Lecture-6-英国教育学习

1、2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational System1Lecture 6British Education System 2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational System22021/3/23Introduction to British Educational System ContentlWarm- up questionslOverview of British Educational SystemlText A (10 minutes)lText B and C( 15minutes)

2、lFeatures of British Educational SystemlFamous universities in the U.K.lhomework2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemBefore You ReadWarm-up questions lWhat courses are taught in British primary schools? _l why do many people like to study in British universities after their graduation

3、? _lDo you know any famous universities in the U.K.? If yes, can you list the names of them? _2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemIntroduction Purpose Not only provide children with literacy and the other basic skills but also socialize children.2021/3/23Introduction to British Educat

4、ional SystemIntroduction Purpose Not only provide children with literacy and the other basic skills but also socialize children.2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational System Five stages l1st : nursery school(3-4)l2nd :Primary school(5-11)l3rd :Secondary school (11-16) l5-16 years old (compulso

5、ry education) 义务教育 16-18 中学高级班(或大学预科)4th :18岁大学岁大学3-4(医科医科5) for BA/BScs;1-2 MA/MScs;PhD(3-5)5th : further education : 青年和成年人的职业教育青年和成年人的职业教育( 不含正规不含正规的大学的大学2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemGeneral classification of British Educational SystemlCompulsory educationlFurther educationl

6、Higher education 2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemText A Going to school :British Style 2021/3/2334Nursery School/幼儿园幼儿园Kindergarten5678910Year 1Year 2Year 3Year 4Year 5Year 6Primary Level5-10Keystage1111213Year 7(Form 1)Year 8(Form 2)Year 9(Form 3)Secondary Level11-16Key stage 2Ke

7、y stage 3 (pre-GCSE)1415Year 10(Form4)Year 11(Form 5)161718Year 12(Lower 6) Six form college Year 13(Upper 6) A Level (Advanced Level Exams ) 2 years 16-18中学高级中学高级班或大学预科班或大学预科不想上大学不想上大学 的的:national vocational qualification(NVQ) Key stage 4(GCSE)高级普通教育证书(GCE A level)考试或者国际中学文凭(IBInternational Baccala

8、ureat)完成中学教育1920212223Undergraduate (3-5 years)British Education System Overview2021/3/23Chinese & British Education SystemsYearChinaAgeBritainYear5Primary School11Elementary School622733844955106611High School77Junior Middle School1288139914GCSE CourseGCSE Examinations1010Senior Middle School15

9、111116A-Level CourseA-Level Examinations12121718132021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemThe UK School SystemlState Schools(美国公立public) : These are totally funded by the government and are free to all British children.(more than 90% )lIndependent (Private) Schools（独立,私立,寄宿） : These are f

10、unded by the fees charged to the parents. lAbout 8% of British children attend Independent SchoolslRegulations do not permit international students to attend State Schools they must attend Independent Schools2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemThe UK School SystemlSchooling is compuls

11、ory between the ages of 5 and 16 years : Total of 11 years.lThose wishing to gain entry to university must complete an additional two years of A Level studies(16-18).2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational System Text B and Text ClText B 5 minutes(exercises)lText C 5 minutes (exercises)2021/3/2

12、3Introduction to British Educational SystemCurriculum in Schooll All British schools - State & Independent are required to follow the National Curriculum guide-lines set down by the governmentlStandard Achievement Tests (SATs) are administered at 7, 11 and 14 years to assess each students progre

13、ss.lGenerally, Independent Schools provide a broader curriculum than that required by law Core subjects: English, Math, SciencelFoundation subjects: Design &Technology, Information and Communication Technology(ICT), History, Geography, Music, Art, Physical Education, A modern foreign language （u

14、sually French )2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemPrimary EducationlPre-schoolinglBefore primary schooling some children have an opportunity to attend the few kindergartens, which are called “Nursery Schools”.（3-4years old) 2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemPrimary S

15、chools小学教育小学教育l Two sectionsl State schoolsl Co-educated schools男女同校男女同校l Academic yearl Curriculum in school2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemState Schoolsl They are funded by local and central governments.2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemCo-educated Schoolsl Thes

16、e schools admit both boys and girls.Academic Yearl Begins in September, and is divided into three terms, with holidays at Christmas, Easter, and in the summer.2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemThe Academic YearThe Academic Year in British Schools and Colleges is divided into three t

17、erms:Term 1 :September to DecemberTerm 2 : January to MarchTerm 3 : April to JulyThere are short holidays at the mid-point of each term and longer holidays between terms2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemSecondary Education中学教育中学教育l The children begin secondary education at the age o

18、f 11. l Types of secondary schoolsl Examinations2021/3/23Eton CollegeEton Pupilswith the tutor2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemTypes of Secondary Schoolsl Comprehensive schools They were established before 1960. Such schools provide general education.l Grammar schools The oldest sc

19、hools in the U.K. Select the children who get high marks in the “ Eleven Plus” examination, or show academic potential. 2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemTypes of Secondary Schoolsl Independent and public Sschools Independent schools are also confusingly called public schools. Indep

20、endent schools are funded through the private sector, tuition fees and minimal government assistance. 2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemExaminations l GCSE : General Certificate of Secondary Education(中等教育普通证书）中等教育普通证书）16l GCEA: General Certificate of Education- Advanced（高等教育普通证书）（高

21、等教育普通证书）l GNVQ: General National Vocational Qualifications（国家职业资格普通证书）（国家职业资格普通证书）16 lA-Level (進階級課程):16-182021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemThe High School CurriculumAgeCurriculum11 14 YearsGeneral programme of education14 16 YearsGCSE Course : 8 /10 subjectsCompulsory & option

22、al subjects16 YearsGCSE Examination 16 18 YearsA-Level Course : 3/ 4 subjectsStudents choose the subjects they wish to study18 YearsA-Level Examination 2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemHigher Educationl British universities receive funds from the central government. The amount of f

23、unding each university receives is based on its size, the number of students it teaches, and the research it conducts.2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemHigher Educationl History and types of universityl Famous universities2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemHistory of

24、 Universityl 12th and 13th centuries: Oxford and Cambridgel 14th and 15th centuries: four Scottish universitiesl 19th and 20th centuries: other universitiesl After the Second World War: new universities2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational Systeml The only independent university: Buckingham U

25、niversityl British universities have relative academic and management freedom.2021/3/23Categories of British UniversitieslThe Old Universities: Oxbridge牛桥牛桥(牛津和剑桥牛津和剑桥) (features: 1. self-governing, 2. tutorial system, 3. more emphasis on arts and humanities)lThe Red-brick Universities: most were bu

26、ilt between 1850-1930. lThe New Universities: most were built from WWII to now, more emphasis on advanced studies in science and technology, functional buildings.lThe Open Universities: open to anyone with no age restriction and no formal academic qualifications required for entry2021/3/23Introducti

27、on to British Educational SystemDegrees Offered Bachelors degree Masters degree Doctors degree2021/3/23lFee-charging (on the average: 1200-3000) lDegreeslBA / BSc 3 years full-timelMA / MSc 1 year full-time / 2 years part-timelPhD at least 3 years original research2021/3/23Teaching Methods lThe UK e

28、ducational system encourages self-study, discussions & practical work. The students may have time-tabled classes or might be encouraged to do more of independent work.lMost of the courses would include the following teaching methods: 2021/3/23A. Lectures 讲座讲座lThe professors dominate the lectures

29、 which serve to guide the students. lThe size of the class is generally large, often up to 100 students. lNO prescribed textbooks but handouts.2021/3/23B. Seminars 讨论会讨论会lThe seminars provide the students with a platform for sharing their views on a given topic. lThe students are told in advance abo

30、ut a topic & are required to prepare a presentation on it. lThe point of attending seminars is thatthe discussions often help students understand a topic better in different perspectives & help students develop their communication skills. 2021/3/23C. TutorialslTutorials give students focused

31、 guidance on a particular topic once a week.lThe size of tutorials is quite small. (15-20)Every student has to speak in class.lThe students meet with the professors individually to discuss their concerns about the topic that they have undertaken & thus seek individual guidance. 2021/3/23D. Indep

32、endent WorklStudents are supposed to investigate a topic in detail & develop their own views about it. (off-campus research)lThis usually involves working individually or in a small group with other students to research a topic.lProduce written work or make presentation for a seminar. 2021/3/23E

33、. CourseworklThis may include essays, reports, projects, presentations or reflections. lCoursework is assessed & given grades.lQuestion: Is the written exam a must for course assessment? NOT necessarily! Take Marketing Management for example, coursework 65% (group presentation 20% + individual r

34、eflection 20% + business plan 25%) + written exam 35%2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemFamous UniversitieslThe University of Cambridge The second-oldest university in the English- speaking world. It was founded in 1209 . It is ranked among the worlds top 5 universities.大学校长大学校长为女王丈夫

35、菲历普为女王丈夫菲历普亲王亲王(他同时兼任牛津他同时兼任牛津大学校长大学校长),设一名常务副校长主持日常工作。设一名常务副校长主持日常工作。 2021/3/23CambridgeCambridge University was founded in 1209 by students fleeing from Oxford after one of the many episodes of violence between the university and the town of Oxford.2021/3/232021/3/23Famous StudentsFamous Studentsl

36、John MiltonJohn MiltonlCharles DarwinCharles DarwinlPrince CharlesPrince Charles82 Nobel Prize winners2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemFamous UniversitieslThe University of Oxford The oldest university in the English- speaking world Teaching existed at Oxford in 1096 and developed

37、rapidly from 1167. It has a history as impressive as its alumni 校友校友/毕业生毕业生.2021/3/23Oxford University2021/3/232021/3/23Famous StudentsFamous StudentslOscar WildeOscar WildelSamuel JohnsonSamuel JohnsonlBill ClintonBill ClintonlTony BlairTony BlairlMargaret ThatcherMargaret Thatcher29 Prime Minister

38、s2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemTwo characteristics of oxford and Cambridgel College systeml Tutorial system2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemThe University of London it was founded in 1836 it is a federation of colleges2021/3/23Introduction to British Educationa

39、l SystemOpen University U.KS largest university for part-time higher education It was founded in 1969 and began its first course in 1970. It is open to everybody. courses are taught through TV, radio, videos and a network of study centers2021/3/23Top 10 Universities &Colleges1 Harvard University

40、2 Yale University3 University of Cambridge 4 University of Oxford 5 California Institute of Technology (Caltech) 6 Imperial College London 7 University College London 8 University of Chicago 9 MIT10 Columbia University 1 University of Cambridge2 University of Oxford3 Imperial College4 St. Andrews 5

41、University College London 6 University of Warwick 7 University of Edinburgh8 University of Nottingham 9 University of York10 University of BirminghamIn the WorldIn UK2021/3/23British Universities in the Worlds Top 1003 University of Cambridge 4 University of Oxford6 Imperial College London 7 Univers

42、ity College London22 Kings College London 23 University of Edinburgh29 University of Manchester 32 University of Bristol 66 London School of Economics and Political Science69 University of Warwick 73 University of Glasgow 75 University of Birmingham 76 University of Sheffield 81 University of York 8

43、3 University of St Andrews 86 University of Nottingham 99 University of Southampton 2021/3/23Chinese Universities in the Worlds Top 10050 Peking University 56 Tsinghua University 2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemFeatures of British Educational systemlLong history 历史悠久历史悠久lPerfect r

44、ules ,laws &regulations法律完善法律完善lPerfect management system完美管理完美管理lEfficient ,excellent 优良有效优良有效lScientific科学科学lIn good order有序有序lSufficient funds资金充足资金充足lOpen education system 公开办学公开办学lCompatibility of Interchange相容立交相容立交2021/3/23Advantages of the British Educational SystemlHigh qualitylFormal l

45、anguage-widely used lWell-knownlShortlBest environmentlParents accompanying studentslFree medical servicelOver 6months )part-time jobs(20 hours)lIn holiday full time ltransport , convenient, lWelfare system 2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational System Homework for Next week prepare for Unit 5

46、 British Ways and manners features of British educational system What are the differences between the Chinas Educational System and the British one ?2021/3/2310月末前完成作业月末前完成作业 : lClass 3, 4, 5,lClass1,2, 62021/3/23Introduction to British Educational System2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational

47、System2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational SystemPart One Part Two British Media & Holidays2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational System An Introduction to British and American CultureBefore You ReadWarm-upWhich English newspapers do you know?l_lHow do the British spend their holid

48、ays? l_2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational System An Introduction to British and American CultureLearning FocuslBritish NewspaperslBBClChristmaslEaster lNew Years Day 2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational System An Introduction to British and American CultureMass MedialWhich of the f

49、ollowing is the worlds oldest national newspaper? (a) The Times(b) The Observer(c) The Guardian(d) The Financial Times2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational System An Introduction to British and American CultureMass MedialNewspapers The TimesThe Guardian The Daily Telegraph The Observer 2021/3/23Introduction to British Educational System An Introduction to British and American CultureMass M