高考英语介词考点

1、一、考查热点介词的用法例 1： When do we need to pay the balance? _ September 30.（ 2006 北京卷）A. InB. ByC. DuringD. Within析： B。由语境逻辑可知，该空表示“到为止”。例 2： This new model of car is so expensive that it is _ the reach of those with averageincomes.（ 2006 江苏卷）A. overB. withinC. beyondD. below析：C。soexpensive 暗示该空表示“超出之外”。例 3

2、： In order to change attitudes _ employing women, the government is bringing in new laws.（ 2004 北京春季卷）A. aboutB. ofC. towardsD. on析：C。该空表示“对的（态度）”。二、考查“动词+介词”短语的区别“动词 +介词”短语是最常见的介词短语，高考对其考查有下列几种可能性：（1）考查“动词（不同）+介词（不同） ”短语的区别。例 1： The building around the corner caught fire last night. The police are

3、now _ the matter.（2006 湖北卷）A. seeing throughC. looking intoB. working outD. watching over析：C。由主语和宾语之间的语境逻辑可以推出该空表示“调查”，因此应填looking into。see through 看透； work out 解出； watch over 守卫，保护。例 2： The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.Don t worry. We have already _ two thirds of it.A. got do

4、wnB. got throughC. given inD. given away（2006四川卷）析：B 。Dont worry. 与 already 之间的语境逻辑暗示该空表示“完成”，因此应填got through 。get down 下来，取下，写下；give in 屈服； give away 赠送，泄露，分配。（2）考查“动词（相同）+介词（不同） ”短语的区别take, make, pick, turn, go, get, set, put, give, leave, keep, cut, call, pull 等动词构成的不同介词短语是高考考查的重点。例 1： With no on

5、e to _ in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless. （ 2006 陕西卷）A. turn toB. turn onC. turn offD. turn over析： A。 helpless 暗示该空表示“求助” ，因此应填turn to 。turn on 打开； turn off 关掉； turnover 翻开。例 2： The Internet has brought _ big changes in the way we work.A. aboutB. outC. backD. up（ 2005 北京春季卷）析：A

6、 。主语和宾语间的逻辑性暗示该空表示“带来”，因此应用bring about 。bring out拿出；bring back 归还，使记起，使恢复；bring up 吐出，抚养。（3）考查“动词（不同）+介词（相同） ”短语的区别由同一介词、 不同动词组成的介词短语也是历年高考考查的重点。备考时应重点注意out, for,up, into, off, on, in, through, to等活跃介词构成的“动词+介词”短语。例 1：This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can _ my father.（ 2005湖北卷）

7、A. find outB. pick outC. look outD. speak out析： B。was taken a long time ago 暗示该空表示“挑选” ，因此应填 pick out 。 find out 找出，发现； look out 当心； speak out 直言不讳地说。例 2： Could you please tell me where you bought the shoes you _ yesterday?（2005 辽宁卷）A. tried onC. had onB. put onD. pulled on析：C。 “你可以告诉我你昨天穿着的那双鞋是在哪里买

8、的吗？”try on 试穿；put on穿上（表动作） ； have on 穿着（表状态） ；pull on 很快穿上。三、考查“介词 +名词 /代词”短语的用法“介词 +名词 /代词”是常见的介词短语，主要由by, for, in, on 等活跃介词 +名词 /代词构成。例 1： I would like a job which pays more, but _ I enjoy the work Im doing at the momen（2006 浙江卷）A. in other wordsB. on the other handC. for one thingD. as a matter

9、of fact析： B。but 暗示该空表示“另一方面” ，因此应填 on the other hand。in other words 换言之； for one thing 首先，举个例说； as a matter of fact 实际上。例 2： No one helped me. I did it all _ myself. （ 2005 全国卷 I 、 II ）A. forB. byC. fromD. to析： B。No one helped me.暗示该空表示 “独立地”，因此应用by oneself 短语。for oneself为某人自己，亲自；to oneself 独用地，在心中。

10、四、考查“介词 +名词 +介词”短语的区别“介词 +名词 +介词”也是常见的介词短语，开头介词多为in, for, at, by 等活跃介词。例1 ：Mysisterwasagainstmysuggestionwhilemybrotherwas_it.（2006 陕西卷）A. in favour ofC. in honour ofB. in memory ofD. in search of析：A 。 while的对比性语境逻辑暗示该空应填against 的反义词，表示“赞成”，因此应填in favour of。in memory of为纪念； in honour of为纪念，为向表示敬意， 为

11、庆祝； in searchof 寻找。例 2： John became a football coach in Sealion Middle School _ the beginning of March.（ 2005 上海卷）A. onB. forC. withD. at析：D。 at the beginning of 在一开始。五、考查对“be+形容词 +介词”短语的识别“be+形容词 +介词”短语中，形容词多半表示人的心理，介词多为with, of, about, to, for, in等活跃介词。例： You know, Bob is a little slow _under-stan

12、ding, so. So I have to be patient _ him. （ 2005 重庆）A. in; withB. on; withC. in; toD. at; for析：A 。 be slow in 在（方面）迟钝；be patient with 对耐心。六、考查对介词式插入语的区别由介词 in 构成的插入语一向是高考考查的重点，常见的有in fact, in turn, in return, in general,in a word, in other words, in one s opinion 等。例： A clean environment can help the

13、 city bid for the Olympics, which _ willpromote itseconomic development.（2006 山东卷）A. in natureB. in returnC. in turnD. in fact析： C。由语境逻辑可以推出该空表示“反过来”，因此应填in turn 。in nature 性质上；in return作为报答； in fact 实际上。七、考查对with 引导的独立结构的识别with+ 名词 /代词 +不定式 /现在分词 /过去分词 /形容词 /副词 / 介词均可构成独立主格结构。该结构在句中作状语，其中不定式强调未来动作，

14、动动作。例1 ： Itwasapitythatthegreat现在分词强调动作正在进行，过去分词强调被writerdied_hisworksunfinished.(2004福建卷)A. forB. withC. fromD. of析：B 。由语境逻辑和句子结构可知，his works unfinished结构作伴随状语，因此前面可加with 。为“名词 +过去分词”独立主格例 2： _ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.(2004北京卷 )A. WithB. BesidesC. As forD.

15、Because of析： A 。two exams to worry about构成名词 +不定式独立主格结构作原因状语，表示未来动作，因此该空应填with 。八、考查对介词+关系代词which+ 不定式结构的识别“介词 +关系代词which+ 不定式”常作后置定语，表示“在往往为不定式所表示动作的地点或工具。/用可的” ，被修饰名词例：Frank s dream was to have his own shop _ to produce the workings of his own hands.（ 2005 湖南卷）A. thatC. by whichB. in whichD. how析：

16、B 。该空表示“在里面可的”，因此应填in which ，构成“介词+关系代词which+不定式结构”作后置定语。九、考查对介词 +关系代词 which/whom 引导的定语从句的识别介词 +关系代词 which/whom 可引导定语从句。解题时可将定语从句与先行词连成一句，缺什么介词就由什么介词 +which/whom 引导定语从句。例 1： I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was，shehad run back in the direction _ she had c

17、ome.(2006 重庆卷 )A. of whichB. by whichC. in whichD. from which析： D 。定语从句与先行词可连成she had come from the direction ，因此该空应填from which引导定语从句。例 2： She was educated at Beijing University, _ she went on to have her advanced study abroad. (2006 陕西卷 )A. after whichB. from whichC. from thatD. after that析： A 。定语从句与先行词可连成she went on to have her advanced study abroad after she waseducated at Beijing Univer