初中英语总复习资料——七年级(人教版)

1、初中英语总复习资料七年级(人教版) 学校英语总复习资料七班级(人教版) 学校英语总复习资料七班级(人教版) 一学问网络 【重点内容概要】 1元音字母在重读开音节、闭音节中的读音。 2常用的日常交际用语。 3人称代词，物主代词、指示代词及基数词。 4动词be(am，is，are)的用法及人称代词，名词的数的全都性， 5一些表示方位、地点介词的用法 6名词全部格。my fathers watch the pic of billy billys pictures 7，冠词a，an，the的基本用法。 8以what、where、who、whose、which、how等引导的疑问句和一般疑问句以及它们

2、的回答 9能敏捷运用人称代词的主格和宾格 10把握可数名词和不行数名词的用法，以及与其搭配使用的相关修饰词 11there be句型以及与have(has)的运用及区分。 12动词的现在进行时和一般现在时的运用。 13祈使句的确定、否定形式 14常用的句型及交际用语。 15人称代词主格和宾格的使用。 16可数名词和不行数名词的运用 17常用的句型。 18现在进行时和一般现在时的使用。 【句型、词组精讲】 words and expressions 1. excuse, me. / im sorry. 这两个句子是会话时常用客套语。 1）excuse me. 表示“劳驾”，“请问”，“请原谅”，

3、“对不起”，“打搅一下”等意思，多用于 句首，主要用于在恳求别人帮忙时用。如： excuse me, is this watch yours? excuse me. how can i get to the station? 2）im sorry. 或sorry. 一般用于听到别人的不幸或做了对不起别人的事情表示圆满或向其 赔礼，或不能够给对方供应信息或关心时的场合。如： im sorry im late. im sorry to hear your mother is ill. sorry, i cant go with you. sorry, i wont do that again. 2

4、. its / its 1）its是it is的缩写形式，意思是“那是”。 2) its是it的物主代词，具有形容词的性质，作定语，意思是“它的”。如：this is a bird. its name is polly. 这是一只鸟，它的名字叫波莉。its a cat. can you spell its name? 那是一只猫， 你能拼出它的名字吗？ 3. listen/ hear 1）listen意为“听”，强调听的动作，当后接听的对象时要加to。如：listen! who is talking? 听！谁在讲话？were listening to the teacher. 我们正在听老师讲

5、课。 学校英语总复习资料七班级(人教版) 2）hear意为“听到”，强调听的结果。如：im listening to the teacher, but i cant hear him. 我正在听老师讲课，但我听不见他讲的话。 4. notat all/ not at all 1) not at all意为“根本不 ，一点也不 ”，not放在助动词之后。如：he doesnt study hard at all. 他学习一点也不仔细。 2) not at all. 意为“不用谢”、“没关系”，回答对方的感谢、赔礼时用语。如：“thank you very much.” “not at all.”

6、 “特别感谢。”“不用谢。” 5. speak/ say / tell/ talk 这四个词都有“说”之意。 1）speak强调说话的力量和方式，后常接说的某种语言。如：do you speak english? 你讲英 语？ 2）say强调说的内容。如：what is he saying? 他在说什么？ 3）tell意为“告知”，后常接双宾语或复合宾语。如：let me tell you a story. 让我给你们讲 个故事吧。 the teacher often tells us to study hard. 老师常常叫我们努力学习。 4）talk为不及物动词，构成短语talk with

7、, talk to, talk about等。如：what are they talking about? 他们正在谈论什么？ 6. old/ age old（指年龄），表示“ 岁的”意思，常和how 一起构成疑问句。如：how old are you? 你 多大？ age是“年龄”的意思，通常和what一起构成特别疑问句。如：what age is he? 或whats his age? 他多大了？ old people aged people 介词+名词归纳 1in+语言：表示用什么语言或用什么语言说（或写）。如：whats this in english? he is writing a

8、 letter to his father in chinese. 2in pairs意为“成双地”，“成对地”，“两人一组”。如：please ask and answer in pairs. 3in the wall 表示在墙里面。如：there is a hole in the wall. 假如表示在墙的表面或墙上， 用on the wall。如：she put a map of china on the wall. 4at work意为“在工作”，work前不加the。类似这样的词组还有at home（在家），at school （上学），at table（就餐）等。 5by+交通工具

9、：表示“乘 ”。如： by bike= on the bike by train= on the train, by boat= on the boat by plane / air = on the plane, by ship/sea= on the ship by car = in the car, by bus =in the bus等。 但：步行则用on foot来表达。 6on ones way 表示“在去 的途中”。如： he found a dog walking in the street on his way home. on ones way to school 在某人上

10、学的途中 on ones way back 在某人返回的途中 7on duty表示“值日”。如：whos on duty today? 今日谁值日？i am on duty. 我值日。 动词+介词副词结构 1动词+介词结构。 这类词组无论其宾语是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。如： 学校英语总复习资料七班级(人教版) look after= take care of 照看，照料 look like 看上去像 look at 看 be worried about 对 担忧 come from =be from 来自 get to 到达 work on 从事，操作 turn on(off)打开，（

11、关掉） come into 进入 2动词+副词结构 这类词组后接宾语时，宾语假如是名词既可放在动词与副词之间，也可放在副词之后；假如 是人称代词，多放在动词和副词之间。如： hand up 举起手来 put on 穿上；挂上（贴上） take off 脱掉 put away 把 放好；把 收起来 there be和to have句型 这两个句型都表示“有”的意思。there be表示“存在”的关系，to have侧重“所属关系”。 如： there are forty students in our class. we have a happy family. 使用there be和to ha

12、ve句型时还应留意以下几点： 1there be句型中的就近全都原则。即be的形式与靠近它的主语全都。如： there is a table and two chairs in the room. there are four chairs and a table in the room. 2就there be句型中的主语提问时，往往把there这个引导词省掉。如： there is a book on the desk. （就划线部分提问） whats on the desk? 3当表示某物属于另一物中不行分割的一部分时，往往用to have句型。如：桌子有四条腿。 the table ha

13、s four legs. 4美国英语常用have got表示“有”。如：they have got an english-chinese dictionary. 二考试热点 1人称代词和物主代词的运用 2疑问词的正确运用。 3be与主语的数的全都性 4介词的常见用法 5人称代词的主格和宾格 6现在进行时和一般现在时。主要题型有用所给词的适当形式填空、交际运用。 7交际运用 三重、难点突破 1代词的正确运用，疑问词的运用及be的使用。在运用代词时，我们应从所替代名词的数、 性别着手，并依据它在句中的位置来确定是主格还是宾格，是用名词性物主代词还是形容词 性物主代词详细来说，在主语的位置用主格；在

14、动词、介词或副词后作宾语时，要用宾格而 形容词性物主代词后面要带名词 2疑问词的使用则要依据疑问词能作什么成分，是问时间、地点，颜色，人还是物等以及 其答语来做出选择 3be的使用要看主语是单数名词、不行数名词、还是复数名词来确定。主要题型有用所给 词的适当形式填空、交际运用。 4正确区分可数名词和不行数名词非常重要。不行数名词作主语时，谓语要用单数，而可 数名词又有单复数之分。一般地，many、a fewfew只修饰可数名词，much、a littlelittle 学校英语总复习资料七班级(人教版) 只修饰不行数名词，而some、any、a lot of、lots“两者均可修饰。 5现在进行

15、时的使用关键在于其构成和依其常用的时态标志词，如look、listen，now等来 推断一般现在时的难点在其疑问、否定的变化和当主语为单数第三人称时其谓语动词的变 化。现在以work为例来看看一般现在时的句式变化规律。 he works every day he doesn't work every day does he work every day? 即一般变化规律(留意：谓语动词为行为动词或连系动词时；be型不在此例) 主语+谓语十其他 否定，主语+don'tdoesn't+谓语动词原形+其他 疑问：dodoes主语+谓语动词原形+其他? 总之，这两种时态的正确使

16、用关键在于用法和常用时间状语。 四典型例题 【考题导析】 例1 语音题：选出划线部分的读音与其他三个划线部分读音不同的单词。 (1)a. lake b. cat c. take d. cake (2)a. bed b. desk c. she d. let (3)a. fish b. fine c. nice d.time (4)a. box b. hot c. shop d. home 分析：此题考查元音字母在重读开音节、闭音节中的读音。关键之处是同学对重读开音节、 闭音节要了解。(1)小题的a、b、c、d中只有b是闭音节，a发 音，其余都是开音节，a 发ei音。(2)小题c为开音节，e发i

17、:音，其余都是闭音节，e发e音。(3)小题a为闭音节， i发i音，其余都是开音节，i发ai音。(4)小题d为开音节，o发 音，其余都是闭音节，。 发 音。 例2 选择填空 a. _ pencil-box is this, patrick? b. its _. a. whose, mine b. whos, mine c. whose, my d. whos my 分析：此题考查疑问词的正确使用及两种物主代词的用法。首先要分清whose 与whos 的读音相同，但含义不同。whose“谁的”who“是谁”“谁是 ”依据题意，询问“铅 笔盒是谁的？”那么答案从a和c中选择。而形容词性的物主代词要用

18、于名词之前，名词 性物主代词相当于一个形容词性的物主代词和名词，故此题答案为a。 例3 i found the bottle in _ room. a. sara and kate b. saras and kate's c. sara's and kate d. sara and kate's 分析：此题考查名词全部格。英语中表示所属，在人名后加上s，但两人共有一物，只在 最终一人名后加s。故此题答案为d。 例4 jack and tom are _. a. good friends b .good friend c. a good friend d. good a

19、friend 分析：此题考查名词的数与be动词的全都性。jack和tom是两人，谓语是are, 故伴侣“friend” 一词应加s，所以答案为a。 例5 1)whos that? _. a. i'm tom speaking b. my name is tom 学校英语总复习资料七班级(人教版) c. tom speak d. this is tom speaking 2)_? this is mr. smith speaking now. a. who are you b. who's that c. who are you calling d. what do you wa

20、nt to say 分析：此两题考查英语打电话的交际用语。打电话中问对方是谁，要说“whos that?”，不能说“who are you?”。而回答“我是 ”要说this is , 不能说i am 。故答案为1) d 2) b。 例6 lily, it's linda's birthday tomorrow. oh yes. i will buy _ a big birthday cake. a. him b. you c. her d. it 分析：此题考查人称代词的正确使用。依据语境分析，预备给linda买蛋糕，由于linda是女孩的名字，故要用“她”一词来代替，而用于动

21、词后的人称代词要用宾格，所以正确答案为c。 例7 is this cake for_? a. i b. my c. me d. mine 分析：此题同样考查人称代词用于介词之后应用宾格这一用法，所以c答案为正确的。 例8 listen! someone_ in the next room. a. cry b. is crying c. are crying d. crying 分析：此题有一关键词listen，提示此处应用现在进行时态填空。而someone作主语时，谓语用单数形式，故答案为b。 例9 how many _ do you want? a. glasses of milk b. g

22、lass of milks c. glasses of milks d. milks 分析：此题有两处应当留意：一是不行数名词无复数形式；二是how many与可数名词的复数形式搭配。所以此题正确答案为a。 例10 there _ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk. a. is a b. are some c. has a d. have some 分析：英语中“有”可以用there be结构和have/has，但两者用法不同。there be表示存在有，即“某地有 ”；而have/ has表示全部，即“某人(物)有 ”。此题

23、的on the desk表明某地有，c、d则不能选。而依据there be句型中主谓全都、就近的原则，pencil-box没有用复数形式。故答案选a。 例11 thatcoat. it's a. yours，tom's b. your, tom，x c your，tom d. yours，tom 分析：此题考查代词和名词全部格的用法。名词性物主代词相当于一个形容词性物主代词加上一个名词，故由第一空可排解a、d两项，又由句竟“它是汤姆的上衣”知，应选b 解后反思 依据句意和所处位置来确定代词是解题的关键。 例12 一this is a photo of when they wer

24、e young 一ok，how happy they both looked amy father and mother b. my mother and father's cmy mother's and father's d. my father's and my mother 分析：此题考查名词的全部格，a、d不合全部格用法，故可以排解。又由题意可知这张相片是共有的，故选b 解后反思 英语中名词表示所属，在人名后加s，如两人共有一物，则在最终一人名后加s，若为两人各自全部的，则在两人名后分别加s 例13 - where my money？i can'

25、;t find it. look! some money under your chair 学校英语总复习资料七班级(人教版) a. there has b. there are c there is d lt's 分析: 此题明显考查there be句型。there be句型中be的数要实行就近原则，即be的效由离它最近的主语来打算，本题主语some money是不行数名词，故谓语要用单数，所以选c， 解后反思 在there be句型中不会消失have的各种形式。 例14 can i get you a drink? that's very nice of you. i

26、9;ve already got_. a. it b. one c. that d. this 分析：此题考查这四个指示代词的用法。当被替代的名词前有修饰语时，要用one或ones。当替代不行数名词时不能用one，只用that。而it替代同类事物中的同一件事物。this是近指，往往替代即将要说的，且that，this，it前均不带修饰语，故此题选b。 例15 i'm thirstyi want to buy a. two bottles of oranges b. two bottles of orange c. two bottle of oranges dtwo bottle of

27、 orange 分析：此题考查不行敷名词的计量表达法。oranges是橘子之意，明显与thirsty不符，故a、c可排解，d也不行，选b。 解后反思 orange是多义词，当“橘汁”讲时，是不行数名词，当“橘子”讲是可数名词不行数名词的量化常用“数词+量词+of+不行数名词”结构，当数量超过一时，量词应用复数，如本题b 例16 look! the boys happily in the river a. swim b. swam c. will swim d. are swimming 分析：此题考查谓语的时态。由look这一关键词可知，此处应用现在进行时，故答案为d 解后反思 谓语动词的时态

28、是由时间状语、示意词或上下文来确定的，它的数由主语打算。所以，做这种题，要纵观全局。 例17 kate has lost keys，so she asks for help a. her，mine b. hers，me c。hers，i d. her，me 分析：此题考查代词的用法。由前空所处位置知该空应填形容词性物主代词，而后句意为“她向 寻求关心”即asks sb. for help。故后空应填代词宾格。故选d， 解后反思 作宾语的代词要用宾格，而作定语的代词要用形容词性物主代词。 【正误例析】 1那个男孩是谁？ 误：whose that boy? 正：whos that boy? 析：w

29、hose和whos虽然发音一样，但在句子中的功能却大不相同。前者表示“谁的”，作定语用，后者表示“是谁”，是系表结构。（有时whos也可作主谓结构）。如： whose book is this? whos that girl over there? whos talking in the next room? 2这条裤子是我的。 误：this trouser is mine. 正：this pair of trousers is mine. the trousers are mine. 析：某物假如是由两个对称的部分组成的，该物应用复数形式。如shoes, glasses, compasses

30、（圆规）等。假如表示“一条 ，一双 ，一副 ”等时，往往用a(this, that)pair of+该物。这一结构作主语时谓语动词用单数。假如前面与物主代词或名词全部格连用作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如： that pair of glasses is hers. 学校英语总复习资料七班级(人教版) my shoes are black. 3请把你的自行车借给我。 误：please borrow your bike to me. 正：please lend your bike to me. please lend me your bike. 析：lend sth. to sb. / lend s

31、b. sth.意为“把某物借给某人”，即从物主那儿借出去。borrow sth. from sb.意为“从某人那儿借来某物”。 五强化训练 i单词拼写 a）按要求写出下列单词的适当形式。 1. family（复数） _ 2. my（名词性物主代词）_ 3. swim（现在分词）_ 4. meet（同音词）_ 5. short（反义词）_ 6. study（第三人称单数）_ 7. friend (形容词) _ 8. question（同义词）_ 9. they（宾格）_ 10. boys（全部格形式）_ b）依据句意及首字母提示，补全单词 11. the bottle is e_. i want

32、 a full one. 12. in the classroom there are many pictures on the t _desk. 13. may i borrow your dictionary? of c_. here you are. 14. he likes t_ by train, because its cheap and safe. 15. tom is at the door of the classroom. but it is l_. he cant open it. c）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 16. li ning can speak_(eng

33、lish). 17. there are three _ (knife) on the table. 18. were doing _ (we) homework at home. 19. the school gate is _ (close) now. 20. you can eat_ (difference) kinds of food in that restaurant. ii选择填空 21. _ girl has _ apple. _ apple is big and red. a. an, an, the b. the, an, the c. a, a, an d. the, a

34、n, an 22. these are _ cups. _ are over there. a. our, yours b. yours, mine c. his, our d. their, your 23. i often go to school_. what about you? i often _ to school. a. by bus, ride a bike b. by a bus, ride a bike c. by a bus, by a bike d. by bus, ride bike 24. this is lucys pen. please _. a. give h

35、er to it b. give her it c. give it to her d. give it her 25. _ that? i think _ han mei. a. whos, its b. whose, its c. whos, its d. whose, its 26. i have two pens. one is blue, _ is black. a. other b. others c. the other d. another 27. your english is very good. _. a. yes, youre right b. thank you 学校

36、英语总复习资料七班级(人教版) c. thats right d. no, its not good 28. your coat is here. please _. a. put on them b. put them on c. put on it d. put it on 29. _ do you like about beijing? the people, and the food. a. how b. where c. which d. what 30. _ she _ a computer? a. is, have b. is, has c. does, has d. does,

37、 have 31. lets go and _. a. play football b. play the football c. play a football d. to play football 32. nice to meet you. _. a. nice to see you. b. hello, how are you? c. nice to meet you, too. d. thank you very much. 33. whats wrong _ your bike? its broken. a. with b. on c. for d. about 34. its s

38、even oclock. kate _ supper now. a. have b. has c. are having d. is having 35. who is the woman in the car? she is _ mother. a. kates and marys b. kate and marys c. kate and mary d. kates and mary 36. you like _ basketball. would you like _ a new one? a. play, buying b. to play, buy c. to play, buyin

39、g d. playing, to buy 37. _ ? id like a pair of shoes. please show me the white pair. a. can i help you b. what do you do c. what are you doing d. will you please help me 38. very nice _ to you. a. talk b. talking c. talks d. to talk 39. what does he _ at the meeting? a. say b. tell c. talk d. speak

40、40. _? its five oclock. a. what day is it, please b. whats the name, please c. whats the time, please d. whats this, please iii动词应用 41. my father _ (get) up at 5:30 every morning. 42. its time_ (have) classes. lets go. 43. _ (not be) late for school again. 44. would you like something _(eat)? 45. i

41、can help you _ (carry) the heavy box. 46. look! they _ (play) games over there. 47. what _ wang fang _ (do)? she is a teacher. 48. what about _ (watch) tv now? 49. there _ (be) an english book and two chinese books on the desk. 50. how long _ it _ (take) you to get to your home? 学校英语总复习资料七班级(人教版) iv

42、句型转换。 51. she does her homework in the evening. （改为一般疑问句） _ she _ her homework in the evening? 52. there is some milk in the bottle. （改为否定句） there _ _ milk in the bottle. 53. do they work in a factory? （改为现在进行时） _ they _ in a factory? 54. she often goes to school by bike. （对划线部分提问） _ _ she often go

43、to school? 55. you cant take off your coat. （改为祈使句） _ _ your coat off. 56. whats your father, lucy? （改为同义句） what _ your father _, lucy? 57. the girl behind the house is my sister. （对划线部分提问） _ _ the girl behind the house? 58. id like an apple.（用an orange改为选择疑问句） _ you like an apple _ an orange? 59. t

44、here are some trees near the school. （对划线部分提问） _ _ near the school? 60. why dont you get up at six in the morning? （改为同义句） _ _ get up at six in the morning? v补全对话 a: what are you doing? b: im looking for my pen. but i _61_ find it. a: you can borrow mine. b: thanks a lot. but i must _62_ one in the

45、shop. a: _63_ shop? b: the one over there. could you go with_64_? a: certainly. b: _65_ can i do for you? a: i want a pen, please. b: ok. _66_ you _67_. a: thank you. _68_ _69_ is it? b: its four yuan. is that_70_? a: yes. thank you. good-bye! b: bye. vi完形填空。 mike and jack are monks（和尚）. mike is short and fat. jack is tall and thin. they _71_ brothers but they live _72_ same room. every morning they go out _73_ food. one day, they go out for food very _74_ . they are on a road to a village. there arent any men on the road. the