michael be a policeman、 for he's much too short.a. needn'