江苏省镇江市2018届高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷有问题详解

1、实用文档 文案大全 镇江市2018届期末测试 高三英语试卷 第I卷（选择题 共85分）注意：本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。两部分答案都 做在答题纸上。总分为120分。考试时间120分钟。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who might

2、 Jenny be? A. The man's secretary. B. The woman's nurse. C. The woman's granddaughter. 2. What type of music are the speakers probably listening to? A. Hard rock music. B. Loud dance music. C. Classical piano music. 3. Where are the speakers? A. In the United States. B. In Germany. C. In

3、 Spain. 4. What does the woman want to do first? A. Get some money. B. Mail a letter. C. Go home. 5. How is the woman learning about computers? A. From a textbook. B. By using a computer. C. By listening to lectures. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听

4、每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至7题。 6. Why can't the woman read? A. She caught a cold. B. The man is making noises. C. She is tired from waking up early. 7. Who locked the man out? A. A cat. B. The woman. C. The man's pet dog. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至9题。 8. What

5、 does the boy refuse to have at first? A. The fruit. B. Some milk. C. The sandwich. 9. How does the woman get the boy to eat? A. By tricking him. B. By giving him candy. C. By letting him watch TV. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至12题。 10. Where did the man last work? A. At Donut Delight. B. At Al's Garage. C. At

6、Hill and Dale. 11. What does the woman's company deal with? A. Salespeople training. B. Furniture. C. Food. 12. What type of meeting are the speakers having? A. A job interview. B. A sales meeting. C. A training session. 实用文档 文案大全 听下面一段对话，回答第13至16题。 13. Where are the speakers? A. Inside the new

7、mall. B. In a parking lot. C. On the street. 14. What can we learn about the woman's car? A. It's silver. B. It has two doors. C. It has broken down. 15. Who helped the woman find her phone book? A. James. B. Bianca. C. Her son. 16. What will the man probably do next? A. Continue walking to

8、town. B. Fix the woman's window. C. Continue his drive to town. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。 17. How much natural scenery can be found in Berlin? A. Around half of the total area. B. About one third of the total area. C. About one fifth of the total area. 18. What can we learn about transportation in Berl

9、in? A. There aren't many choices. B. Many people use bicycles to get around. C. Cars are popular but trains are preferred. 19. What makes Berlin a desirable location for international film productions? A. The natural scenery. B. The historic spots. C. Its urban setting. 20. What has developed in

10、 the last decade in Berlin? A. Film festivals. B. Orchestras and universities. C. A music, dance, and art scene. 第二部分：英语知识运用 (共两节，满分35分) 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 21. There is only one way to happiness and that is to _ worrying about things which ar

11、e beyond the power of our will. A. cease B. recall C. acknowledge D. guarantee 22. Between 2014 and 2017, courts nationwide _ 1,529 cases in which defendants were accused of using the Internet to interfere with a person's privacy. A. have heard B. had heard C. have been hearing D. heard 23. Towe

12、ring over the surrounding buildings _ the Suning skyscraper, which reaches nearly 400 meters in height, making it a new landmark of Zhenjiang. A. are B. has C. is D. have 24. The recently-released movie Youth _ the memories, good and bad, of those who were born around the 60s of the last century. A.

13、 calls up B. steps up C. keeps up D. makes up 25. Volunteers and charities, as well as many churches, arrange meals for the homeless and those who _ otherwise be alone on Christmas Day. A. can B. should C. would D. may 26. Since livestreaming platforms are _ much of our economy's value is create

14、d, anything that improves them matters a lot for the new economy's overall health. A. when B. where C. what D. that 实用文档 文案大全 27. This is the third time he _ for his voluntary work for the Red Cross. No wonder he is so excited! A. has praised B. had been praised C. has been praised D. had praise

15、d 28. What to wear in winter? The look of queens and princesses around the world may give you some _, which are elegant and also attainable. A. interpretations B. inspirations C. innovations D. invitations 29. A report finds millions of children still are missing out on the benefits offered by the I

16、nternet and calls on these inequalities _. A. to be addressed B. addressing C. being addressed D. to address 30. Science involves imagination and creative thinking so as to establish scientific theories. _, Einstein is one of the most outstanding scientists. A. In this case B. By this means C. With

17、this method D. In this regard 31. We see Jesus in the children of unemployed parents, _ struggle to offer their children a secure and peaceful future. A. whose B. whom C. that D. who 32. Man cannot discover new oceans _ he has the courage to lose sight of the shore. A. if B. unless C. when D. since

18、33. She's failed her test again. _! Let's go and give her a hand. A. What a relief B. She deserves it C. What a shame D. She said it 34. To be _, they have to think about the future and deal with the problems involving waste water. A. sustainable B. authentic C. critical D. innocent 35. If h

19、e does you a favor, you should do him a favor. Sure. _. A. Two heads are better than one B. Short accounts make long friends. C. Many hands make light work D. One good turn deserves another. 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Letter from Earth Dear Homo

20、 Sapiens, As you mark off another “Earth Day” in your calendars, 36 that for at least 24 hours I remained in your thoughts, I wanted to remind you that I am sick. I'm frightened that 37 I can't soon receive the appropriate medicine and care I need, my illness will become terminal 38 all cure

21、s. So, I am asking for your help! Geologists (地质学家) 39 that I have been in 40 for 4.5 billion years. Current estimates show that I have given a home to approximately 8.7 million different 41 . Currently over 7.4 billion of my inhabitants (居民) are one species 42 , you, or Homo Sapiens to be more prec

22、ise. In millennia gone by, we lived in 43 with one another. Your ancestors would take only what they needed from me and in return nurture and protect my fragile environment. Like a proud parent, I have watched in wonder as you 44 in abilities and intellect. You have travelled to outer space, develop

23、ed medical cures for the most troublesome illnesses, built great cities and 45 technology But at what cost? Did I do something to 46 you? Was there a point in our mutual (相互的) history where you 47 that we were no longer equals? Am I only now a commodity to you? Why would you pollute my rivers and oc

24、eans? 实用文档 文案大全 Why would you 48 poisonous smokes into our environment, causing me to 49 ? Surely you would not do this intentionally; it would make no 50 . I don't wish to believe that you have become increasingly 51 . I would like to think that you have 52 lost your way, 53 other species have

25、before you. I have faith that like a 54 teenager, you just need the opportunity to return home and visit for a while. Many of you have begun to recycle the waste you consume and look at 55 methods of renewable energy. If you are not one of these people yet, then I would encourage you to be mindful o

26、f me. Your friend, always Earth 36. A. worried B. content C. shocked D. anxious 37. A. when B. though C. if D. unless 38. A. within B. against C. under D. beyond 39. A. count B. warn C. decide D. estimate 40. A. existence B. place C. condition D. danger 41. A. organizations B. friends C. species D.

27、pioneers 42. A. in particular B. by accident C. in control D. at present 43. A. agreement B. harmony C. comparison D. line 44. A. evolved B. believed C. decreased D. withdrew 45. A. understood B. analyzed C. abandoned D. mastered 46. A. displease B. satisfy C. explore D. improve 47. A. promised B. d

28、ecided C. complained D. remembered 48. A. reason B. deliver C. pump D. persuade 49. A. break up B. heat up C. come up D. wrap up 50. A. difference B. profit C. sense D. progress 51. A. greedy B. disappointed C. respectable D. envious 52. A. permanently B. logically C. temporarily D. surprisingly 53.

29、 A. because B. as C. but D. for 54. A. confident B. troublesome C. mistaken D. shy 55. A. changeable B. valid C. productive D. alternative 第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Canada Apprentice (学徒) Loan Basics The Canada Apprentice Loan is available to he

30、lp registered Red Seal apprentices cover the cost of their training. What you need to know The Government of Canada offers apprentices registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program up to $4,000 per period of technical training. You can get Canada Apprentice Loans for up to 5 periods of techn

31、ical training. Your loan will be interest-free for up to 6 years as long as you are confirmed as being registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program. You do not have to make any loan payments as long as your loan is in interest-free status. Eligibility A To be eligible, you must meet all of

32、these criteria: be a Canadian Citizen, Permanent Resident, or Protected Person; be registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program that is designated by the province or territory where you are registered as an apprentice; be enrolled in block release technical training or the equivalent full-t

33、ime technical training with an approved technical training provider; and pass a credit check (required if you are applying for the first time). You are not eligible if you: are a high school student; are an apprentice registered in the province of Quebec; are receiving a Canada Student Loan for the

34、same technical training; have been told that you are restricted from receiving a Canada Apprentice Loan or a Canada Student Loan; have already received funding for 5 periods of technical training; or have already received 6 years of interest-free status. 实用文档 文案大全 56. Who will fail to get Canada App

35、rentice Loans according to the passage? A. An apprentice who used to study in the province of Quebec. B. An apprentice who got the Canadian Citizenship three years ago. C. An apprentice who has been funded for technical training three times. D. An apprentice who is looking for an approved technical

36、training provider. 57. The purpose of the advertisement is intended to _. A. promote the business of Canadian banks B. help students in need complete their studies C. recruit more apprentices for Canadian companies D. provide apprentices with fund to receive technical training B In sports, sometimes

37、 a player has to take one for the team. The same appears to be true in the plant world, where reduced individual growth can benefit the broader community. The findings from the University of Michigan's Paul Glaum and André Kessler of Cornell University help explain the persistence (持续存在) of

38、 some plant communities when theory predicts they should go extinct(绝种的). “We looked at how chemical defense cues (信号) from plants, meant to prevent herbivores (食草动物), can also prevent pollinators,” said Glaum, a doctoral student in the U-M Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. “The surpri

39、sing model result is that while this can lead to fitness losses for individuals, the population effects can be positive for pollinators and plants under some circumstances.” Many plants, including the wild tomato species used in this study, produce chemical compounds to repel (排斥) insect pests and o

40、ther hungry herbivores. But those same chemical defenses can reduce the number of visits to the plant by pollinators such as bees, resulting in less pollination of individual plants and decreased growth. “Biologists have puzzled over how such a costly defense mechanism (机制) can be maintained in thes

41、e plant populations,” Glaum said. “How would a plant population with such a strategy persist?” Glaum and Kessler developed a computer model showing that decreased growth of individual plants can benefit overall populations and community resilience (恢复力) by indirectly controlling herbivore population

42、 growth. The results introduce mechanisms of persistence into communities previously found to be prone (易于遭受的) to extinction in theoretical models. 实用文档 文案大全 Tomatoes and other plants produce repellent chemicals called volatile (易挥发的) organic compounds in response to herbivore attacks. The presence

43、of these so-called herbivore-induced volatile organic compounds can make the plant less attractive to pollinators, which can reduce pollen deposition (沉淀物) and negatively affect individual plants, an effect known as herbivore-induced pollinator limitation. Previous modeling studies have looked at th

44、e direct effects of herbivory on a three-species community: flowering plant, pollinator and herbivore. Some of those studies predicted extinctions because growing herbivore populations would reduce the number of plants, limiting resources available to pollinators. In response, the pollinator populat

45、ion would decline, lowering plant reproduction. 58. According to the passage, the persistence of some plant communities may depend on _. A. chemical defenses of plants B. increased individual growth C. reduced chemical compounds D. defense mechanisms of pollinators 59. The underlined word pollinator

46、 in Paragraph 2 probably refers to _. A. a kind of insects that help plants reproduce B. a kind of animals that eat plants C. a process of forming a plant community D. a chemical that does harm to plants 60. Volatile organic compounds are _. A. less attractive to pollinators B. able to have negative

47、 effects on individual plants C. known as herbivore-induced pollinator limitation D. chemicals produced by plants to attract herbivores C Most of us are already aware of the direct effect we have on our friends and family. But we rarely consider that everything we think, feel, do, or say can spread

48、far beyond the people we know. Conversely (相反地), our friends and family serve as conduits (渠道) for us to be influenced by hundreds or even thousands of other people. In a kind of social chain reaction, we can be deeply affected by events we do not witness that happen to people we do not know. As par

49、t of a social network, we go beyond ourselves, for good or ill, and become a part of something much larger. Our connectedness carries with it fundamental implications (影响) for the way we understand the human condition. Social networks have value precisely because they can help us to achieve what we

50、could not achieve on our own. Yet, social-network effects are not always positive. Depression, obesity, financial panic, and violence also spread. Social networks, it turns out, tend to magnify (放大) whatever they are seeded with. Partly for this reason, social networks are creative. And what these n

51、etworks create does not belong to any one individualit is shared by all those in the network. In this way, a social network is like a commonly owned forest: we all stand to benefit from it, but we also must work together to ensure it remains healthy and productive. While social networks are fundamen

52、tally and distinctively human, and can be seen everywhere, they should not be taken for granted. If you are happier or richer or healthier than others, it may have a lot to do with where you happen to be in the network, even if you cannot recognize your own location. And it may have a lot to do with

53、 the overall structure of the network, even if you cannot control that structure at all. And in some cases, the process feeds back to the network itself. A person with many friends may become rich and then attract even more friends. This rich-get-richer dynamic means social networks can dramatically

54、 reinforce two different kinds of inequality in our society: situational inequality and positional inequality. Lawmakers have not yet considered the consequences of positional inequality. Still, understanding the way we are connected is an essential step in creating a more just society and in carryi

55、ng out public policies affecting everything from public health to the economy. We might be better off vaccinating (接种疫苗) centrally located individuals rather than weak individuals. We might be better off helping interconnected groups of people to avoid criminal behavior rather than preventing or pun

56、ishing crimes one at a time. If we want to understand how society works, we need to fill in the missing links between individuals. We need to understand how interconnections and interactions between people give rise to wholly new aspects of 实用文档 文案大全 human experience that are not present in the individuals themselves. If we do not understand social networks, we cannot hope to fully understand either ourselves or the world we inhabit. 61. What can be inferred from the first paragraph? A. We can't be easily affected by strangers. B. We are connected and form a social network.