现在完成时态PPT课件

1、 现在完成时现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果.现在完成时这一时态强调是过去动作与现在的联系,也就是强调现在的影响和结果.have/has + done (过去分词)第1页/共29页 现在完成时用来表示已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果和现在有联系，动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在。例如： eg: I have lost my wedding ring. 我丢了我的结婚戒指（这一动作虽然发生在过去，但影响持续到现在，其结果是我现在没有结婚戒指了） I have sent him a Christmas card. He has just bought a new

2、 house.第2页/共29页 现在完成时和一般过去式的区别： 1） 一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。表示纯粹的过去，与现在没有联系。而现在完成时强调过去的动作与现在的关系。对现在产生的结果，影响等。 I have lost my bag. (现在还没找到) I lost my bag. (丢了钱包，现在是否找到，不知道) Mrs. Smith lived in Beijing for seven years. (史密斯太太已不再住在北京) Mrs. Smith has lived in Beijing for seven years. (史密斯太太还住在北京)第3页/共

3、29页 1.都表示过去发生的事 2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语连用； 3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的具体时间连用（last, ago, yesterday, etc. ）presentpast第4页/共29页 2）现在完成时与现在有联系，过去时表示的过去时间的经历，与现在没有联系。 所以如果动作发生在特定的过去时间，如last night, yesterday, three days ago, just now, in 1998等则不能用现在完成时，必须用一般过去时。试比较： The film has been on ten minutes ago.

4、 () The film began ten minutes ago. () The film has been on for ten minutes. () 3) 询问某事过去发生的具体时间，具体地点时必须用一般过去时， When did you lose your luggage? Where did they leave for? 第5页/共29页eg.1. He had his breakfast at 6:00 He has had his breakfast. 2. When did you come here? I watched the football match on TV

5、 at 9:00. 第6页/共29页 1. I _(have) lunch already 2. Has the train_ (arrive), yet? 3.Tome _ never_ (be to ) China. 4. The twin _just _(see) my father. 5. The twins _(see) my father just now. 6. Many tall buildings _(build) in the past 5 years.have hadarrivedhasbeen tohasseensawhave been built第7页/共29页 现在

6、完成时与一般现在时的区别： 1. 一般现在时和现在完成时都可以与often, always, seldom, never等副词连用，但意义不同。现在完成时强调一段特定时间里反复发生的情况，而一般现在时强调一般情况，说明主语的特征。试比较： eg: He has always helped us （到目前为止） He always helps us. (一贯如此) I have seldom watched cartoons these days.(这几天的情况) I seldom watch cartoons. （一贯如此）第8页/共29页 already ever yet never jus

7、t these days recently in the past ten years lately in the last two years for +段时间(for a long time, for two months since+点时间(since two years ago, since this morning) 第9页/共29页I have come back just now. I came back just now. When have you seen him? When did you see him? When不与现在完成时连用。它只有过去时或将来时，因为它表示确切

8、的时间。第10页/共29页 用法二用法二： for+段时间段时间 since+点时间点时间 since+句子（过去时）句子（过去时）E.g. Kate has lived here for 3 years. Kate has lived here since 3 years ago. Kate has lived here since she came to China.表示过去某个时间开始的动作表示过去某个时间开始的动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现或存在的状态，一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去。动词在并可能还将持续下去。动词使用延续性动词。常与使用延续性动词。常与forfor或或sincesi

9、nce引导的时间连用引导的时间连用第11页/共29页 My father hasnt smoked for two months, He is trying to give it up. 我父亲已经有两个月没有抽烟了。他现在在努力戒烟。 They have stayed in this hotel since last Tuesday. We have learned English for about three years.第12页/共29页 have/has gone to:已经去了或在途中，还没有返回； eg: 1) Where has John gone? I cant find h

10、im anywhere. (John不在说话地方) 2) Mary has gone to Hong Kong (Mary不在说话地方，可能在香港，可能在路上)第13页/共29页 have/has been to:曾今去过某地，现在已经回来了,后面可接表示“次数”的状语; John, Where have you been? (现在John已经回来，在说话的地方) Where have you been to Beijing? (你在说话地方) 第14页/共29页 have/has been in:表示某人“已在某地停留一段时间，现仍在那里”，其后常带表示一段时间的状语。 I have bee

11、n in Britain for then years.第15页/共29页 Tom 在哪儿？ 他去书店买书了。 我在北京待了5年了。 Jack 去过上海两次了-Where is Tom?-He has gone to the bookshop to buy some books.I have been in Beijing for 5 years.Jack has been to Shanghai twice.第16页/共29页Correcting 1. I have borrowed the book for 3 months. 2. My bother has joined the arm

12、y since he was 18. 3. Jack and Tom have lived here since 5years. 4. The film has been on since I have come to the cinema. 5. When has Mr. Li caught a bad cold? have kepthas been in/ been a member of the armysince 5 years ago/ for 5 yearscame didcatch第17页/共29页 6. Ten years have passed since they got

13、married. 7. Jim has gone to Beijing for 2 years. 8.What time have the factory opened? 9.I have gone to Chunhua Middle School twicehashas been indidopenbeen to第18页/共29页 Have you gone to America? (误) Have you been to America? (正) 1. _ you _ to Japan before? 2. His father isnt at home. He _ the superma

14、rket now. 3. Where is your class teacher? She _ the library. 4. Linda and her parents _ to France twice.第19页/共29页eg. 他死了两年了：He died two years ago.He has been dead for two years /since two years ago It is/ has been two years since he died.Two years has passed since he died第20页/共29页瞬间动词与现在完成时 瞬间动词不能用于

15、持续性用法（表示一个从过去开始持续到现在的用法）必须将瞬间动词转换成持续性动词。 她父母已经死了十年了。 Her parents have died for ten years. () Her parents have been dead for ten years. () I have bought a new apartment for a month 错误 I have had a new apartment for a month 正确第21页/共29页 arrive/come/go to/reach borrow leave buy join start/begin finish/

16、end diebe inhavekeepbe away be in/a member ofbe onbe over be dead第22页/共29页 His father has died. (for 2 years) The football match has begun.(since9:00a.m) The twins have joined the army. (since they are 18years old) My teacher has just left Nanjing. (for 3 days)His father has been dead for 2 years.Th

17、e football match has been on since 9:00 a.m.The twins have been soldiers/ been in the army since they are 18years old. My teacher has been away from Nanjing for 3 days第23页/共29页 1. 这本书我借了一个月了。I borrowed this book a month ago.It is/ has been a month since I borrowed the book.I have kept the book for a

18、 month. /since a month ago.A month has passed since I borrowed the book.第24页/共29页 arrive/come/go to die become a borrow Leave/ move buy open join start/begin finish/ end catch a cold get up get to know get out close wake up go to sleep become interested in be in be deadhavekeepbe away / be out be ab

19、e in/a member ofbe openbe onbe overhave a coldbe upknowbe outbe closedbe awakebe asleep/ sleepbe interested in第25页/共29页 I am an American boy I came to China two years ago. I _(study) here for two years. My father often (take) me_ (play) football on the playground. Last week I _ (take) to the park by

20、 him. We saw a lot of monkeys ( jump) in the tree. I heard a voice from behind When I (walk ) along the river. I thought myself. “It must_ (be) Mr. Brown. He _(take) photos.” We_ (enjoy) that day. We _ (go) back to America next week.have studied takesto playWas taken wakedjumpbeis takingenjoyedwill

21、go第26页/共29页构成：助动词have/has+动词的过去分词 (I have/You have/She has/He has/It has/Our have/They have/Our teacher has/Our school has/ Mike has/ Mary has) （规则动词变化同过去式/不规则变化见表）规则：(1) 在词尾加-ed (2) e结尾在词尾加d (3) 辅音+y,去y改成i加ed (4) 元音字母+y在词尾加ed (5) 重读闭音节且词尾为单个辅音字母，将词尾辅音字母双写加ed (6) 重读r音节，双写r加ed不规则： ABC型(原形，过去式，过去分词均不同型) eg: do-did-done; swim-swam-swum; fly-flew-flown; drink-drank-drunkABB型（过去式，过去分词同型） eg: build-built-built; t