Unit5Whataretheshirtsmadeof词汇拓展、短语集锦、必背句子、知识讲解、语法详解、练习一应俱全

1、Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?1、 词汇拓展：1. 银；银色的_2. 棉，棉花_3. 钢，钢铁_4. 展览会，交易会_5. 有关环境的_ n._6. 叶，叶子_ pl._7. 生产，制造，出产_ n._8. 广泛地，普遍地_9. 加工，处理；过程_ 三单_10. 包装，装箱_11. 当地的，本地的_12. 品牌，牌子_13. 避免，回避_14. 可移动的，非固定的_15. 表面，表层_16. 材料，原料_17. 交通，车辆_18. 手套_19. 国际的_ n._20. 形式，类型_21. 庆典，庆祝活动_ v._22. 剪刀_23. 生气勃勃的_24.

2、热，高温；加热_ adj._25. 磨光，修改，润色_ 三单_26. 完成_2、 重点短语：1.be made of 2.be made from3.be made in 4.be made by 5.be made into 6.be made with 7.be famous for = be well-known for = be widely known for8. be famous as. = be well-known as = be widely known as9.both in the past and now 10.as far as I know, 11.on the

3、sides of mountains 12.by hand 13.be good for14.be good at 15.be good with 16.search for 17.avoid doing something 18.everyday things 19.high-technology products 20.get better at doing something 21.in all parts of the world22.on the last Friday of each month 23.traffic accidents 24.go on a vacation25.

4、fly a kite 26.be painted with colorful drawings 27.beauty in common things 28.according to29.sent out30.sentup 31.be in trouble 32.be covered with33.rise into the air 34.be seen as .35. turn sth into =change sth into3、 必背句子：1. _ _ _ many people _ _ _ _ drink Chinese tea. 看来全世界很多都喝中国2. He found _ int

5、eresting _ so many products in the local shops _ _ _ China.他发现在当地的商店里有如此多的中国造产品真是有趣。3. _ _ most of the toys were American brands, they _ _ _ China.尽管大多数的玩具都是美国牌子，但它们却造于中国。 4. _ _ _ of China has _ _ _ _ of traditional art. 中国各地都有自己的特别的传统艺术形式。5. The most common things, from paper to clay to bamboo, ar

6、e _ _ _ _ _.最普通的东西，从纸张到陶土到竹子，都被变成美的物件。6. They _ _ _ bright symbols of _ _ _ _.它们被看成幸福和良好祝愿的光明的象征。7. _ the Spring Festival, they are put on windows, doors and walls as _ _ wishes for good luck and a happy new year. 在春节期间，它们被贴在窗户上，门上我墙上，作为好运和新年快乐的愿望的象征。8. These small _ _ _ _ show the love that all Chi

7、nese people have for life and beauty.这些小件的陶土艺术品表现着所有中国人对生命和美的好。4、 基础知识释疑：be made 被动语态用法1) be made of 意为“由制成”，指从成品上能看出原料，原料的本质未改变。2) 1)be made from 意为“由制成”，指从成品上看不出原料，原料的本质已改变。 3)  be made into 被制成为4) be made up of 意为 “由构成、组成”。5) be made in地点”意为“在某地制造”6) be made by sb. 由某人制成【例1】These b

8、ottles are _ _ plastic. (这些瓶子是塑料做的。)【例2】The salad is _ _ bananas and apples.(这种沙拉是用香蕉和苹果做的。)【例3】His new mobile phone is_ _ America. (他的新手机是美国制造的。)【例4】The book is _ _ Mo Yan.(这本书是由莫言写的。)【例5】Wood is _ _paper.(木材用于造纸)【例6】Our class is_ _ _six groups.(我们班由六个小组组成。)2. produce, make 的共同意思是“制造, 生产”。其区别是：1)ma

9、ke是普通用语, 可指任何物品的制作、制造、生产、加工; 2)produce着重强调生产情况及产量, 不强调生产过程及规模; product n. 产品；制品3) Sth be built in +地点: 某物建于某地 Sth be built +by sb. : 某物由某人建造 Sth be built out of +材料：某物是用建造的【例1】Boys and girls, please stop _ so much noise. Its time for class. A. to produce B. producing C. to make D. making 【例2】-Where_

10、 tea _ in China？ -It is produced in Anxi , Hangzhou and so on.【例3】They put a new _ on the market. (他们向市场推出一种新产品。)3.famous 短语1) be famous for 意为“以闻名；为人知晓”，主要表示以某种知识技能、作品或特征而出名。2)be famous as 意为“作为而出名”，主要是表示“以某种身份或职业而出名”。【例1】Mark Twin _ _ _a children-story writer.马克·吐温作为儿童故事作家而出名【例2】China _ _ _ t

11、he Great Wall.(中国以长城闻名)4. process v. 加工，处理；process n. 工序，过程；in process 在进行中【例1】Is this food _（加工） in this factory?【例2】Making a car is a long _(工序).5. seem可用作连系动词或不及物动词，意为“似乎；好像”，其常见用法现归纳如下： It seems that 意思是“似乎., 看来好像 .”，其中it 是形式主语, seems 为系动词, that 引导表语从句。可转换为下列句式： 1) “主语+ seem +(to be )+表语”，表语多为名词

12、或形容词，有时是其他的词或短语，以说明主语的特征或状态。 2) “主语+ seem + 不定式”，此句型中的seem与不定式一起构成复合谓语。 3) “There + seem to be +名词”，其中to be 可省略。seem 的单复数形式要根据后面作主语的名词的单复数形式而定。 4) “seem like 名词” 看起来好像是 【例1】Tom seems_ _very clever boy.(汤姆看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。)【例2】There seems_ _ no need to wait longer.(看来没有再等的必要了。)【例3】She seems_ _ right.(看起

13、来她好像是对的。) 【例4】 It _ a good idea at that time. (当时那看起来好像是个好主意。) 【例5】Mrs. Green _ _ _ this type of dress. It _ that Mrs. Green _ this type of dress. (格林夫人似乎喜欢这款长裙。) 【例6】My brother likes to smile very much. He seems _ all day. A. happy B. to happy C. be happy D. is happy 【例7】Look! There is a horse raci

14、ng program on TV now. Hmm . It _ exciting. A. seems B. looks like C. feels D. seems like 6. be good at / with / to / for用法之不同 1) be good at 意为“擅长”，后接名词、代词或v-ing形式。 2) be good with 意为“灵巧的；与相处得好”。 例如： 3) be good to 意为“对友好”。 例如： 4) be good for意为 “对有好处”。 反义：be bad for 对有害处【例1】Eating more vegetables _ _

15、_ your health. 多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。【例2】 Are you _ _ old people? 【例3】 I am _ _ singing and dancing. 【例4】 Eating too much junk food is not _ _ our health. 【例5】We should be _ _ others.【例6】Practicing in groups is good _ us to learn English. A. at B. in C. for【例7】English is my favorite subject, and I am good _

16、it. A. for B. to C. at D. of 【例8】- I think drinking milk every morning is good _ our health. - Yes. I agree _ you. A. to; to B. with; to C. at; with D. for; with7.No matter+疑问词=疑问词+ever No matter+what/ who/when/where/how(疑问词)意为“无论/不论+疑问词”，引导让步状，可转换为疑问词+ever+从句。No matter _ you say, I believe you. _ y

17、ou say, I believe you.I've decided to leave tomorrow, no matter what _(happen)= _ _, I've decided to leave tomorrow.【例3】_ the weather will be like tomorrow, well go surfing. A. No matter how B. No matter what's C. No matter what D. No matter if【例4】We'll never give up working on the e

18、xperiment, _ difficult it is. A. no matter how B. no matter when C. no matter what D. no matter where【例5】_ well you drive, you must drive carefully. A. No matter where B. In order that C. No matter how D. As soon as8. compete v. 竞争,比赛,对抗; competition n. 竞争,比赛; competitor n. 参赛者,竞争者.【例1】We can _with

19、the best teams. 我们能与最好的队竞争。【例2】There will be a chess _ next week.下个星期有一场国际象棋比赛。【例3】That company is a strong _ of us.那个公司是我们强有力的竞争对手。9. paint, draw 1)paint v. 用颜料画,刷漆; paint n. 油漆,颜料,绘画作品; 2)paint, draw都表示“画画”。其区别是：paint主要指用颜料画，而draw 则多指用铅笔、蜡笔、钢笔等画。【例1】The artist _ in water colors.(这画家用水彩绘画。) 【例2】The

20、 child _ a picture with a pencil now. (这个孩子正在用铅笔画画。)10. color n. “颜色,彩色”; color v. 涂颜色于,着色,渲染, 影响.colorful adj.多彩的，鲜艳的。【例】Tom _the picture red. (汤姆将画涂成红色。) 11.happen / take place 1) happen表示“某地(某时)发生了什么事”，常用“sth.+ happen +地点/时间”这一结构来表达， 此时主语应是事情。 2) 表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”，要用“sth.+ happens to sb.”这一结构来表达

21、。 3) 表示“某人碰巧做某事”，要用“sb.+ happen+ to do sth.”这一结构来表达。还可用“It happens / happened that.”这一结构来表达。 4) happen 与 take place 的区别： take place 指按计划或安排发生的事，尤其指重大事件, happen 指意外事件。 5) take place 表示“举行、进行”（ = be held ）。 The story _in 2003. (这个故事发生在2003年。) A car accident _ _ her this morning. (今天上午她发生了交通事故。) I _ to

22、 meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday. 昨天我碰巧在街上遇到我的一个朋友。【例4】Great changes _ in my hometown in the last ten years. 我的家乡在过去十年里发生了巨大的变化。【例5】The meeting _ last Sunday night. Ahappening Bhappened Ctook place D.takes place12. avoid vt. 避免,回避. Avoid+sb /sth /doing sth.【例1】He avoided _(answer)my qu

23、estions. 他避不回答我的问题。【例2】I avoided him as much as possible. 我尽可能地躲开他。【例3】We should avoid _ (talk) loudly in the reading room.13. everyday、every day的区别 everyday是形容词, 意思是“每天的，日常的，平常的”, 后面必须接被修饰的名词; every day是副词, 意思是“每天”, 表示动作的时间。放在句首或句末，用来修饰整个句子。【例1】I dont see her _. (我不是每天见到她。)【例2】Cooking breakfast is

24、her _ job. (做早饭是她的日常工作。)14. turn 的常见短语： 1) turn into = change into（使）变成 2) turn up 调高 3) turn down 调低 4) turn on 打开 5) turn off 关掉 6) turn to 转向；翻到(某页) 7) turn around 环顾四周【例1】A new bread-making machine made in Japan can _rice _delicious bread. (日本生产的新款面包机可以将大米变成可口的面包。)【例2】The boy is sleeping. Please

25、 _ the radio. A. turn up B. turn down C. turn on【例3】It's getting dark. Please _ the light. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down D. turn around【例4】Please _ Page 54 and read Lesson Twelve. A. turn to B. turn into C. turn in D. turn on 15. light 用法 1) light v. lit(过去式)=lit(过去分词) “点燃” 2) light用作形容词,

26、表示“轻的(反义heavy)、少量的、浅色的(反义dark)”等意思。 3) light用作名词, 表示“光；光线；灯；打火机；领悟”等意思。【例1】Wet wood_ _easily. (湿木不易点燃。)【例2】This is a heavy box, and that is _ _one.这是一个重箱子, 那是一个轻箱子。【例3】I can't read while you are standing in my_.你挡住了我的光线，我没法看书。【例4】He turned off the _ before going out.(他出门前把灯关掉。)16. live，lively，li

27、ving，alive的用法区别 1)live做形容词时，读作laiv，表示“现场的；活着的”，只用于物，可以做前置定语； 2)lively 表示“生动的，活泼的”，可以做定语、表语或宾补； 3)living 表示“活着的”，可以作表语或前置定语,可修饰人, 也可修饰物； 4)alive 表示“活着的”，多用于人,与dead相对；可以做表语、后置定语或补足语。【例1】Mr Brown always makes his class _ and keeps his students _ in class. A. alive; interesting B. lively; interesting C.

28、 alive; interested D. lively; interested【例2】 Jack is a(n) _ young man. That's true. He always feels nervous when he speaks before people A. friendly B. shy C. honest D. lively【例3】The _ people must continue what those dead didn't finish. A. living B. alive C. lively D. live【例4】 The World Cup

29、in France was the biggest _ football match in the world. A. alive B. live C. lively D. living plete, end, finish的用法区别: 都有“结束、完成”的意思。它们之间的区别是: 1) complete v. 完成; complete adj. 完整的. 表示“完成”，是个比较正式的词，一般指计 划、理想、工作等完成. 2) end作动词讲，只表示“结束”; 3) finish是个普通用语，指“完成”或“结束”日常的事物。其后只接名词或动名词，而不接不 定式或宾语从句。【例1】Can you

30、 _ your task on time? (你们能按时完成工作吗?)【例2】They _ the argument. (他们结束了争吵)【例3】He has completed / finished_ (repair) the car.18. scissors, trousers, shoes, jeans, shorts, glasses, chopsticks , glove 等这些名词作主语时， 谓语动词用复数形式；但是前面有a pair of 修饰时，谓语的单复数由pair的单复数决定。【例1】His glasses _(be)broken, so he can't see

31、well. 他的眼镜碎了，因而看不清楚。【例2】A pair of scissors _ (be) useful tool for a dressmaker. 【例3】- Mum, look! My trousers _ too short. Can you buy me a new _? - OK. A. is; one B. are; ones C. are; pair D. is; pair5、 语法精讲： 被动语态1.两种语态含义理解： 语态是动词作谓语的一种形式 ,用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。如果主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事)，便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被

32、做)，便叫被动语态。主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别，而是主语与谓意义上的区别。在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。1)主动语态（The Active Voice）:主语是谓语动作的执行者，二者是主动关系。 S =执行者 + V (主动式)+ O =承受者【例】如果想要表达“孩子们喜欢这些歌曲”、“简照看这只猫”， 侧重“人”，即某人怎样, 使用主动语态:Children             love   

33、0;     these songs.             (动作执行者)      （动作）    （动作接受者）Jane                looks after 

34、60;     the cat.               (动作执行者)      （动作）     （动作接受者）2) 被动语态(The Passive Voice):主语是谓语动作的承受者，二者是被动关系。 S=承受者(=O ) +be +Vt P.P (被动式)+by+执行者【例】如果想要说“这些歌

35、曲受到孩子们的喜爱”、“这只猫由简照看”， 侧重“事”，即某事如何,使用被动语态。These songs           are loved       by children  .           (动作接受者）      （动作） 

36、60;    (动作执行者)The cat              is looked after      by Jane.             （动作接受者）    （动作）    

37、;   (动作执行者)2. 被动语态的时态 时态用来表达动作发生的时间和方式。同一个动词表示的动作发生的时间和方式不同，要用不同的时态形式。同一时态主、被动语态构成形式不同，意义作用和判定方法相同。因此根据表达者的意图，同一动作即可用主动语态时态，也可用被动语态时态。【例】 I often write letters on computer. (用主动语态一般现在时)=Letters are often written by me on computer. (也可用被动语态一般现在时)3. 被动语态的构成1)被动语态的构：被动语态中动作接受者作句子主语，动作执行者置于句末，

38、用by连接，有时可以省去不用。谓语动词由“be+动词的过去分词”构成，汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”、“靠”、“凭”等词用来表示被动 ；被动语态句一般翻译为：主谓句或无主句。S=承受者(=O ) +be +Vt P.P (被动式)+by+执行者过去分词 ：表被动意义，肯、否、疑不变。助动词be作用：表示人称、数、时态。肯、否、疑结构及变化规则与be作为联系动词相同。因此，被动语态的不同时态形式靠be体现。各种时态的主动、被动语态的结构如下表（以动词do为例）：句式结构：(1) . 肯定句： 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by)(2). 否定句： 主语 + be + not +过

39、去分词 + (by)(3). 一般疑问句： Be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by)?(4). 特殊疑问句： 疑问词 + be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by)?4.一般现在时被动语态构成及判定1)一般现在时被动语态构成 : am/ is / are+过去分词主动语态： I water the flowers in the garden on weekends. (主语) (谓语动词现在时) (宾语) (地点状语) (时间状语)被动语态：The flowers was watered by me in the garden on weekends. (主语) (谓语动词的过去分词) (宾语)

40、 (地点状语) (时间状语)肯定句：主语am/is/are动词的过去分词(by人称代词宾格)其他否定句：主语am/is/arenot动词的过去分词(by人称代词宾格)其他一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are主语动词的过去分词其他？ 答语：Yes , am / is / are . No , Im not / isnt / arent .特殊疑问句：What/Where/Whenam/is/are主语动词的过去分词其他？完成一般现在时被动语态：主动语态：The girls often sing this English song after class被动语态：This English song is

41、 often sung by the girls after class. (A) (B) (C)改为否定句: This English song _ _ _ by the girls after class.改为一般疑问句，并做肯定和否定回答:_this English song _ _by the girls after class? Yes , _ _ . No , _ _.对(A)划线提问 : _ _ _this English song _ by the girls after class?(4) 对(B)划线提问 : _ _ this English song _ _ _after

42、 class?(5) 对(C)划线提问 : _ _ this English song _ _ by the girls ?主动语态、被动语态的转化与时态变化一览表时态主动语态被动语态例句主动语态被动语态一般现在do/doesam/is/are+doneWe clean the classroom.The classroom is cleaned by us一般过去didwas/were+doneHe made the kiteThe kite was made by him现在进行am/is/are+doingam/is/are+being doneShe is watering flowe

43、rsFlower are being watered by her 现在完成have/has+donehave/has+been doneJim has finished the workThe work has been finished by Jim一般将来will/shall/be going to+doWill/shall/begoing to+be doneThey will plant trees tomorrowTrees will be planted by them tomorrow过去进行was/were+doingwas/were+being doneShe was wr

44、iting a letter this time yesterdayA letter was being written by her this time yesterday过去完成had+donehad+been doneJim had finished the workThe work had been finished过去将来would/should/be going to+do would/should/be going to+be doneHe said he would make a kiteHe said a kite would be made by him情态动词can/ma

45、y/must+docan/may/must+be doneI can find himHe can be found by me2) 一般现在时被动语态判定【用法】：表示现阶段经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种 状况 ； 表示客观事实或真理；在表时间，条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。【判定方法】：时间、方式标志词语:(1)频度副词：always , usually , often, sometimes=at times , seldom, hardly, never.(2)短语：every/each+ morning , Sunday, day, week, month, year

46、(3)次数：once, twice , three times, some times , many times + a day , week , month,year(4) in the morning/afternoon/evening , at night, on weekends.(5)主句：一般将来时，if , unless 条件从句，when ,before, after, until,as soon as时间从句：一般现在时被动语态-“主将从现”规则。3)一般现在时被动语态填空：(1).The Great Wall _ (know) all over the world.(2).

47、 What language _ (speak) in Germany? German _(speak) in Germany.(3). _this pair of gloves _ (make) of wool ? No, it _. It _(make) of cotton.(4). What _ the girl often _ _(see, do) by the lake? She _ _ _(often , see, paint).(5). What _the children under 16 _ _ (not allow , do) in China? They _ _ _ (n

48、ot allow , drive).5.被动语态的用法：被动语态的主语大多数是物。被动语态常用于说明客观存在的事、物和现象，介绍科学知识、技术，广告、新闻等纪实性的文体中.翻译为无主句或主谓句。 1）要表达“被”、“受”、“遭”、“让”之类的语义。【例1】 The child is well loved by people. (这孩子很招人喜爱。) 2)不知动作执行者或无必要说出动作执行者是谁。【例2】 Bananas are grown in Hainan.(海南种植香焦） 【例3】 English is spoken in their country.(他们国家说英语)【例4】 Our s

49、chool was built in 2008.(我校建于2008)【例5】 Football is played all over the world.(全世界踢足球) 3) 强调动作承受者 【例6】 Young trees must be looked after.(必须照看好小树）【例7】 Children shouldnt be allowed to drive.（不该允许小孩开车）【例8】 Our classroom must be kept clean.（必须保持我们教室干净) 4) 动作执行者不是人【例9】A lot of people were killed in the tr

50、affic accident.（这期交通事故杀害了好多人） 5) 为了强调动作执行者而用by 修饰时 【例10】 This article was written by Lu Xun.（这篇文章是鲁迅写的） 6、 语法专练：谓语动词填空的步骤：（1）确定语态，分析动词与主语的关系；（2）确定时态，找到句中的时间、方式状语；（3）根据句式，语态，时态确定是否要加助动词，什么助动词；（4）所给动词的原形、三单、过去式、过去分词、现在分词五种形式该用哪一种。1.A: -What _the model plane _ (make) of?. B: -It_ (make) of used wood an

51、d glass.2.A: -What _ the painting _ (make )from? B: -It_ (make )from cotton.3. A:-_this ring _ (make )of silver? B: -Yes, and it was _ (make )in Thailand.4. A: -Where _ tea _ (produce) in China? B: -It _ (produce)in many different areas.5. A:-How _ tea _ (produce)? B:-Tea plants _ (grow)on the sides

52、 of mountains. When the leaves are ready, they _ ( pick) by hand and then_ ( send)for processing. 6. Sunglasses _ (use) for protecting peoples eyes. 7. Which language _ the most widely _ (speak) in the world?8. The students _ often _ (tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.9. Vegetables, eggs

53、and fruits _ (sell) in this shop.10.Children under 18 _(not allow, watch) this show without their parents.11. Usually computers _ (use , get) information on the Internet.12. I _ (ask , clean) my bedroom every day by my mother.13. We can watch TV after our homework (finish).14.The old (speak) to poli

54、tely.15. Every morning I _ (make , read) English by my mom .16  Usually computers _ to search the Internet.A. use    B. are using    C. are used17  Trees and flowers _ every year to make our country more beautiful.A. clean       B.