[精品]浅谈过去分词1

1、浅谈过去分词一、基本概念过去分词的用法有两个特点：一是表示完成，二是表示被动。规则动词的过去分词在动词原 形后加“cd”构成，不规则动词的过去分词变化见不规则动词表。二、过去分词的语法作用：过去分词一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个形容词或副词,在句中可以作表语、 定语、状语和补足语。1）过去分词作表语，主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。如：don't touch the glass because it is broken.不要碰那个杯 了,它是坏的。he is quite pleased with the design of the dress.她很喜欢那礼服的式样。2）

2、过去分词做定语：单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面，相当于一个定语从句。如：the excited people rushed into the building.激动的人们奔进了 大楼。we need more qualified teachers.我们需要更多合格的教师。过去分诃範语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面，相当于一个定语从句。如：is there anything planned for tomoitow?明天有什么活动吗?the suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager.外国专家捉出来的建议

3、 被经理采纳了。过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。如：the books, written by lu xun, are popular with many chinese people.这些书是鲁迅写的，受到 了许多中国人民的喜爱。the meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success.这次会议获得很大的成功，共有 一千个学生出席了。3）过去分词做状语：过去分词和ing分词作状语一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。%1 表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或w

4、hile來强调时间 概念。如：seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.从山顶上看，这个城市就像一个 大花园。accepted by the party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the party.入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。%1 表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。如：deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarreling with each other.激动的人

5、们被那个故事深深地感动了，停止了争吵。encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.受到了讲演的鼓舞，年轻人决定起来从事斗争。%1 表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if等词。如：given another chance, he will do be"匚再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。compared with your brother, you should make greater efforts to study english.和你哥哥

6、相比，你应该更加努力学习英语。if heated, water can be turned into steam.水如果被加热,会变成水蒸气。%1 表让步,相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。如:exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robbe匚尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。laughed at by many people, he continued his study.尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。 表方式或伴随情况。如：the old man went into

7、 the room, supported by his wife.那个老人在他的妻了的搀扶卜走进了房 间。seated at the table, my father and i were talking about my job.我和父亲他在桌子旁边讨论着我 的工作问题。【注意】过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语和句子的主语要保持一致。如果过去分词作状语时, 其逻辑主语和句了的主语不一致，在其前而再加逻辑主语，主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑 主语，这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构。女口：the signal given, the bus started.信号一发出,汽车就开动了。（t

8、he signal 是 given 的逻辑主 语，因此主句主语the bus就不是given的逻辑主语。）4）过去分词作补足语：过去分词可以在 see, hear, notice, watch, find, get, have, feel, make, leave, keep 等词后与一，名词 或代词构成复合宾语，用作宾语补语。如：when will you go to the hospital and have your tooth examined?你什么吋候去医院检查你的牙 齿？when you are making a speech, you should speak louder t

9、o make yourself heard.当你在作报告时，你应该讲响一点使自己被人听清。【注意】过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语冇逻辑上的动宾关系。5）过去分词独立结构%1 过去分词有时可有其独立主语，二者构成一种独立分词结构。过去分词独立结构多用于书 而语中，常用作：状语，用来表示时间、条件、原因、伴随情况等。如：he rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat.他满脸是汗跑进屋來。（表伴随）this done, wc went home.做完此事，我们就回家了。（表时间）all our savings gone, the couple started looking for jobs.积蓄全部用完了，这对夫妻就开始找工作。（表原因）that point settled, the speaker went on to the next one.那个问题讲完了，演讲人继续讲下一个问题。（表时间）%1 with/without+宾语+过去分词，表示伴随情况的独立结构with everything taken into consideration, we all think this is a very good plan.每件事都