最新初中过去完成时讲解练习及答案

1、精品资料欢迎下载过去完成时一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点概念： 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即 “过去的过去（past-in-the-past ）”。-|- |-|->那时以前那时构成：主语 +had+ 过去分词 （ p.p），其中had现在通用于各种人称。They had already had breakfastbefore they arrived at the hotel.She had finished writing the composition by 10 ： 00 this morning. 肯定句 ：主语 +had+过去分词 . 否定

2、句 ：主语 +had+not+ 过去分词 . 一般疑问句 ： Had+主语 +过去分词 ?肯定回答： Yes,主语 +had否定回答： No,主语 +hadn't 特殊疑问句 ：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（ Had+主语 +过去分词）？被动语态 ：主语 +had（ hadn't)+been+过去分词二、过去完成时的判断依据1. 由时间状语来判定一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：（ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night

3、.（ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of lastterm.（ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.2. 由 “过去的过去 ”来判定。过去完成时表示 “过去的过去 ”，是指 过去某一动作之前 已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：（ 1 ）宾语从句中当宾语从句的主句

4、为一般过去时， 且从句的动作先于主句的动作时， 从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如：She said that she had seen the film before.（ 2 ）状语从句中在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中， 主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如：精品资料欢迎下载When I got to the station, the train had already left.After he had finished his homework, he wen

5、t to bed.注意： before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若 主、从句表示的动作紧密相连， 则主、从句都用一般过去时。如：Where did you study before you came here?After he closed the door, he left the classroom.（ 3 ）表示意向的动词，如 hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示 " 原本 ，未能 "We had hoped th

6、at you would come, but you didn't.3. 根据上、下文来判定。I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.三、过去完成时的主要用法1. 过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在 “过去的过去 ”。如：When I woke up, it had stopped raining.我醒来时，雨已经停了。 （主句的动作发生在 “过去的过去 ”）2. 过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示

7、的是 “过去的过去 ”，只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它 。如：He told me that he had written a new book. (had written发生在 told 之前 )3. 过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用，它不能离开过去时间而独立存在 。此时多与 already ， yet ， still ， just ， before ， never 等时间副词及 by ， before ， until 等引导的短语或从句连用。如： Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a midd

8、le school forabout five years.Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.4. 过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在 过去某时之前已经开始， 一直延续到这一过去时间 ，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。如： By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years.（ had worked 已有了20 年，还有继续进行下去的可能）5. 过去完成时还可用在hardly when , n

9、o sooner than刚(就 ), It was the first (second, etc) time (that)等固定 句型 中。e.g： Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.他刚到就又走了。It was the third time thathe had been out of work that year.这是他那一年第三次失业了精品资料欢迎下载四、过去完成时与现

10、在完成时的区别现在完成时 表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关 ，其结构为 “助动词 have (has) + 过去分词 ”；过去完成时 则是一个相对的时态，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调 “过去的过去 ”，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。试比较：I have learned 1000 English words so far.到目前为止我已经学会了1000 个英语单词。I had learned 1000 English words till then.到那时为止我已经学会了1000 个英语单词。 I'm sorry to keep y

11、ou waiting. 对不起，让你久等了。 Oh, not at all. I have been here only a few minutes.没什么，我只等了几分钟。 （“等”的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在） John returned home yesterday.约翰昨天回到家的。 Where had he been?他去哪儿了？（答语中使用过去完成时是指约翰在returned home 之前去了哪些地方，即 “过去的过去 ”）练习一 单项选择1He asked me _ during the summer holidays.A. where I had been B. wher

12、e I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone2.What _ Jane _ by the time he was sever?A. did, doB. has,doneC did, did.D. had, done3.I _ 900 English words by the time I was ten。A. learnedB. was learningC. had learnedD. learnt4.She _ lived here for _ years.A. had, a fewB. has, severalC. had, a

13、lot ofD. has, a great deal of5.By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _ the dinner already.A had cookedB. cookedC. have cookedD. was cooked6.She said she _ the principle alreadyA .has seenB. sawC. will seeD. had seen7.She said her family_ themselves _ the army during the war.A. has hidden,

14、 fromB. had hidden, fromC. has hidden, with D. had hidden,with8. By the time he was ten years old, he _.A. has completed universityB. has completed the universityB. had completed an universityD. had completed university9. She had written a number of books _ the end of last year.A. forB. inC. byD. at

15、精品资料欢迎下载10.He _ to play _ before he was 11 years old.A had learned, pianoB. had learned, the pianoC. has learned, the pianoD. learns ,piano.11.What _ Annie _ by the time he was ten?A. did, doB. did, didC. has, doneD. had done12 .He _ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.A. has wo

16、rkedB. worksC. had workedD. will work13.By the end of last week, they _ the bridge.A. has completedB. CompletedC. will completeD. had completed14.Ben hates playing _ violin, but he likes playing _ football.A. a theB. the theC. / theD. the/15.By the time he was 4, he _ a lot of German words.A. had le

17、arnedB. has learnedC. learnedD. learns16 .Jim turned off the lights and then _ the classroom.A. was leftB. had leftC. has leftD. left17.They _ in Guangzhou since 2000.A. livedB. had livedC. have livedD. were living18.The train from Beijing_ ten minutes ago.A. has arrivedB. was arrivingC. arrivedD. h

18、ad arrived19.The students _ their classroom when the visitors arrived.A . havecleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned20.Fergie _ the project in one hour.A. have finishedB. will finishC. finishesD. has finished21.The man _ his coat and went out.A. put onB. had put onC. will put onD

19、. was putting on二用动词的适当形式填空1. We _ (paint) the house before we _ (move) in.2. That rich old man _ (make) a will before he _ (die).3. They _ (study) the map of the country before they_ (leave).4. The robbers _ (run away ) before the policemen_(arrive).5. I _ (turn off) all the lights before I _ (go)

20、to bed.6. Paul _ (go) out with Jane after he_ (make)a phone call.7. Tom _ (say) he _ (read) the book twice.8. Our plan _ (fail ) because we _ (make) a bad mistake.9. When the chairman _ (finish) speaking, he _ (leave)the hall.10.The Reads _ (have) lunch when I _ (get) to their house.11.When I _ (arr

21、ive) at the station, he _ (leave).12.We _ (learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term.13. I waited until he _ (finish) his homework.14. We were surprised at what she _already _(do)15.She _ (not go) to Qingdao because she _ (be) there before.三句型转换精品资料欢迎下载1I had sold the ticket when she came（.改否定句）2.She had sung a song to us before she danced（改.否定句）3.They began to climb the mountain after they had bought all the food and drinks（.否定）4.By 10:00 a.m, I had been very hungry.