英语定语从句用法总结

1、英语定语从句用法总结定语从句，一 个简单句跟在一名词或代词后关系代词的用法：1. 作主语用 who, which 和 that, 如：He is the man who/that lives next door.The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen.2. 作宾语用 whom, who, which, that, 如：The man we have just seen is a famous writer.Where is the book I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词 who wh

2、om, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用 whom, 不可省略; 用 于指 物的 关系 代词 which 和 that 在非 正 式文 体 中 也通 常 省 略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。3. 作 定 语 用 whose, 如 ：It was a meeting whose importance I did not realizeat that time.注：“ whose +名 词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作 主语He' s written a book the name of which I' ve completely forgotten.4. 作表语只

3、用 that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常 省略。如：He is no longer the man that he used to be.This is no longer the dirty place we met yesterday.3. why 指原因或 理由，它的先行词只有 reason 。如：That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.注：Why时常也可以省略。如：That is the real reason he did it.+ Which;Where = in he arrived.The office Where he

4、 Works is on the third floor.This is the chief reason Why We did it.2. 当先行词是表时间的 time, day 等和表地点的 place, house 等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或 宾语时，关系词应该用 Which 或 that, 缺少时间状语或地点 状语时，才能用When或Where ,试比较：I' ll never forgettheday When myhometoWnWasliberated.I' ll never forgetthedays Which/thatWespenttog

5、ether last summer.His father Works ina factoryWhere radioparts aremade.His father Works in a factory Which/that makes radioparts.3. When 和 Where 既可以引导限制性定语从句， 也可以引导非限制性定语从句。 而 Why 只能引导限制性定语从句三. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1. 限 制性 定语 从句 说 明 先行词 的 情况 ，对 先行 词 起 限定 作 用， 与先行词关系十分密切，不可用逗号隔开，也 不可省略，否 则全句意义就不完整。如：This

6、is the telegram which he refers to.Is there anythingHis brother who is a PLA man is eighteen years old. as引导 的从 句可 以放 在 主 句之前 ，而 which 引导 的从 句只 能 放 在主句之后。They are hollow, which makes them very light.As is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China.如果 定语 从句 的内 容 对 主句的 内 容起 消 极 作用 ，则 用 which ，而不用as ,如：Sh

7、e stole her friend ' s money, which was disgraceful.He tore up my photo, which upset me.5. 在正式文体中， 以 the way 为先行词的限制性定语从句通常 以 in which 或 that 引 导 ， 如 ：The way in which you answered the questions was admirable.但在非正式文体中， 人们通常省略 in which 或 that :The way he spoke to us was suspicious.I don ' t l

8、ike the way指人 ， which 指 物， 它 们都不 能 用that 代 替 。2. 关系代词作介 词宾语 ，不论是在 限制性 定语 从句中 ，还 是在非限制性定语从句中，当介词前置时，只能用 whom 指 人 ， which 指 物 ; 但 如 果 介 词 后 置 ，则 不 受 这 种 限 制 ，关 系 代 词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。如：Do you know the boy to whom she was talking?Do you know the boy he was writing with suddenly broke.3. 在限制性定语从句中， 当先 行词指物时

9、，关系词 可用 which 或 that ，二者常可以互换; 但在下列情况中，只能用 that ， 不 用 which ：当 先 行 词 被 all, any no, much, little, few, every等限定词所修饰时。如：We heard clearly every word that he said.当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级所修饰，以及 先行词被序数词和形容词最高级同时修饰时，如：Is that the best that you can do?That ' s the most expensive hotel that we' ve ever

10、stayed in.This novel is the second best one that I have ever read. 当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词词组时。如：and theirThe guests spoke highly of the children performances that they saw at the Children ' s Palace. She described in her compositions the people and places that impressed her most.或 that ，二者常 可互换。但在 下列

11、情况 中， 用 who当先行词有较长的后置定语修饰时。如：Do you know the writer in blue with thick glasses whois speaking at the meeting?。如：A new master will came tomorrow who will teach you German.There' s only one student in the school who that I livein.Shall we meet at the same place that we last met?= Shall we meet at

12、the same place that / as we last metat?7.当先行词前有such, so, as 时，关系词应当用as。女口：A wise man seldom talks about such things as he doesn' t understand.He spoke in such easy English as everybody could understand.At this time of the day, all buses and trolleys have to carry as many passengers as they can.I

13、t is so easy a book as every schoolboy can read. Let ' s discuss such things as we can talk of freely. 五. 练 习 题1. Don ' t talk aboutsuch things of younot sure.A. whichB. whatC. asD. those2. Is this the factory you visitedday?A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. the one3. Is this factory some foreign

14、visited last Friday?A. thatB. wherearethe otherfriendsC. whichD. the one4. Is this the factory he worked ten yearsago?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one5. The wolves hid themselves in the places couldn ' t be found.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. in that6. The freezing point is the temperature water

15、 changes into ice.A. at whichB. on thatC. in whichD. of what7. This book will show you can be used inother contexts.A. how you have observedB. what you have observedC. that you have observedD. how that you have observed8. The reason is he is unable to operate themachine.A. becauseB. whyC. thatD. whe

16、ther9. I ' ll tell you he told me last week.A. all whichB. thatC. all thatD. which10. That tree, branches are almost bare, isvery old.A. whoseB. of whichC. in whichD. on whichshe is11. I have bought the same dress wearing.A. asB. thatC. whichD. what12. He failed in the examination, made hisfather very angry.A. whichB. itC. thatD. whatpianistnext room13. We' re talking about the piano and the were in the concert we atte