片机课程设计多功能电子时钟

1、.J I A N G S U U N I V E R S I T Y单片机课程设计多功能电子时钟学院名称： 专业班级： 学生姓名： 学生学号： 一、设计目的（1）能在LED显示器上实现正常的时分秒计时（2）能通过键盘输入当前时间，并从该时间开始计时（3）有校时、校分功能（4）有闹时功能，闹时时间可以设定，通过指示灯表示二、设计内容该课程设计是利用MCS-51单片机内部的定时计数器、中断系统、以及行列键盘和LED显示器等部件，设计一个单片机电子时钟。设计的电子时钟通过数码管显示，并能通过按键实现设置时间和暂停、启动控制等。三、MCS-51单片机系统简介单片机应用系统由硬件系统和软件系统两部分组成

2、。硬件系统是指单片机以及扩展的存储器、IO接口、外围扩展的功能芯片以及接口电路。软件系统包括监控程序和各种应用程序。在单片机应用系统中，单片机是整个系统的核心，对整个系统的信息输入、处理、信息输出进行控制。与单片机配套的有相应的复位电路、时钟电路以及扩展的存储器和IO接口，使单片机应用系统能够运行。在一个单片机应用系统中，往往都会输入信息和显示信息，这就涉及键盘和显示器。在单片机应用系统中，一般都根据系统的要求配置相应的键盘和显示器。配置键盘和显示器一般都没有统一的规定，有的系统功能复杂，需输入的信息和显示的信息量大，配置的键盘和显示器功能相对强大，而有些系统输入/输出的信息少，这时可能用几个

3、按键和几个LED指示灯就可以进行处理了。在单片机应用系统在中配置的键盘可以是独立键盘，也可能是矩阵键盘。显示器可以是LED指示灯，也可以是LED数码管，也可以是LCD显示器，还可以使用CRT显示器。单片机应用系统中键盘一般用的比较多的是矩阵键盘，显示器用的比较多的是LED数码管还LCD显示器。四、设计方案通过键盘输入，设置当前时间，并显示在LCD显示器上，键盘和LED显示通过键盘专用芯片HD7279A进行控制，7279A也是I2C总线接口的芯片，系统中采用并行口线模拟I2C实现 C8051F020和HD7279A的通信。采用LCD液晶显示器显示。而LCD液晶显示则耗能少，能够显示年、月、日、星

4、期等汉字，在显示方面更加灵活，而且改变显示时只要改变软件设计就可以，不用改变硬件电路的设计，易于电路的功能扩展。电路的软件设计也很简单。另外，这种设计硬件更加简洁。采用LCD液晶显示方案的缺点是在显示位数比较少时，价格略显昂贵。时间显示格式为小时十位、小时个位-分十位、分个位-秒十位、秒个位。在处理过程中加上了按键判断程序，能对按键处理，A是进入时间设置，按B进入日历设置，按C进入闹钟设置，设置完毕按D退出。五、程序整个工程中一共有四个文件 main.c  LCD12864.c  key7279.c  Clock.c。首先是main.c,程序如下：#include

5、 "c8051f020.h"  #include <intrins.h> unsigned char flag=0;  /设置标记extern unsigned char h,m,s;/声明时，分，秒，原定义在Clock.c文件中unsigned char ch=0,cm=0,cs=0;/定义闹钟的 时，分，秒unsigned int year=2013,mouth=12,day=31;/定义年，月，日int Count1s=1000; /定义倒数时间为1Sunsigned char newday=0;/新的一天 

6、0;   void Delay1us(unsigned char us) while (us)    _nop_(); _nop_(); _nop_(); _nop_(); _nop_();   -us; void SYSCLK_Init (void)   int i;                  &#

7、160;           / delay counter   OSCXCN = 0x67;                      / start external oscillator with     

8、0;                                 / 18.432MHz crystal   for (i=0; i < 256; i+) ;       

9、0;   / Wait for osc. to start up   while (!(OSCXCN & 0x80) ;          / Wait for crystal osc. to settle   OSCICN = 0x88;                 

10、;     / select external oscillator as SYSCLK                                       / sourc

11、e and enable missing clock                                       / detector#define PRT0CF P0MDOUT#define PRT1C

12、F P1MDOUT#define PRT2CF P2MDOUTvoid PORT_Init (void)   XBR0    = 0x07;                     / Enable SMBus, SPI0, and UART0   XBR1    = 0x00; 

13、0; XBR2    = 0x44;                     / Enable crossbar and weak pull-ups   EMI0CF  = 0x27;   EMI0TC  = 0x21;   P74OUT  = 0xFF;  

14、 P0MDOUT = 0x15; P1MDOUT |= 0x3C;       /P1.2-P1.5推挽输出   P1 &= 0xc3;       /P1.2-P1.5=0void SPI0_Init (void)   SPI0CFG = 0x07;              &

15、#160;      / data sampled on 1st SCK rising edge                                      

16、; / 8-bit data words   SPI0CFG|=0xC0; /CKPOL =1;   SPI0CN = 0x03;                      / Master mode; SPI enabled; flags        &#

17、160;                              / cleared   SPI0CKR = SYSCLK/2/8000000-1;       / SPI clock <= 8MHz (limited b

18、y                                        / EEPROM spec.)unsigned char Count1ms;void Timer0_Init (void) &#

19、160;  CKCON|=0x8;    TMOD|=0x1;     /16Bit   Count1ms=10;    TR0 = 0;                          / STOP Timer0&#

20、160;   TH0 = (-SYSCLK/1000) >> 8;      / set Timer0 to overflow in 1ms    TL0 = -SYSCLK/1000;    TR0 = 1;    / START Timer0    IE|= 0x2; void rili(unsigned char n); void Timer0_ISR (void) interrupt 1

21、  /1ms TH0 = (-SYSCLK/1000) >> 8;      TL0 = -SYSCLK/1000; if (Count1ms) Count1ms-; Count1s-;                  /1000倒数，为0是代表刚好一秒 if(Count1s=0)   

22、;                  flag=1;                      /1S到了，将标记至1 Count1s=1000;     &#

23、160;             /复位1S计数   if(flag=1)                   /判断标记       flag=0;     

24、               /复位标记     s+;                       /1S到 ，s+,秒增加     if(s=60

25、)                /秒满60           s=0;      m+;                  &

26、#160; /分增加          if(m=60)             /分满60           m=0;      h+;         &

27、#160;         /时增加               if(h=24)             /时满24          h=0;   

28、0; newday=1;         /更新新一天标记     rili(newday);       /日历函数，由新一天标记为参数，判断年月日     void Delay1ms(unsigned char T) Count1ms=T; while (Count1ms);void Delay1s(un

29、signed char T) while (T)   Delay1ms(200);  Delay1ms(200);  Delay1ms(200);  Delay1ms(200);  Delay1ms(200);  T-; void clock (void);void main (void)  WDTCN = 0xde; WDTCN = 0xad;       

30、;   /关看门狗 SYSCLK_Init ();         /初始化时钟 Timer0_Init();   /初始化定时器 PORT_Init ();           /初始化IO口 SPI0_Init ();        &

31、#160;  /初始化SPI0  CPT1CN|=0x80; /使能比较器1 REF0CN = 0x03;  /使能片内参考电压 DAC0CN |= 0x80; /使能DAC0 DAC0H=0; DAC0L=0; EA=1;     /开中断 clock();               

32、               /进入后，程序永远在此函数中循环 void rili(unsigned char n) if(n=1) n=0; /day+; /1,3,5,7,8,10,12 每月31天while(1) if(mouth=1|mouth=3|mouth=5|mouth=7|mouth=8|mouth=10|mouth=12) if(day=31) day=1; if(mouth!=12) mouth+; else mouth=1;

33、 year+; else day+; break; /4,6,9,11 每月30天 if(mouth=4|mouth=6|mouth=9|mouth=11) if(day=30) day=1; mouth+; else day+; break; if(mouth=2) if(year%4=0)&(year%100!=0)|(year%400=0) if(day=29) day=1; mouth+; else day+; else if(day=28) day=1;mouth+; elseday+; break; 下面是key7279.c  和 LCD12864.c 两个文件，

34、分别为按键和显示的控制函数。其中在LCD12864.c文件中加入了两个反向显示函数。key7279.c文件内容#include "c8051f020.h" #include <intrins.h>sbit HD7279_DAT=P17;sbit HD7279_CLK=P16;#define NOSELECT7279   P5 |= 0x80  /SPICS4(P57)=1#define SELECT7279   P5 &= (0x80)   /SPICS4

35、(P57)=0;#define Set7279DAT   HD7279_DAT=1#define Clr7279DAT   HD7279_DAT=0#define Set7279CLK   HD7279_CLK=1#define Clr7279CLK   HD7279_CLK=0       void Delay1ms(unsigned char T);void Delay1s(unsigned char T);void Delay1us(unsigned

36、 char T);void Send7279Byte(unsigned char ch)  char i; SELECT7279;      /置CS低电平  Delay1us(50);  /延时50  for (i=0;i<8;i+)    if (ch&0x80) /输出7位到HD7279A的DATA端      Set7279DAT; &

37、#160;  else     Clr7279DAT;    Set7279CLK;  /置CLK高电平   ch=ch<<1;  /待发数据左移   Delay1us(8); /延时8  Clr7279CLK;  /置CLK低电平   Delay1us(8); /延时50  Clr7279DAT

38、;   /发送完毕，DATA端置低，返回 unsigned char Receive7279Byte(void) unsigned char i,ch; ch=0;   Set7279DAT;   /DATA端置为高电平，输入状态 Delay1us(50);  /延时50 for (i=0;i<8;i+)   Set7279CLK;  /置CLK高电平  Delay1us

39、(8); /延时8  ch=ch<<1;  /接收数据左移1位  if (HD7279_DAT)   ch+=1;  /接收1位数据  Clr7279CLK;  /置CLK低电平  Delay1us(8); /延时8  Clr7279DAT;   /接收完毕，DATA端重新置成低电平(输出状态) return ch;void Flash

40、LED(unsigned char No) char i; Send7279Byte(0x88); /发闪烁指令  i=0x1; while (No)   i=i<<1;  No-;  Send7279Byte(i);   /1闪烁 NOSELECT7279;      /置CS高电平 void MoveLeft(void) Send7279Byte(0xA1); 

41、/发左移指令  NOSELECT7279;      /置CS高电平 void MoveRight(void) Send7279Byte(0xA0); /发右移指令  NOSELECT7279;      /置CS高电平 unsigned char code BdSeg=0x7e,0x30,0x6d,0x79, / 0 1 2 3 0x33,0x5b,0x5f,0x70, / 4 5 6 70x7f,0x7b,0x77,0x1f, / 8 9 a b0x4

42、e,0x3d,0x4f,0x47, / c d e f0x00,0x01; /*;              b6;             -;          b1| b0 |b5;      

43、       -        small;          b2| b3 |b4;             - .b7*/void DispLED(char *DispBuf,char ShowDot)/ShowDot 显示小数点位 char i,ch;&

44、#160;ShowDot-; for (i=0;i<6;i+)   ch=DispBufi;  if (ch>='a') && (ch<='f')       ch-='a'ch+=0xa;    if (ch>='A') && (ch<='F')    &

45、#160;  ch-='A'ch+=0xa;    Send7279Byte(0x90+5-i); /不译码  if (ch=' ')   Send7279Byte(0x00);   else   if (ch='-')     Send7279Byte(0x01);    else    

46、    if (ShowDot=i)     Send7279Byte(0x80|BdSegch&0x0f);     else     Send7279Byte(BdSegch&0x0f);      NOSELECT7279;      /置CS高电平 unsigned char GetKeyVal

47、ue(void) char KeyValue; if (CPT1CN&0x40) return -1; /无键按下  Send7279Byte(0x15); /发读键盘指令  KeyValue=Receive7279Byte(); NOSELECT7279;      /置CS高电平  return KeyValue; void WaitKeyOff(void) while  (!(CPT1CN&0x40);LCD12864.c函

48、数内容#include "c8051F020.h"#include <intrins.h>#define LCD_DATA P2#define LCD_RS P30#define LCD_RW P31#define LCD_E  P32#define LCD_CS1  P33#define LCD_CS2  P34#define LCD_RST  P35void Delay1ms(unsigned char);#define SELECTCS 0void LCD_WaitReady1(void) /判断LCD控制芯片KS0

49、108是否忙 LCD_DATA=0xff; _nop_(); LCD_CS2=SELECTCS; LCD_RW=1; LCD_RS=0; LCD_E=1; while (LCD_DATA&0x80); LCD_CS2=!SELECTCS;void LCD_WaitReady2(void) /判断LCD控制芯片KS0108是否忙 LCD_DATA=0xff; _nop_(); LCD_CS1=SELECTCS; LCD_RW=1; LCD_RS=0; 

50、;LCD_E=1; while (LCD_DATA&0x80); LCD_CS1=!SELECTCS;void LCD_WriteCommand1(char ch) /向LCD控制芯片KS0108发送控制命令 LCD_WaitReady1(); LCD_CS2=SELECTCS; LCD_RW=0; LCD_RS=0; LCD_DATA=ch; LCD_E=1; LCD_E=0; LCD_CS2=!SELECTCS;void LCD_WriteCommand2(char ch) 

51、;/向LCD控制芯片KS0108发送控制命令 LCD_WaitReady2(); LCD_CS1=SELECTCS; LCD_RW=0; LCD_RS=0; LCD_DATA=ch; LCD_E=1; LCD_E=0; LCD_CS1=!SELECTCS;void LCD_WriteData1(char ch) /向LCD控制芯片KS0108发送数据命令 LCD_WaitReady1(); LCD_CS2=SELECTCS; LCD_RW=0; LCD_RS=1;&

52、#160;LCD_DATA=ch; LCD_E=1; LCD_E=0; LCD_CS2=!SELECTCS;void LCD_WriteData2(char ch) /向LCD控制芯片KS0108发送数据命令 LCD_WaitReady2(); LCD_CS1=SELECTCS; LCD_RW=0; LCD_RS=1; LCD_DATA=ch; LCD_E=1; LCD_E=0; LCD_CS1=!SELECTCS;void LCD_WriteHZ(char x,char y

53、,char *Dot) /显示16*16点阵汉字char i; for (i=0;i<32;i+)   if (x+i%16)<64)     LCD_WriteCommand1(0xB8+y+i/16);   LCD_WriteCommand1(0x40+x+i%16);   LCD_WriteData1(Doti);    else     

54、LCD_WriteCommand2(0xB8+y+i/16);   LCD_WriteCommand2(0x40+x-64+i%16);   LCD_WriteData2(Doti);   char code Number=/*-  文字:  0123456789:/  -*/0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x08,0x10,0x10,0x08,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x10,0xF8,0

55、x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0x10,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x14,0x12,0x11,0x10,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x48,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x0C,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x11,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x40,0x20,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x02,0x12,0x1F,0x12,0x12,0x00,0

56、x00,0xF8,0x88,0x48,0x48,0x48,0x88,0x00,0x00,0x0C,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x88,0x88,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x11,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x38,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x70,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x10,0

57、x10,0x11,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x90,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x11,0x11,0x08,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x18,0x04,0x00,0x60,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,;void LCD_WriteChar(char x,char y,char *D

58、ot) /显示8*16点阵字符char i; for (i=0;i<16;i+)   if (x+i%8)<64)     LCD_WriteCommand1(0xB8+y+i/8);   LCD_WriteCommand1(0x40+x+i%8);   LCD_WriteData1(Doti);    else     LCD_WriteCom

59、mand2(0xB8+y+i/8);   LCD_WriteCommand2(0x40+x-64+i%8);   LCD_WriteData2(Doti);   void LCD_WriteChar2(char x,char y,char *Dot) /显示8*16点阵字符   /新添加反向显示函数char i; for (i=0;i<16;i+)   if (x+i%8)<64)    

60、60;LCD_WriteCommand1(0xB8+y+i/8);   LCD_WriteCommand1(0x40+x+i%8);   LCD_WriteData1(Doti);    else     LCD_WriteCommand2(0xB8+y+i/8);   LCD_WriteCommand2(0x40+x-64+i%8);   LCD_WriteData2(Doti);&#

61、160;  void LCD_DispChar(char x,char y,char ch) /128*64  取值x=0-128 y=0-8 if (ch>=0)&&(ch<=0xb)   LCD_WriteChar(x,y,&Numberch*16); void LCD_DispChar2(char x,char y,char ch) /128*64  取值x=0-128 y=0-8  /新添加反向显示函数 if (ch>=0)&&

62、amp;(ch<=0xb)   LCD_WriteChar2(x,y,&Numberch*16); void InitLCD(void) /初始化LCD char i,j; LCD_RST=0; Delay1ms(1); LCD_RST=1; LCD_WriteCommand1(0xc0);  LCD_WriteCommand2(0xc0); LCD_WriteCommand1(0x3f);   /开显示 LCD_Writ

63、eCommand2(0x3f); for (j=0;j<8;j+)   /清屏   LCD_WriteCommand1(0xB8+j); /清左半屏  LCD_WriteCommand1(0x40);  for (i=0;i<64;i+)   LCD_WriteData1(0x00);  LCD_WriteCommand2(0xB8+j); /清右半屏  LCD_WriteComman

64、d2(0x40);  for (i=0;i<64;i+)   LCD_WriteData2(0x00); void DispBmp(char *buf) /显示一幅位图int i,j; for (j=0;j<8;j+)   /显示位图   LCD_WriteCommand1(0xB8+j);   LCD_WriteCommand1(0x40);  for (i=0;i<64;i+)

65、0;  LCD_WriteData1(buf(j*2)*64+i);  LCD_WriteCommand2(0xB8+j);   LCD_WriteCommand2(0x40);  for (i=0;i<64;i+)   LCD_WriteData2(buf(j*2+1)*64+i); Clock.c内容如下#include <c8051f020.h>unsigned char h=23,m=59,s=55;   &#

66、160; /设定初始时间extern unsigned char ch,cm,cs;      /申明闹钟时分秒extern unsigned int year,mouth,day;/申明年月日unsigned char key,key1,key2;      /按键 键值unsigned char i=0,j=0,y1=33,k=0; /循环标记unsigned  char si6=0;        &

67、#160;   /设置模式中存储时间设定值int rili8=3;                  /设置模式中存储日历设定值unsigned  char sn6=0;           /设置模式中存储闹铃设定值void InitLCD(void); /初始化LCDvoid LCD_

68、DispChar(char x,char y,char ch);void LCD_WriteHZ(char x,char y,char *Dot);void DispLED(char *DispBuf,char ShowDot);void Delay1ms(unsigned char T);unsigned char GetKeyValue(void);void WaitKeyOff(void);void LCD_DispChar2(char x,char y,char ch);/*- 文字: 时 -*/char code Shi=0x00,0x00,0xFC,0x44,0x44,0xFC,0

69、x00,0x08,0x48,0x88,0x08,0xFF,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x04,0x04,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x11,0x20,0x1F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,;/*- 文字: 钟 -*/char code Zhong=0x00,0x60,0x38,0xE7,0x24,0x24,0x04,0x00,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xFF,0x88,0x88,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x3F,0x11,0x09,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0

70、x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,;/*- 文字: 闹 -*/char code Nao=0x00,0x00,0xF9,0x12,0x90,0x92,0x96,0xFA,0x92,0x92,0x92,0x12,0x02,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x1F,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x00,0x08,0x1F,0x40,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,;/*- 文字: 日 -*/char code Ri=0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0xFE,0x00,0

71、x00,0x00,0x00, 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,;/*- 文字: 历 -*/char code Li=0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x02,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0xFA,0x22,0x22,0x22,0xE2,0x02,0x02,0x00, 0x40,0x30,0x0F,0x00,0x40,0x20,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,0x20,0x60,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,;void clock (void

72、) InitLCD();DispLED(" ",0); while(1) LCD_WriteHZ(32,0,Ri); LCD_WriteHZ(48,0,Li); LCD_WriteHZ(64,0,Shi); LCD_WriteHZ(80,0,Zhong); LCD_WriteHZ(0,2,Shi); LCD_WriteHZ(16,2,Zhong); LCD_DispChar(49,2,0xa);LCD_DispChar(73,2,0xa);LCD_WriteHZ(0,4,Ri); LCD_WriteHZ(16,4,Li);LCD_WriteHZ(0,6,Nao); LCD_

73、WriteHZ(16,6,Zhong);LCD_DispChar(33,6,ch/10); LCD_DispChar(41,6,ch%10);LCD_DispChar(49,6,0xa);LCD_DispChar(57,6,cm/10);LCD_DispChar(65,6,cm%10);LCD_DispChar(73,6,0xa);LCD_DispChar(81,6,cs/10);LCD_DispChar(89,6,cs%10); key=GetKeyValue();/获取按键值，当没有按键值时，key=-1；整个循环只运行if(GetKeyValue()=-1)内程序。 if(GetKeyValue()=-1) Delay1ms(30); LCD_DispChar(33,2,h/10);LCD_DispChar(41,2,h%10);LCD_DispChar(57,2,m/10);LCD_DispChar(65,2,m%10);LCD_DispChar(81,2,s/10);LCD_DispChar(89,2,s%10); LCD_DispChar(33,4,year/1000); LCD_DispChar(41,4,(year%1000)/100); LCD_DispChar(49,4,(yea