模块五五第二单元知识点

1、海豚教育个性化教案（内页）M5 Unit 2The environment.单词默写1debate n& vi. 辩论；争论；讨论2recycle vt.& vi. 回收利用3pump vt.& vi. 用泵(或泵样器官等)输送；涌出，涌流n泵；抽水机；打气筒4customs n海关；关税5conflict vi. 冲突；抵触 n冲突；矛盾6administration n管理；管理部门；施行；(美国)政府7illegal adj.违法的，非法的8electrical adj.电的；用电的9particular adj.专指的，特指的；特别的；讲究的；挑剔的10abso

2、rb vt.吸收；理解；使全神贯注11belief na strong feeling that sth is true12operate vto manage and run a business13decrease vt.& vi.to become or make sth become smaller in size，number，etc.14measure nan official action that is done in order to achieve a particular aim15appreciate vt.to be grateful for sth that

3、 sb has done.词汇拓展1production n生产product n产品productive adj.能产的；多产的produce v生产producer n生产者；制作者；制片人2responsibility n责任，职责responsible adj.负责的irresponsible adj.不负责任的3environmentalist n环境保护论者；环境论者environmental adj.环境的；与环境有关的environment n环境environmentally adv.环境上；与环境有关地4conservation n保护；保存conserve vt.保护(自

4、然资源等)5technical adj.技术的technique n技术technician n技术人员，技师语境助记词不离句，句不离段We all appreciate the measure for a forest reserve, where particularly illegal cutting is prohibited. As far as I'm concerned, we should take the responsibility and conserve our environment.短语落实1open the floor 自由发言2be concerned

5、about 关心；挂念3allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事4run out (of) 用完；耗尽5change back into 恢复原状；还原；复原6do_research_into/on 调查；研究7draw_a_conclusion 得出结论8get_into_trouble 陷入麻烦9do_one's_part 尽自己的职责10in_this_case 在这种情况下.句子翻译 1When people think of factories，they think of clouds of dirty smoke or pipes pouring chemica

6、l waste into river.(Page 23)一想到工厂，人们就会想到污浊的滚滚浓烟或向河流倾泻化学废物的管道。2People often have this belief that development is bad for the environment，but this does not have to be true.(Page 23)人们常常认为经济发展对环境有害，但这不一定是正确的。3Asking around，I find many people willing to pay a little higher prices for things that are fri

7、endly to the environment.(Page 23)我问过周围的人，发现许多人都愿意支付稍高一些的价钱来购买环保产品。4之后我们将展开自由讨论。 (Page 22)Then_we_will_open_the_floor_for_discussion.5我今天首先要对你们谈的是化学废物如何破坏世界上的大片区域。(Page 22)First_I_am_talking_to_you_today_about_the_way_vast_areas_of_the_world_are_damaged_by_chemical_waste.教材设题句型转换(每空不超过3个单词) 1While w

8、e damage our environment，we keep producing more and more people who need more land to live on and more food to eat！(教材P22)Damaging_our_environment/While_damaging_environment，we keep producing more and more people who need more land to live on and more food to eat!2However，I do agree that we should p

9、roduce more things from materials that have been recycled，and less from raw materials，the supply of which is growing smaller and smaller.(教材P23)However，I do agree that we should produce more things from recycled_materials，and less from raw materials，the supply of which is growing smaller and smaller

10、.3Those factories which pollute the environment should have to pay higher taxes.(教材P23)Those factories polluting_the_environment should have to pay higher taxes.4This is not good news for the people who rely on the Yangtze River for water.(教材P38)This is not good news for the people who are_given/off

11、ered_water by the Yangtze River.5We still have a long way to go to solve all the problems in regard to the Yangtze River.(教材P38)We must take_many_measures_(steps)/do_many_things to solve all the problems in regard to the Yangtze River. debate vi.& n辩论，争辩，争论【课本原句】 Today's debate question is “

12、The economy or the environmentmust we choose？”(P22)今天辩论的话题是“要经济还是环境我们必须得做出选择吗？”debate on/about.就辩论debate with sb about sth 和某人就某事讨论debate whether to do sth/debate whether从句 考虑，讨论是否have a debate 进行讨论open/close a debate 开始/终止辩论under debate 在讨论中辨析 debate/quarrel/argue/disscuss(1)quarrel是指因为对某事不喜欢或强烈不满而

13、发生的“争吵”或“吵架”，常用结构为：quarrel with sb ；quarrel about sth 。(2)argue是指一方着重就自己的看法或观点提出论证，并就此同对方“争论”或“争辩”，常用结构为：argue with sb about /over sth。(3)debate多指在公开，正式场合各自陈述理由，内含“交锋”的意思。(4)discuss指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而进行的讨论，磋商。看看高考怎么考Recently a survey comparing prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has

14、caused_heated_debate(引起热烈的讨论)among citizens.(2011·江苏卷·单项填空31)The minister said，“We are ready for discussions with any legal parties，but we'll never _ with criminals.”(2011·湖北卷·单项填空27)Anegotiate Bquarrel Cargue Dconsult介词填空As yet there has been little public debate on these is

15、sues.The whole question of compensation is still under debate.figure n数字【课本原句】 The figure is now approaching 6.5 billion people！(P22)这个数字现在接近65亿！figure that.认为figure sth out 想出；理解；计算出figure sb out 弄明白；看透；理解figure out how/what. 想出看看高考怎么考However this time around I managed to reach the stop sign with e

16、ase and I figured(认为)I would go a little further.(2011·湖南卷·阅读表达)Because leaders are public figures(人物)，their apologies are likely to be personally uncomfortable and even professionally risky.(2011·江苏卷·任务型阅读)翻译句子我认为他喝醉了，不应该让他开车。I_figured_that_he_was_drunk_and_shouldn't_be_allo

17、wed_to_drive.她推断他会在星期二离开。She_figure_out_that_he_was_leaving_on_Tuseday. shame n羞愧；惭愧；可耻的事；惋惜的事【课本原句】 It would be a shame if they were destroyed because of people's activities there.(P29)如果它们被人类在公园的活动所毁灭，该是一件多么令人惋惜的事啊。It's a shame that.真遗憾what a shame! 真可惜！bring shame on sb 使某人蒙羞to one's

18、shame 使某人感到惭愧的是in shame 惭愧地be ashamed of. 感到羞愧；以为耻看看高考怎么考That's a_shame(一种耻辱)，because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.(2011·重庆卷·阅读理解E)翻译句子真遗憾，你们这么快就走了。It's_a_shame_that_you_have_to_leave_so_soon.他的妻子使他羞愧得只好把钱交回去。His_wife_shame

19、d_him_into_handing_the_money_back. effort n努力【课本原句】 We believe that the efforts of the Chinese government and the Chinese people to protest this muchloved river will be appreciated for years to come by future generation.(P38)我们相信，中国政府和人民为保护这条他们所挚爱的河流而做出的努力将在未来数年内得到后人的肯定和赞赏。make an effort to do sth 努

20、力做某事spare no effort 不遗余力make every effort (to do) 尽一切努力(做)with an effort 费力地，使劲儿地without effort 毫不费劲地看看高考怎么考Deals will be struck to reduce_the_immediate_effects(降低即时影响)(2011· 北京卷 · 阅读理解D)He spared_no_effort (不遗余力) to save the patient.Every effort _to deal with the issues you raised at the

21、meeting.(2012·湖南石门一中高三摸底考试)Ais making Bwas doingCis being made Dis given appreciate vt.赏识，欣赏；感激【课本原句】 We believe that the efforts of the Chinese government and the Chinese people to protest this muchloved river will be appreciated for years to come by future generation.(P38)我们相信，中国政府和人民为保护这条他们所

22、挚爱的河流而做出的努力将在未来数年内得到后人的肯定和赞赏。appreciate sth 欣赏/赏识/感激某事物appreciate doing sth 感激做某事appreciate one/one's doing sth 感激某人做某事I would appreciate it if. 如果我将不胜感激appreciation n. 赏识，欣赏；感激看看高考怎么考It's hard for people to appreciate(欣赏)Blues.(2011·福建卷·阅读理解B)She took me to the theatrenot just chi

23、ldren's theatre but adult comedies and dramasand her faith that I could appreciate(赏识) adult plays was not disappointed.(2011·上海卷·阅读理解A)I don't appreciate_being_treated(愿被当作) as a secondclass citizen.I would appreciate _ very much if you load the files for me.(2012·邵东创新实验学校10月

24、份月考)Ait Byou Cthat Done cut back on 减少；消减【课本原句】 My suggestion is that we should try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.(P22)我的建议是我们应该尽量削减生产，减少制造和购买的物品的数量。【联想拓展】cut across抄近路通过 cut away 切除；剪掉；割断cut in 插嘴；让(某人)分享利润cut off 中断，停掉；割断，剪掉；阻碍，堵塞cut down 消减；砍倒；杀死(某人)cut

25、 up 切碎；使伤心看看高考怎么考For example，many companies now have to invest (投资) a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the “phone rage” caused by delays in answering calls，being_cut_off(被中断)in midconversation or left waiting for long periods.(2011· 浙江卷 · 阅读理解

26、C)The city cut_down(削减)on the work force that kept the park，and pretty soon it just got too ugly and dirty to enjoy anymore.(2010· 浙江卷 · 阅读理解D)They have cut_back_on(削减) steel production in recent months.The company where I work is not as good as before，so the manager has decided to fire so

27、me employees to _ the expenses of his company.(2012·长沙同升湖实验学校高三期中考试)Acut off Bcut awayCcut up Dcut down run out (of)用完，耗尽 【课本原句】 What if they run out？(P25)倘若我们用完了空间，该怎么办呢？【联想拓展】run across run into偶然发现；偶然碰到run after 追赶，追求run for 竞选run over 轧过；碾过run away 逃离辨析 run out/run out of/use up (1)run out

28、意为“用完了”，为不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词。(2)run out of ( use up)意为“用完”，为及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语一般为人。(3)use up 意为“用光，用完”。为及物动词短语，表示主动，主语一般为人。看看高考怎么考The underground water in Saudi Arabia might ran_out(用光) in 50 years.(2010· 安徽卷 · 阅读理解E73)These two candidates then run_for(竞选) president in the general elec

29、tion.Along the way，I realized that I had _ resumes(简历)(2011· 安徽卷 · 完形填空) Amade use of Btaken care of Crun out of Dbecome tired ofMy money _I must go to the bank to draw some of savings out before I've none in hand.(2012·江西临川一中11月份月考)Ahas run out Bis running outChas been run out Di

30、s being run out under way 在进行中；在前进中【课本原句】 Tow special government projects are also under way.(P38)两项特别的政府项目也正在进行中。【联想拓展】under consideration在考虑中under construction 在建设中under contact 在联系中under discussion 在讨论中under examination 在审查中under investigation 在调查中under repair 在修理中under trial 在受审中under control 在控

31、制之中看看高考怎么考Most of the meals can serve two people and are under_$10(十美元以下)，so not only is it affordable but practical as well.(2011·湖南卷·阅读理解A)It is still under_discussion(在讨论中)whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.(2011·重庆卷·单项填空22)_ special gove

32、rnment project is under _ way to protect the river.(2012·江苏省海门市高三考试)A/；/ BThe；a CA；/ DA.theThe new building is _I hope we'll move into it by the end of this year.(2012·长沙市一中月考)Aunder being constructionBin construction Con constructionDunder construction lead to 导致；造成；通向【课本原句】 The popul

33、ation of the river has resulted in unsafe drinking water has led to health problems for people living near the river.(P38)河水污染的后果是导致饮用水的不安全，这给生活在长江附近的居民带来各种健康问题。【联想拓展】lead sb to do sthcause sb to do sth 导致某人做某事lead sb ton. 引导某人lead a simple/hard life 过着俭朴/艰苦的生活in the lead 领先take the lead 带头，领先lead t

34、o中to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，不接动词原形。满分作文之佳句aUsing the mouse for a long time may lead to painful wrists and fingers.bAround 540 million people are affected by secondhand smoke, which causes 100，000 deaths per year.cUsually negative attitudes bring about a bad mood.dThis results in its not being prepared.看看

35、高考怎么考What size of an organization may lead_to(导致) communication failures？(2011·上海卷·阅读理解D)Muscle(肌肉)problems that can lead_to(导致)kidney(肾脏)problems，including kidney failure.(2010·湖南卷·阅读理解A)Look over there there's a very long，winding path _ up to the house.(2011·山东卷·语

36、法和词汇知识27)Aleading Bleads Cled Dto leadWe firmly believe that war never settles anything.It only _ violence.(2007·浙江卷·单项填空11)Aruns into Bcomes fromCleads to Dbegins with rely on 依靠，依赖【课本原句】 This is not good news for the people who live in all the towns and cities along the Yangtze River and

37、 who rely on it for water.(P38)这对于居住在长江两岸和饮用水需要依赖长江的所有城镇居民来说并不是好消息。rely on sb /sth 依靠某人/某物rely on sb to do sth 依靠/指望某人做某事rely on it that. 相信/信赖rely on one's own efforts/strength 依靠自己努力/力量看看高考怎么考It was dark and raining heavily，Ceely was relying_on(依靠) her GPS，but it made no mention of the crossin

38、g.(2011· 浙江卷 · 阅读理解A)Ask to work with a different person，or don't rely_on(指望) the person.(2011·广东卷·阅读理解B)He can't_be_relied_on (不能指望)to tell the truth.I think I can come.But don't _(2012·长沙地质中学月考)Adepend on Brely on it Cwant it Dmake it my suggestion is that. 是一个

39、常用来提出建议的句子，意为“我的建议是”。【课本原句】 My suggestion is that we should try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.(P23)我的建议是，我们应当尽量削减生产，减少制造和购买物品的数量。和动词suggest一样，suggestion后面that从句里需用“(should)动词原形”。advice，recommendation，order，request，demand等名词后接表语从句、同位语从句时，从句也常用虚拟语气。看看高考怎么考Si

40、nce Powderhall is supposed to close in 2015，it seemed necessary for the members of the Edinburgh Council to accept_the_suggestion(接受这条建议)(2011· 湖北卷 · 阅读理解C)This is our only request that this_problem_be_settled_as_soon_as_possible(尽快解决这个问题)My suggestion is that you _ much meat.(2011·湖南

41、邵东一中10月月考)Awouldn't take Bshall not takeCnot have Dwon't have 倍数what it was.【课本原句】 The world's population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800.(P22)目前的世界人口与1800年相比已经增长到那时的六倍多。“倍数what从句”结构的意思是“是的倍”。英语中表达倍数的结构有：(1)倍数比较级than(2)倍数asadj./ adv as(3)倍数the size (length，width，heig

42、ht，depth，etc)(4)倍数what从句看看高考怎么考In general，among women and men who are using either an antianxiety drug or a sedative，women are twice_as(两倍多)likely to become addicted.(2010· 上海卷 · Reading Comprehension Section C)Peter's jacket looked just the same as Jack's，but it cost _ his.(2009&#

43、183;江苏卷·单项填空27)Aas much twice as Btwice as much asCmuch as twice as Das twice much asMy uncle's house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours，but it is twice _ expensive.(2009·四川卷·语法和词汇知识19)Aas BsoCtoo DveryIt is reported that the United States uses _ energy as the whole of

44、 Europe.(2012·长沙周南中学月考)Aas twice Btwice muchCtwice much as Dtwice as much.短语填空wipe out，rise to，in addition，cut back on，take.step，set up，stock up with，under way，the number of，a success1The man worked him 16 hours a day and beat him in_addition2You must take_ every step to keep down expense (费用)，

45、as we have got limited money.3Father is_stocking_up_with wine and brandy for the New Year party these days.4The workers are going all out to make the output rise_to three times what it was 5 years ago.5All the preparations are well under_way6The army factory has_been_wiped_out by our bombs so far.7S

46、tudents in our school gave their clothes to the poor children in that area，and the_number_of the poor kids there was about 900.8The school has_set_up a special class to help poor readers recently.9Professor Zhou donates 20，000 yuan to the school every year and he is regarded as a_success10As these n

47、ew products are not selling well，the members of the board have decided to_cut_down_on production.同义转换1As an economist，I'm often seen as being against the environment.As I am working as an economist，people always regard me as the one who is against the environment.2If you have any questions or co

48、mments，you can use this time to voice them.If you have any questions or comments，you can raise/voice them by using the time left.3My suggestion is that we should try to cut back on production and reduced the amount of things we make and buy.I suggest that we (should)try to cut back on production and

49、 reduce the amount of things we make and buy.4The world's population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800.The world's population now is six times as much as what it was in 1800.5Asking around，I find many people willing to pay slightly higher prices for things that are environ

50、mentally friendly.When asked，many people are willing to pay slightly higher prices for things that are environmentally friendly.句子翻译1显然，你很关注长江的环境问题。(obvious；be concerned about)It_is_obvious_that_you_are_very_concerned_about_the_environmental_problems_of_the_Yangtze_River.2我的建议是环境保护者和经济学家并肩工作，创造一个环境卫

51、生、经济稳定的社会。(side by side)My_suggestion_is_that_environmentalists_and_economists_(should)_work_side_by_side_to_create_a_society_with_a_healthy_environment_and_stable_economy.3政府应该制定法律禁止未经处理的生活垃圾和工业垃圾倒入长江。(prohibit. from.；be deposited into)Our_government_should_make_laws_to_prohibit_untreated_human_and

52、_industrial_waste_from_being_deposited_into_the_Yangtze_River.4难道你不认为我们所提出的是解决问题的最佳可行方案吗？(raise；the best possible solution to)Don't_you_think_what_we_have_raised_is_the_best_possible_solution_to_the_problem?5我个人认为全球气温转暖会对地球造成意想不到的后果。(personally；have an effect on)Personally，I_believe_that_global_warming_will_have_an_unexpected_effect_on_the_earth.个性化作业1Don't you think it _ for us to stop eating fish for fear of being choked by fish bones.Adelicious Bpoisonous Cridiculous Dhumorous2The fishermen keep fishing in large quantities and they have almost _ all