2022年新版沪教牛津版广州深圳英语八年级上Unit4精编教案与练习

1、学习必备欢迎下载unit4 inventions 一.要点短语 : 1.instead of取代,替代2.light bulb 电灯泡3.help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事4.live a better life 过更好的生活5.in the early 19th century 6.in history 在历史上7.at the start of在初期8.since then从那以后9.each other彼此10.millons of 数百万的11.mobile phone手机12.allow sb to do sth允许某人做某人13.keep in touch wit

2、h与保持联系14.in the day time在白天15.imagine doing sth想象做某事16.make noise制造噪音17.keep off 使远离18.in front of 在的前面19.at the same time同时20.throw away 扔掉21.turn into 变成22.right now 现在23.all the time 一直24.make a mess 弄得一团糟25.lead to导致，引起26.with the help with 在的帮二、单词用法必记单词：funny create telephone comfortable centur

3、y invent since anytime develop special wing introduction 必记词组：instead of light bulb in history at the start of since then each other millions of in front of keep in touch with in the daytime make noises keep.off at the same time throw away in a shorter time turn into all the time make a mess in the

4、future right now make a mess lead to with the help of mobile phone 用法集萃：1.help sb do sth. 2.begin to do sth. 3.allow sb. to do sth. 4.as many+可数名词复数 +as +one can 5.imagine doing sth. 6.feel+adj. 7.so many+复数名词8.keep sb./sth.+ 形容词9.a+连系动词 be+形容词比较级 +than+b 10. (not) as+形容词 /副词原级 +as. 11. the+姓氏复数12.

5、make sb.+do sth. 知识点概要1. listen to advertisements for four funny inventions.(p49) 1). advertisement 广告 ad 缩写miss white recently placed an in the local newspaper. 怀特小姐最近在当地报纸上刊登了一则广告。2). funny 可笑的；滑稽的adj 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载youre an extrem

6、ely funny man. 你是一个非常滑稽的人。*区分 fun 与 funny fun 与 funny 都可以作形容词，但fun 还可以作名词。例如：玩的开心 _ _ _ _ 或者_ _ fun 有趣的；令人愉快的。近义词： interesting。jane is . 简是一个很有意思的人。funny 滑稽的 . 古怪的。jane is . 简是一个很滑稽的人。3). invent 发明 v 发明家 n ： 发明 n ：辨析： invent 与 discover invent发明客观上没有，发明以前未曾有过的东西；如发明新的使用工具. 方法。discover发现发现客观已经存在，但不为人知

7、的东西或者事物。爱迪生发明了电灯。edison _ the electric light bulb. 我在树下发现了一块很漂亮的石头。i _ a beautiful stone under the tree. 2. write a short article about a new invention that you will create.(p49) create 创作；创造v 拓展： creation 创造物 ，作品 n creator 创造者 n creative 有创造力的 adj creativity 创造力 n 试翻译：这个创造者创作了这个作品，他很有创造力。the _ _ th

8、e _ ,he is _. 【辨析】create 和 make create创造，创作创造出原来并不存在的东西make创造，制作通过工作制造出某种东西例如：（1）.谁创造了世界？ who _ the world? （2）.他制造了这块手表。 he _the watch. 3. telephone 电话 n 给打电话 v 其缩写形式是 _, 移动电话，手机是 _. 给某人打电话的表达：telephone /phone sb call sb (up) give sb a call make a telephone call to sb i felt so bad that i my friend

9、./ 我心里实在难受，于是打电话给欧文。i _ my father _ _ yesterday. 昨天我给爸爸打电话了。i _ _ _ _ to lucy last night. 昨晚我给 lucy 打了个电话。4. after its invention, traveling became faster and mor comfortable(p51) 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载comfortable 舒适的 adj，其比较级是 _ _. comforta

10、bly 舒适地 adv uncomfortable 使人不舒服的adj a home should be_ and friendly. 家应该让人感觉到舒适 . 亲切的。5. in the early 19th century.(p51) century 世纪 n in the early 19th century = at the start of the 19th century. 在 19 世纪初in the late 19th century = at the end of the 19th century. 在 19世纪末he was the most famous writer i

11、n 19th_. 他是 19 世纪最著名的作家。6. practical 有用的 adj our clothes are lightweight, fashionable and_for holidays. 我们的服装轻便 . 时尚，并且很适合度假穿。拓展： practice 练习 n practise 练习 v 现在我们正在做一些练习。now we are doing some _. 7. since then, people have been able to speak to each other over long distances.(p51) distance 距离 n it s

12、no_. = its no far. 路不远。拓展：at a distance隔一段距离，距离稍微远一些in the distance 在远处from the distance 从远处这只小猫从远处回来了。the cat came back _ _ _. 8. lamp 灯 n candle 蜡烛 n bright 明亮的 adj turn off 关灯 turn on 开灯请打开灯。 please _ _ the _. 9. thomas edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879.(p51) develop v 开发. 研

13、发 （与 invent 发明不同，是在原有基础上进一步提高. 改进）we need to _ solar energy.我们需要开发太阳能。拓展：development 发展 n developed 发达的 adj developing 发展中的adj 发达国家： a_ country 发展中国家： a_ country 10. help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事 , help 后跟省略 to 的不定式，类似的用法还有，使某人做某事make sb do sth i _ him _ his wallet. 我帮助他找到了钱包。the boss _ the workers _ more

14、than 10 hours every day. 这个老板让工人每天工作超过10 小时。11. they allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.(p51) 它们容许人们在任何时候，在任何地点彼此保持联系。1)allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事allow doing 是某人允许做某事we dont allow in our house. 在我们家里不容许吸烟。精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 12 页 - - - - -

15、 - - - -学习必备欢迎下载they _ their children _ go to the park. 他们允许孩子们去公园。2)keep in touch (with) sb=stay in touch with do you still_ in _ _your parents regularly after you leave them? 你离开父母以后还经常与他们保持联系吗？12. with sunlight, air and water, we can be alive on earth. 有了阳光 . 空气和水，我们才能在地球上生存。with 有 without 没有没有水，

16、我们无法存活。we can t live _ _.13. the new cars made loud noises and frightened them.这些新汽车发出很大的噪音，让他们感到害怕。make noises意思是：发出噪音，弄出生音；也可以用make a noise 例如：不要弄出声音，你爸爸正在睡觉。dont _ _ , your father is sleeping . 辨析： noise ，voice， sound noise指吵闹. 喧哗声，往往是不和谐，不悦耳的声音voice多指人和动物特有的声音sound指人所能听到的自然界中的一切声音请不要在课堂上制造噪音。ple

17、ase don t _ _ in class.她经常小声说话。 she often talks in a low _. 在空气中光比声音传播的速度快。light travels faster than _in the air. 14. live a/an life过着 的生活过更美好的生活 _ 15. speak to sb 同人说话speak to each other 互相通话别和陌生人说话 _ 16. across the world 全世界 近义词： all over the world ; throughout the world 17. imagine doing 想象做i can

18、 t imagine_ (walk) all the way to the north pole. 我无法想象如何一路走到北极去。18. in a short time 在短时间内19. i suppose that people could only.(p52) suppose vt. 假定；猜想，推测；认为；让（用于祈祷语气）如：supposing hes right and i do die tomorrow? maybe i should take out an extra insurance policy. 假设他是对的，我确实明天就会死，那该怎么办？也许我应该再买一份保险。20.

19、keep the dust off your shoes.(p54) keep off (使)不接近 ; 挡住keep the children off. its dangerous here!别让孩子们靠近 , 这儿危险 ! 拓展： keep的用法1)(长期或永久 )持有,保有i kept it all the time to remind me of you.我一直保存着它 ,以此唤起我对你的记忆。精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载2).(一时)拥有;保管ple

20、ase keep the watch for me while i go swimming. 我去游泳 ,请代我保管这表。3).存放,保留,保存we keep food in a refrigerator. 我们把食物存放在冰箱里。4).使.保持在 (某一状态 )oo4o7o8o9 those toys kept the children amused. 那些玩具使孩子们玩得很开心。she kept the child quiet. 她让孩子别作声。5).整理,料理mother keeps the house. 母亲料理家务。6).履行;遵守;保守everyone must keep the

21、law. 每个人都必须守法。7).阻止,妨碍;控制住 (+from) robbie couldnt keep the child from yelling.罗比没法使孩子不大叫大嚷。8).记(日记. 帐等) mary keeps a diary. 玛丽天天记日记。9).抚养;饲养he needs more money to keep his wife and children. 他需要更多的钱来抚养妻子儿女。21. can look behind and in front of you at the same time.(p54) at the same time 同时；然而 .如：i saw

22、 two boys rising to their feet at the same time. 我看见两个男孩同时站起来。22. the blacks throw away as many cans as the browns.(p57) 23. .we make our voice rise at the end.(p58 ）24. what do you use it for?(p59) 目的what .for = why 为什么 (这是固定搭配，要记住）例：why do you want it? = what do you want it for? 你为什么要它？25. what is

23、 special about it?(p60) 26. if you shout “ fly” , the car will turn into a plane in 30 seconds.(p60) 27. however, he had to refill it all the time.(p61) always 28. .it sometimes made a mess on the paper.(p61) 29. .zhuge liang used such lanterns to give signals in battles.(p62) 名前 such，形副 so，多多少少也用so

24、。little 属特殊， “小”用 such， “少”用 so。30. the kongming lantern led to the invention of the hot-air balloon.(p62) lead to 导致，引起，通向。lead a.life 过.生活。lead sb to do sth. 带领某人做某事。二.要点解释 : 1.listen to advertisements for four funny inventions.听四则有趣发明的广告 . (1).advertisement n. 广告(可数) ad 缩写 advertise v. 做广告，登广告the

25、y will put an advertisement in the newspaper. (2).funny adj.可笑的；滑稽的you re an extremely funny man. 你是一个非常滑稽的人。fun 与 funny 的区别 : fun 与 funny 都可以作形容词，但它们的意思不同,fun 意为有趣的funny 意为滑稽的 , fun 还可以作名词 ,意为乐趣 ,有趣的事物 . 2.write a short article about a new invention that you will create. 写一篇有关你要创造的一项新发明的短文. 精品学习资料

26、可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载(1)create v. 创作,创造 creation n.创造物 ,作品 creator n.创造者 creative adj.有创造力的creativity n.创造力试翻译：这个创造者创作了这个作品，他很有创造力。the creator created the creation ,he is creative. 【辨析】create 和 make create 创造,创作 创造出原来并不存在的东西he created a new idea.

27、 他创造了一个新想法 . make 创造,制作 通过工作制造出某种东西the workers make the watch in the factory. 工人们在工厂制造手表 . 3.telephone n. 电话,电话机 缩写形式是 phone mobil phone 移动电话 ,手机i don t have a telephone. 我没有一部电话 . telephone v. 给打电话 i telephone my grandpa every week. 我每周给爷爷打电话 . 给某人打电话的表达：telephone /phone sb i often telephone /phone

28、 my mother about my study. call sb please call me. give sb a call i gave my father a call yesterday. make a telephone call to sb my friends often make a telephone call to me. 4.after its invention, traveling became faster and more comfortable.它发明后旅行变得更快更舒适了. comfortable adj.舒适的 ,其比较级是 more comfortab

29、le. comfortably adv.舒适地 uncomfortable adj.使人不舒服的a home should be comfortable and friendly. 家应该让人感觉到舒适 . 亲切的 . 5.in the early 19th century. 在 19 世纪早期century n.世纪(可数) in the+序数词 +century 在世纪in the early 19th century = at the start of the 19th century. 在 19 世纪初in the late 19th century = at the end of t

30、he 19th century. 在 19 世纪末he was the most famous writer in the 19th.他是 19 世纪最著名的作家 . 6.alexander graham bell invented one of the first practical telephones in 1876. alexander graham bell在 1876年发明了第一批可用的电话之一. (1)invent v.发明 invention n 发明 inventor v.发明invent 与 discover invent 发明指客观上没有，发明以前未曾有过的东西，如新发明

31、的使用工具，方法 discover 发现 指发现客观已存在，但是不为人知的东西或者事情；gilbert discovered electricity, but edison invented the electric light bulb. (2)practical adj.实用的 拓展： practice 练习 n practise 练习 v our clothes are lightweight, fashionable and practical for holidays. 我们的服装轻便 ,时尚，并且很适合度假穿。7.thomas edison developed the first

32、practical light bulb in 1879. 爱迪生在 1879 年发明了第一批可用的电灯develop v. 发展,开发,研发 we need to develop solar energy. 我们需要开发太阳能。拓展： development 发展 n developed 发达的adj developing 发展中的adj 发达国家： a developed country 发展中国家： a developing country 8.they allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.它们容

33、许人们在任何时候， 在任何地点彼此保持联系。1)allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事allow doing 是某人允许做某事we dont allow smoking in our house. 在我们家里不容许吸烟。they allow their children to go to the park.他们允许孩子们去公园。2)keep in touch with sb=stay in touch with 和某人保持联系do you still keep in touch with your parents after you leave them? 精品学习资料 可选择p

34、 d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载你离开父母以后还经常与他们保持联系吗？9.with light bulbs, people can do as many things in the evenings as they can in the daytime.用电灯 ,人们在晚上做和明天一样多的事情. as many+ 复数名词 +as one can 和一样多的you can borrow as many books as he can.你可以和他借一样多的书 . 10.the new c

35、ars made loud noises and frightened them.这些新汽车发出很大的噪音，让他们感到害怕。make noises意思是：发出噪音，弄出生音；也可以用make a noise 例如：不要弄出声音，你爸爸正在睡觉。don t make noises, your father is sleeping . 辨析： noise ，voice， sound noise 指吵闹 . 喧哗声，往往是不和谐，不悦耳的声音voice 多指人和动物的嗓音 . sound 指人所能听到的自然界中的一切声音请不要在课堂上制造噪音。please don t make noises in

36、class. 她经常小声说话。 she often talks in a low voice. 在空气中光比声音传播的速度快。light travels faster than sound in the air. 11. keep the dust off your shoes.合你的鞋子远离灰尘 . keep off (使)不接近 ;远离 keep the children off.its dangerous here! 别让孩子们靠近 , 这儿危险 ! 12.the kongming lantern led to the invention of the hot-air balloon.

37、孔明灯引起了热气球了发明. lead to 导致，引起 . the mistake led to a big fire. lead sb to sp. 带领某人去某地please lead me to your school. 习题练习一.英汉互译1.in the early 19th century_ 2. 电灯泡 _ 3.in the daytime_ 4.millions of _ 5.each other_ 6. 过更好的生活 _ 7.从那以后 _ 8. 与.保持联系 _ 9.想象做某事 _ 10. 允许某人做某事 _ 二.根据句意及首字母提示补全单词.1. the coat cost

38、s ￥2,600. its too e_. 2. can you tell me how to o_ the washing machine? 3. a man is s_ apples over there. lets buy some. 4. he saw an a_ in the magazine. 5. that s the f_ joke ive ever heard. 6. nowadays, young people like playing games with their mobile p_ . 7. they have c_ a new factory in the cit

39、y. 8. what is the _ （距离） from here to shanghai? 9. -will you take the trainers? -of course. they are very _. （舒服的）10. we live in the twenty-first _.（世纪）11. this bus can carry 40 _. （乘客）12.miss liu is very _(受欢迎的 ) in our class. 13.you can _ ( 比较) the prices of the same product( 产品 ) on the internet

40、14. you cant see them in the _ .（白天）15. thomas edison _ （研制） the first practical light bulb in 1897. 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载三.词形填空1.edison was famous for his _(invent). 2. in the early _(twenty) century, cars became popular. 3. they allow pe

41、ople _(keep) in touch with each other anytime, anywhere. 4. today _(thousand) of people across the world come to china. 5. america is a _(develop) country. 6. lucy is the_(tall) of the two. 7. english is as _(important) as chinese. 8. can you walk _(far) than a young man? 9. this is the _(good) city

42、 that we have ever visited. 10.with light bulb, people can do as_ (many) things in the evening as they can in the daytime. 11. can you tell me the _(distant) between your home and your school? 12. great inventions help people live a better _.(life) 13. can you imagine _(live) without light bulbs?四.同

43、义词 . ( ) 1.my new shoes feel comfortable, so i like wearing them. a. hard b. good c. soft and nice d. beautiful ( ) 2. our company developed a new umbrella last month. a. found b. bought c. created d. sold ( ) 3. this story happened a century ago. a. a hundred years b. a few hundred years c. a thous

44、and years d. thousands of years ( ) 4. your invention is clever, but not practical. a. nice b. useful c. useless d. important ( ) 5. we can use solar power instead of petrol to make less pollution. a. sad b. amusing c. unhappy d. in place of ( ) 6. at the start of the 20th century, cars became popul

45、ar. a. beginning b. end c. middle d. first ( ) 7. since then, he has developed another bad habit. a. at that moment b. from then on c. a few days ago d. after a few days ( ) 8. cars are not as fast as planes. a. more fast than b. faster than c. more slow than d. slower than 五.单项选择题 . ( ) 1. -he is t

46、ired. let me go _. -we will go there on foot_ by bus. a. instead of; instead b. instead of; instead of c. instead; instead d. instead; instead of ( ) 2. i think the wheel is a great invention. -i agree with you. i can t imagine _ without it. a. to live b. lived c. living d. live ( ) 3. the center of

47、 the city is about 10 miles _ from the station, but her parents don t live _ away. a. far; distant b. far; far c. distant; distant d. distant; far ( ) 4. -with the card, you can take money out of the machine _. -so it s very convenient. i can go _to buy things with the card. a. anytime; anywhere b.

48、anytime; somewhere c. sometime; somewhere d. sometime; anywhere ( ) 5. if there were no examinations, we should have _ at school. a. the happiest time b. a more happier time c. much happiest time d. a much happier time 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下

49、载( ) 6 -remember this, children. _ careful you are, _ mistakes you will make. -we know, miss gao. a. the more; the more b. the fewer; the more c. the more; the fewer d. the less; the less ( ) 7. this question is_ that one. a. so easy as b. as difficult as c. much difficult than d. less easier than (

50、 ) 8. she isn t so _ at math as you are. a. well b. good c. better d. best ( ) 9. this book is _ that one, but _ than that one. a. as difficult as; expensive b. as more difficult as; more expensive c. as difficult as; more expensive d. so more difficult as; as expensive ( ) 10. before she went abroa

51、d, she spent_ much time as she could _ english. a. as; to practise speaking b. as; practising speaking c. so; to practising speaking d. so; practising to speak 六. 完成句子 .1. 为了过上更好的生活，他决定买车。to _ _ _ _, he decided to buy a car. 2. lily 不喜欢在白天学习。lily does not like study _ _ _. 3. 为了保持健康，你最好远离垃圾食品。to kee

52、p healthy, you d better _ yourself _ the junk food. 4. 从那以后，我们再也没有见过他了。_ _, we haven t seen him. 5. 现在，人们都会用电子邮件相互保持联系。now, people use e-mails to _ _ _ _ each other. 6.你不可以同时做两件不同的事情。you can t do two different things _ _ _ _ 7.因为他身体不舒服，所以我代替他去。because he didn t feel well, i went there_ _ him 8. 在 20

53、 世纪初，汽车变得流行起来。_ _ _ _ _,cars became popular. 七. 连词成句：1. inventions, live, people, the, better, great, life, a, help _ 2. traveling, more, the, make, wheels, faster, and, comfortable, become _ 3. touch, millions, phones, people, of, world, today, each, across, with, mobile, in, the, use, to, other, k

54、eep _ 4. than, writing, my, much, is, hand, lily s, worse _ 5. told, english, at, story, the ,of, the, teacher, class, the, a, start _ 完形填空thomas, a businessman, arrives in a foreign airport. he doesn t _1_ his passport. instead, a machine in the wall reads the computer chip in his arm. this has the

55、 _2_ about him: his name, age, and id number. he exits the airport, and a car _3_ opens. when it “ sees ” him. the car takes him to the _4_. his room “ knows”he has entered the hotel and “ reads ”his body. he is cold, so the room becomes _5_. when he goes to bed, the room plays music to help him sle

56、ep. it _6_ the music 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载when it “ sees ” him asleep. _7_ , this machine doesn t exist. but it might be _8_ soon. in five to ten years, computing and communications are going to be _9_ and everywhere, in your walls, in you

57、r car, on your body. scientists has this big idea: to create ( 创造) better relationship between machines and people. the dream is that computers _10_ will learn to understand what people want. ( )1. a. give b. show c. get d. look ( )2. a. news b. things c. message d. information ( )3. a. window b. do

58、or c. curtain d. light ( )4. a. hotel b. school c. hospital d. company ( )5. a. hotter b. cooler c. colder d. warmer ( )6. a. gets off b. goes off c. turns off d. takes off ( )7. a. in surprise b. at first c. in addition d. in fact ( )8. a. great b. new c. real d. false ( )9. a. expensive b. helps c

59、. lively d. free ( )10. a. finally b. usually c. never d. always 阅读理解long long ago, there were only a few thousand people in the world. these people moved from place to place over the land, hunting animals for food. no one knows how or when these people learned about growing food. but when they did,

60、 their lives changed. they did not have to look for food any more. they could stay in one place and grow it. people began to live near one another. and so the first village grew. many people came to work in the villages. these villages grew very big. when machines appeared, life in the villages chan