解析高考英语长难句

1、解析高考英语解析高考英语 阅读中的长难句阅读中的长难句句子种类句子种类 简单句简单句 并列句并列句 复合句复合句长难句之朝花夕拾篇长难句之朝花夕拾篇( 1 ) We took pity on the people in the disaster-hit area in Yushu and many students raised money for them.( 2 ) Having suffered a number of health problems, former Olympic President Samaranch died on April 21 in Barcelona. (

2、3 ) The Internet is an exciting tool that not only puts vast information at your fingertips but expands options. a simple sentence a compound(复合） sentence a coordinate (并列）sentenceSamaranch died _ _m 结构分析法结构分析法明晰句子结构，把握句子的基本框架。明晰句子结构，把握句子的基本框架。 A.A.判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句； B.B.找出句子的主干成分找

3、出句子的主干成分( (主语和谓语主语和谓语) )，分清，分清句子附属成分，理解句子大意。句子附属成分，理解句子大意。 C C. .层层分析，层层剥离层层分析，层层剥离句句 子子判判 断断简单句简单句并列句并列句复合句复合句主主 干干并列连并列连词词从属连从属连词词 句子较长，一个从句套着另一个从句，环环句子较长，一个从句套着另一个从句，环环相扣。不管句子有多长有多复杂，它只由两部分相扣。不管句子有多长有多复杂，它只由两部分构成，即主干和修饰成分。构成，即主干和修饰成分。主干主干是整个句子的骨是整个句子的骨架，主要指架，主要指主谓宾结构或主系表结构主谓宾结构或主系表结构。而修饰成。而修饰成分在句

4、中只起修饰或补充主干的作用，它既可以分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用，它既可以是单词，也可以是短语，更常见的则是从句，尤是单词，也可以是短语，更常见的则是从句，尤其是定语从句和状语从句。其是定语从句和状语从句。 我们应通过仔细分析，将每个修饰成分划出来，我们应通过仔细分析，将每个修饰成分划出来，找出句子的主干，这样整个句子结构就清晰了。找出句子的主干，这样整个句子结构就清晰了。 Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost t

5、hree times the number hired last year, to help reduce unemployment pressures . 介词短语介词短语时间状语时间状语介词短语介词短语同位语同位语过去分词做定语过去分词做定语定语定语长难句之分门别类篇长难句之分门别类篇1.带有较多成分带有较多成分 的简单句的简单句不定式做状语不定式做状语Schools are expected to hire college graduates去枝叶去枝叶, 留主干。留主干。2.含有多个从句的复合句含有多个从句的复合句Whereas a womans closest female frie

6、nd might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage，it wasnt unusual to hear a man say that he didnt know that his friends marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.找从属连词找从属连词,分析从句分析从句, 理解句意。理解句意。 并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法 先读懂并列句，

7、再看主从复合句先读懂并列句，再看主从复合句 you ask people to name one person had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare”, “Samuel Johnson”, and “Webster”, none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man didnt even speak EnglishWilliam, the Conqueror.butIfwhowho3.含有插

8、入语的句子含有插入语的句子这种句子的特点是在正常的这种句子的特点是在正常的句子中句子中插入一些或长或短的插入一些或长或短的成分或句子成分或句子，比如，比如同位语（从句）、同位语（从句）、非限制性定语从句、状语从句、分词、插入语非限制性定语从句、状语从句、分词、插入语等等等等，打断读者的思路，割裂前后之间的语义，打断读者的思路，割裂前后之间的语义，造成理解上的困难。我们称之为造成理解上的困难。我们称之为“打岔打岔”。有。有时有时有逗号或破折号逗号或破折号分开，分开，忽略插入成分忽略插入成分,直奔句子主题直奔句子主题. The lack of right male (男性的男性的) role mo

9、dels in many of their livesat home and particularly in the school environment (环境环境)means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against.译文：在他们很多人的生活中，如在家里，尤译文：在他们很多人的生活中，如在家里，尤其是在学校，缺少合适的男性榜样，这就意味其是在学校，缺少合适的男性榜样，这就意味着他们只好对照自己的着他们只好对照自己的同龄人同龄人来评判自己。来评判自己。 Science has beco

10、me so important in the modern world, with its procedures so highly standardized and so widely accepted, that it is included among modern social institutions.随着科学研究程序达到高度标准化并被广随着科学研究程序达到高度标准化并被广泛接受，在当今世界上，科学已变得如此泛接受，在当今世界上，科学已变得如此重要，以至被纳入现代社会制度之中。重要，以至被纳入现代社会制度之中。 4. 成分省略成分省略 The magazine is male-tar

11、geting because young guys generally wont pick up a magazine that appears to be directed at females, whereas girls usually will.把握大意把握大意, 找出上文对应找出上文对应信息信息, 补充省略成分补充省略成分 Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups. 5. 倒装句倒装句确定主语确定主语, 调整语序调整语序

12、,把握大意把握大意. Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups. 5. 倒装句倒装句确定主语确定主语, 调整语序调整语序,把握大意把握大意.1.Mobile phone SIM cards which are put in the collars(项圈项圈) of elephants automatically send a text message when they get too close to farms, allowi

13、ng wildlife workers to drive them off rather than shoot them.2.I was discussing this problem recently with a colleague who had been beating his head against the wall for months trying to get a story about a mysterious “dark force” in cosmology(宇宙学宇宙学) past editors at New Yorker. 长难句之小试牛刀篇长难句之小试牛刀篇 _

14、 _ _ 长难句之长难句之 方法总结篇方法总结篇 1. 带有较多成分的简单句带有较多成分的简单句-去枝叶，留主干。去枝叶，留主干。2.含有多个从句的复合句含有多个从句的复合句 -找从属连词找从属连词,分析从句分析从句, 理解句意。理解句意。3.含有插入成分的句子含有插入成分的句子 -忽略插入成分忽略插入成分, 直奔句子主题。直奔句子主题。4. 倒装句倒装句-确定主语确定主语, 调整语序调整语序, 把握大意。把握大意。5. 成分省略成分省略 -把握大意把握大意, 找出对应信息找出对应信息, 补充省略成分。补充省略成分。分析：分析：是状语从句，是状语从句，是主句，是主句，是是withwith引导的

15、介词短语作状语，修饰谓引导的介词短语作状语，修饰谓语。这样，把整个句子划为语。这样，把整个句子划为3 3个意群，可个意群，可以大大提高阅读速度。以大大提高阅读速度。 When two cars travelling at 30 mh hit each other， an unbelted driver would meet the windshieldwith a force equal to diving headfirst into the ground from a height of 10 meters.1. 意群阅读法意群阅读法2.剥丝抽茧法剥丝抽茧法先跳读修饰成分或附加成分，找出句子的主干并理解其意义；然后再分层理解修饰成分或附加成分。如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的主从复合句，可这样处理：