上海高考英语语法复习14虚拟语气

1、虚拟语气虚拟语气高三英语语法复习十四高三英语语法复习十四if虚拟条件句形式虚拟条件句形式 从句从句主句主句与过去事实相反与过去事实相反与现在事实相反与现在事实相反与将来事实相反与将来事实相反had donewould/should/might/could have donedid (were)would/should/might/could do1)2)3)would/should/might/could dodid (were)should dowere to don如果他们没有停工的话，那个新机场去年就已经建成如果他们没有停工的话，那个新机场去年就已经建成了。了。nif they _ wo

2、rking on the new airport, it _ last year.n要是人类长有两个翅膀，那么出租车司机可定要失业要是人类长有两个翅膀，那么出租车司机可定要失业了。了。nif man _, taxi drivers _.had not stoppedwould have been completedhad two wingswould certainly lose their jobsn假如明天下雨，运动会就会被推迟。假如明天下雨，运动会就会被推迟。nif it _ t o m o r r o w , t h e s p o r t s m e e t _.should rai

3、n/were to rain/ rainedwould be put off省略省略if倒装句倒装句 nshould i meet her, i would tell her. =nwere i in your position, i would do it better. = nhad he seen you yesterday, he would have returned your book. =if i should meet her, i would tell her.if i were in your position, i would do it better.if he had

4、 seen you yesterday, he would have returned your book.归纳：归纳：n在if虚拟条件句从句中，若含有助动词_, 可以与主语_。should, were, had倒装倒装混合虚拟：（从句表示过去，主句表示现在）混合虚拟：（从句表示过去，主句表示现在） n如果你在课堂上认真听过了老师的解释，你现在翻译这首诗歌就不会有困难了。nif you _ attentively in class, you _ the poem now.had listened to the teachers explanationwouldnt have difficult

5、y translating含蓄虚拟句含蓄虚拟句 n（1）but for the storm, we should have arrived earlier.n_ 我们早就到了。n（2）without your help, they might have died.n_ 他们可能已经死了。n（3）i was busy last week. otherwise, i would have come to see you. n（=i would have come to see you last week, but i was busy.）要不是暴风雨要不是暴风雨没有你帮忙没有你帮忙否则否则但是我当

6、时太忙了但是我当时太忙了should 型虚拟型虚拟n在表示在表示_等这类词后面的名词等这类词后面的名词性从句中，要用性从句中，要用_。n必背：必背：n两个命令：两个命令：order, commandn四个建议：四个建议：propose, suggest, recommend, advisen六个要求：六个要求：insist, demand, desire, request, require, ask命令，建议，要求命令，建议，要求虚拟语气虚拟语气insist 和和 suggestyour pale face suggests that you _ (be) ill.he insisted th

7、at he _ (not, steal) the wallet.归纳：当suggest表示“_”，insist表示“_”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。the doctor insisted that the patient _ (be) seriously ill and _ (operate) on at once. aredidnt steal注意：注意：暗示，表明暗示，表明坚持认为坚持认为was(should) be operated主语从句中的虚拟主语从句中的虚拟nit is necessary that some immediate effort _ (make) 应该nit is es

8、sential that the program _ (load) into computer. 应该nshe thinks it of great importance that a person _ (be) honest. 应该nit is surprising that he _ (learn) so much in such a short time. 竟然nit is a pity that henry _ (be) so careless. 竟然should be made.should be loadedshould beshould have learntshould bew

9、ish 型型与过去事实相反与过去事实相反与现在事实相反与现在事实相反与将来事实相反与将来事实相反had donedid (were)would/could do填写句子填写句子n我希望我昨天来过。我希望我昨天来过。ni wishn我希望我是一个超人。我希望我是一个超人。ni wish n我希望有一天我能登上月亮。我希望有一天我能登上月亮。ni wishi had come yesterday. i were a superman.i would land on the moon some day.wish型型nif only= 但愿；要是但愿；要是就好了就好了nas if/though 好像（

10、从句时态同好像（从句时态同wish从句）从句）i wish其他虚拟句其他虚拟句n1. it is (high) time that the children _ (go) to bed.n2. i would rather you _ (pay) the money yourself now. (_的愿望) i would rather she _ (paint) the wall green next time. (_的愿望) i would rather she _ (not do) that last time. (_的愿望)should go/went paidhadnt done现在

11、现在将来将来过去过去paintedn3. “本打算本打算” i _ (visit) you, but i had an unexpected visitor. 表示没有实现的愿望和打算：表示没有实现的愿望和打算：nhad hoped/expected/intended/meant/wanted/planned to do =hoped/ expected/intended/meant/wanted/planned to have done nwas/were to have donehad planned to visit其他虚拟句其他虚拟句4. 情态动词情态动词+have doneshould have done=ought to have done _shouldnt have done=oughtnt to have done _could have done _might have done _neednt have done _（区别：didnt need to do _）本来应该做而没做本来应该做而没做 本不该做却做了本不该做却做了 本来能够做但没做本来能够做但没做(没发挥应有能力没发挥应有能力) 本来可以做但没做（由于客观原因