高考英语必看之知语法识结构网络图星推荐.ppt

1、从从概概貌貌着着眼眼朝朝细细节节入入手手向向运运用用延延伸伸2021-11-102 词汇量：词汇量：3500多单词多单词 300短语短语 四会词语：四会词语：2000多单词多单词 11.构词法构词法12.简单句简单句13.并列句并列句14.复合句复合句 词类词类1.冠词和名词（冠词和名词（ 2093个）个）动词（动词（ 818个）个）8.代词和数词代词和数词9.介词和连词介词和连词10.形容词和形容词和 副词副词 4.非谓语动词非谓语动词 5.动词时态动词时态7.情态动词情态动词15.定语从句定语从句16.名词性从句名词性从句17.状语从句状语从句高高中中英英语语语言知识语言知识语言运用语言运

2、用100110 wpm 短对话，长对话，短文短对话，长对话，短文教材教材 /空中英语空中英语 2030 mpd 疯狂英语疯狂英语 希望英语希望英语 1.书虫（书虫（50本）本） 21世纪报世纪报teens 2.每天三篇每天三篇300字左右的高考阅读训练字左右的高考阅读训练 1.课外阅读量课外阅读量 tw: 300,0002. 5060 wpm (300w/ 8m) 18虚拟语气虚拟语气100120 w 记叙文记叙文 应用文应用文 议论文等议论文等背诵经典句型；每周一篇习作背诵经典句型；每周一篇习作听力听力口语口语阅读阅读写作写作词法词法句法句法2.系动词系动词3.助动词助动词实义动词实义动词6

3、.动词语态动词语态高考要求高考要求方法指南方法指南高考要求高考要求方法指南方法指南方法指南方法指南方法指南方法指南高考要求高考要求22.强调强调20.主谓一致主谓一致21.倒装倒装23.省略省略2021-11-103解析解析冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-104解析解析冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-105解析解析冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-106解析解析冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-107解析解析冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-108解析解析冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-109解析解析2021-11-1010解析解析冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1011

4、解析解析冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1012解析解析冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1013解析解析冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1014解析解析冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-101513 ._ horse has been praised by many poets as _ noble animal.a. a/a b. a/the c. the/a d. the/the解析解析the tiger is in danger of dying out.冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-101614. many people are still in habbit of

5、 writing silly things in public places.a. the,the b. x,x c. the,x d. x,the 解析解析in the habbit of doing sth. 是一是一个短语，特指某方面的习惯；而个短语，特指某方面的习惯；而public places 表示泛指，故选表示泛指，故选c。冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-101715. she is new comer to chemistry, but she has already made some important discoveries .a. the,the b.the, x c

6、.a,x d.a,the a new comer 表示她的身份。例表示她的身份。例如：如：she is a worker. chemistry 为泛指，故选为泛指，故选c。解析解析冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1018however good _radio you have, you will never get perfect sound.a. the b. a c. this d. x解析解析若修饰名词的形容词受若修饰名词的形容词受too, so, as, how, however等副词的修饰，则等副词的修饰，则通常将不定冠词置于形容词与名词通常将不定冠词置于形容词与名词之间。之间。

7、冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-101917. youre going quite _wrong way. it is quite _ good book.a. the/ the b. a / the c. a/a d. the/a解析解析不定冠词与副词不定冠词与副词quite，rather连连用时，不定冠词通常置于其后，用时，不定冠词通常置于其后，但其前有形容词时，则但其前有形容词时，则a/an放在放在quite/rather之前或之后都可以。之前或之后都可以。例如：例如：he is rather a fool .冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1020 i know both _

8、brothers. all _ children have gone home. your house is twice _ size of mine.与与both/all/half/twice等连用时，等连用时，冠词常置于其后冠词常置于其后.冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1021 soon i saw _ second plane. i want to read the novel _ third time.解析解析1.a/an 用于序数词之前用于序数词之前,表示数量表示数量或序数的增加或序数的增加, 但是：但是：he went to beijing for the second ti

9、me in 1989.冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1022解析解析冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-102321. _ old _ more likely to catch cold than the young. _ beautiful _not always the same as the good .“the+形容词形容词”表一类人，作主语时，表一类人，作主语时，谓语用复数。谓语用复数。表一类物，作主语时，谓语用单数表一类物，作主语时，谓语用单数解析解析冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-102422. he moved to the south in _seventies.t

10、he用于逢整十的数词的复数前，用于逢整十的数词的复数前，指世纪中的年代；而指世纪中的年代；而his or her等等表示年龄。表示年龄。解析解析冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1025用于用于“hit + sb+介词介词+the +身体部位身体部位”及及“catch/hold/take sb bythe+身体部位身体部位”。eg “他打了我的脸他打了我的脸”，不能说，不能说he hit my face，而应说：，而应说：he hit me in the face.冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1026 he is paid by _ hour.他拿计时工他拿计时工资。资。 the e

11、ggs is sold by _ dozen.表示计算单位，用表示计算单位，用the,主要用于主要用于by the 十计量单位，含有十计量单位，含有a/each/per的意义的意义解析解析冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1027冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1028冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-10291.(2005湖湖)i cant remember when exactly the robinsons left_city, i only remember it was _ monday.a.the,the b.a,the c.a,a d.the,a d d2.(2004湖湖

12、) for a long time they walked without saying word.jim was the first to break silence. a.the,a b.a,the c.a,x d.the,xb冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-10303.the sign reads “in case of fire, break the glass and push _ red button”(2003)a.x,a b.x,the c.the ,the d.a,ab 4.jumping out of airplane at ten thousand feet is q

13、uite _ exciting experience.(2002)a.x,the b.x,an c.an,an d.the,the c冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-10315.(1999)paper money was in use in china when marco polo visited the country in thirteenth century .a.the,x b.the,the c.x,the d.x,xc c6.(2000) most animals have little connection with animals of _different kind u

14、nless they kill them for food.a.the,a b.x,a c.the,the d.x,theb b冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-10327.peter wont drive us to the station.he has todrive us all a. a very small car b. too small a car c. a too small car d. such a small car. b8.i often have conversations with john over_ telephone, while keep in touch

15、 with tom by _letter.a.x,the b.x,a c.the,x d.the,a c冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-10339. england of those years was england in peace.a.x,x b.the,an c.the,x d.x,an b10.i couldnt remember the exact date of the storm, but i knew it was sunday because everybody was at church.a.a,the b.a,x c.x,a d.x,x b11.in the mar

16、ket,vegetables are sold by kilogram,i mean, by_ weight.a.the,x b.x,x c.the,the d.x,the a冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1034 12.-“what about school?” -“it is as good,as anybody can see, school as the one attached to hunan normal university.”a.a,the b.the,a c.a,a d.the,the13.the cakes are delicious,id like to have

17、 _ third one as _second one i ate was too small.a.the,the b.a,the c.the,a d.a,a bb冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1035专有名词专有名词(proper nouns)普通名词普通名词(common nouns)个体名词个体名词(individual nouns)集体名词集体名词(collective nouns)物质名词物质名词(material nouns)抽象名词抽象名词(abstract nouns)不可数名词不可数名词(uncountable nouns)可数名词可数名词(countable noun

18、s)冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1036proper nouns:指人名、地名及某些人和事物专有的名称eg: diana; beijing; americans;english; may; new years day冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1037common nouns：专有名词以外的名词都是普通名词1。individual nouns: 指作为个体而存在的人或东西。指作为个体而存在的人或东西。可以指具体的人或物。可以指具体的人或物。eg: aunts; a panda; apartments也可指抽象东西。也可指抽象东西。eg: a year; fairy tales;

19、 a dream冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-10382. collective nouns: 表示由个体组成的集体。表示由个体组成的集体。eg: army; audience; crew; family; team; police; government; public集体名词有时作单数看待，有时作复数看。一般来说，视为集体名词有时作单数看待，有时作复数看。一般来说，视为整体时作单数看，突出它的成员时作复数看。整体时作单数看，突出它的成员时作复数看。eg: his family isnt large.cf: his family are all music lovers.在不少情况下，

20、集体名词后单复数动词都可以用，没什么差别。在不少情况下，集体名词后单复数动词都可以用，没什么差别。eg: the audience was (were) excited by the show.冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1039有少数集体名词通常用作单数。有少数集体名词通常用作单数。eg: the gang is being hunted by the police.our company is sending him to work in berlin. 个别集体名词则多作复数看待。个别集体名词则多作复数看待。eg: the police are looking for him.

21、冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-10403. material nouns: 指无法分为个体的东西。指无法分为个体的东西。eg: beer; cake; cloth; cotton; detergent; fur; ice; paint; paper; soil一般来说，物质名词是不可数的，因而没有复数形式。但有一些一般来说，物质名词是不可数的，因而没有复数形式。但有一些特殊情况：特殊情况：1)有些物质名词可用作可数名词，表示有些物质名词可用作可数名词，表示“一份一份”、“一杯一杯”、“一种一种”eg: two strong black coffees, please. ( 两份）两份）t

22、hree beers, please. (三杯）三杯） it was a special tea. (一种）一种）2)个别物质名词的复数形式可以表示特别的意义。个别物质名词的复数形式可以表示特别的意义。eg: rains （雨季）（雨季）snows (积雪）积雪）waters(海域海域)（see note paper)冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-10414.abstract nouns: 表示一些抽象的概念。表示一些抽象的概念。eg: education; love; policy; trust; nature; fashion; relief; silence; truth,etc.

23、多数情况下，这种名词常用于单数形式，不加任何冠词。多数情况下，这种名词常用于单数形式，不加任何冠词。eg: hes learning french for fun.i wish you good luck.有时也可以加冠词。有时也可以加冠词。he works hard for the welfare of the poor. after a brief peace, war broke out again. 冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1042有些名词可以兼作可数名词和不可数名词。有些名词可以兼作可数名词和不可数名词。glass ( 玻璃玻璃 )copper ( 铜铜 )tin ( 锡

24、锡 )paper ( 纸纸 )iron (铁铁 )wood ( 木头木头 )gold (金子金子 )youth (青春青春 )power ( 力量力量 )beauty ( 美美 )pleasure( 愉快愉快 )relation(关系）关系）a glass ( 玻璃杯玻璃杯 )a copper ( 铜币板铜币板 )a tin ( 罐头，听头罐头，听头 )a paper ( 报纸，证件，论文报纸，证件，论文 )an iron (熨斗熨斗 )a wood ( 树林树林 )a gold (金牌金牌 )a youth (年青人年青人 )a power ( 大国大国 )a beauty ( 美人，美的东

25、西美人，美的东西 )a pleasure( 使人感到愉快的事使人感到愉快的事 )a relation(亲戚）亲戚）2021-11-1043英语中有许多对词，一个可数，一个不可数。英语中有许多对词，一个可数，一个不可数。a poem(一首诗一首诗 )a machine(一台机器一台机器 )a job(一件工作一件工作 )a laugh(一个笑声一个笑声 )a permit(许可证许可证 )a garment (一件衣裳一件衣裳 )a bag(case) (一件行李一件行李 )a loaf (一只面包一只面包 )a hair(一根头发一根头发 )poetry(诗歌总称诗歌总称 )machinery

26、(机器总称机器总称 )work(工作工作 )laughter(笑声笑声 )permission(允许允许 )clothing(衣裳总称衣裳总称 )luggage, baggage(行李行李 )bread(面包面包 )hair( 头发头发)冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1044名词复数名词复数情况加法例词一般情况以s,x,ch,sh,结尾的词以辅音y结尾的词以辅音+o 结尾的词以f或fe结尾的词加-s加-es去y加-ies多数加-es 把f/fe改成vesbrothers;schoolsbuses;watches;dishes*1ladies;countries;*2heroes; tom

27、atoes*3halves; leaves;*42021-11-1045notes:*1:stomachstomachs*2:以元音以元音+y或以专有名词或以专有名词+y结尾的名词，直接在词尾加结尾的名词，直接在词尾加-s.eg:boys; toys; germanys; henrys*3: 以元音以元音+oeg: videos; studios以以oo结尾结尾 eg: zoos; bamboos;kangaroos一些外来词一些外来词(特别是音乐方面的词特别是音乐方面的词)eg:pianos一些缩写词一些缩写词 eg: kilos; photos; memos一些专有名词一些专有名词 eg:

28、 eskimos; filipinos直接在词尾加直接在词尾加-s.*4:以以f/fe结尾只加结尾只加-s的词：的词：proofs;gulfs; cliffs; roofs;serfs; beliefs;chiefs2021-11-1046不规则复数：不规则复数：1.manmeneg: woman women; chairman-chairmen2.ooeeeg:foot-feet; tooth-teeth; goose-geese3.+eneg:child-children; ox-oxen4.ouseiceeg: mouse-mice; louse-lice（虱子）有些外来词的不规则复数形

29、式：eg: analysis-analyses; basis-bases; thesis-theses; crisis-crisescriterion-criteria; phenomenon-phenomena; medium-media冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1047 单复数相同的情况：单复数相同的情况：sheep; deer; means; fish; works; species; chinese;japanese以及由汉语音译表示度量衡、货币等单位的名词。eg: yuan,jiao,fen, jin, mu复合名词的复数形式：复合名词的复数形式：1.词末词末+-s eg:

30、film-goers ; forget-me-nots 2.主体名词变为复数形式：主体名词变为复数形式：lookers-on; editors-in-chief;sons-in-law3.两个组成部分皆变为复数：两个组成部分皆变为复数：women doctors; men cooks* 这种形式这种形式的第一个名词必须是的第一个名词必须是man或或woman冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1048名词所有格名词所有格(the possessive case of nouns)some patterns:1. ill take the risk for friendships sake.2.

31、 she was at her wits end.3. now they could sing at their hearts content.4. we should get the children out of harms way.5. we had best keep them at arms length.6. for goodness sake,stop arguing.7. jane got the moneys worth out of the coat. 冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1049主谓一致主谓一致。语法形式上的一致。语法形式上的一致（主单谓单；主复谓复）。意

32、义上的一致。意义上的一致（主语形单意复，谓语用复数。eg:people;police) （主语形复意单，谓语用单数。eg: news;economics) 3.就近原则：就近原则：eitheror; neithernor; not onlybut also4. 单复数视情况而定。单复数视情况而定。）集体名词作主语：强调整体，用单数；强调个体，用复数）集体名词作主语：强调整体，用单数；强调个体，用复数）单复数同形名词作主语，按意义一致原则。）单复数同形名词作主语，按意义一致原则。eg: means, species）中心词是）中心词是all, most, half, rest时，按意义一致原则。

33、即主语单数时，按意义一致原则。即主语单数意义，谓语用单数；主语复数意义，谓语用复数。意义，谓语用单数；主语复数意义，谓语用复数。2021-11-1050）主语是）主语是and连接两个名词时，指一样东西，谓语单数；指两样连接两个名词时，指一样东西，谓语单数；指两样东西，谓语复数。东西，谓语复数。eg: a knife and fork is on the table. 5)代词作主语，取决于它代替的是单数还是复数。意义一致原则。代词作主语，取决于它代替的是单数还是复数。意义一致原则。eg: ours, yours; such, the same; who, that, which; any, e

34、ither, neither,(单独作主语，谓语单数）单独作主语，谓语单数） none, all, some, more, ）分数，量词，）分数，量词，half of, part of作主语，于中心词保持一致。作主语，于中心词保持一致。）what 引导的主语从句。通常用单数；所指的具体内容为引导的主语从句。通常用单数；所指的具体内容为复数时，谓语用复数。复数时，谓语用复数。）主谓倒装，谓语与其后主语一致。）主谓倒装，谓语与其后主语一致。冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1051。谓语用单数的情况。谓语用单数的情况。）名词所有格之后的名词被省略。（指商店，工场，住宅）名词所有格之后的名词被省略

35、。（指商店，工场，住宅等）作主语。等）作主语。eg: the doctors, my uncles, the bakers2) 中心词是时间、距离、金额、度量、书名等复数名词。中心词是时间、距离、金额、度量、书名等复数名词。eg: three years; the selected poems of li bai; 3) each, every, no 所修饰名词，即使以所修饰名词，即使以and 或逗号连接。或逗号连接。eg: each boy and each girl ; every man and woman4) 主语有主语有more than one; many a 5) a kind

36、 of; a pair of; a series of冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-10526) this kind of7) the number of8) a great deal of; a large amount of +un9) one and a half +可数名词复数可数名词复数eg: one and a half bananas is left on the table. 10) the departed (死者）意义上指个体死者）意义上指个体11) the only one of +可数名词复数定语从可数名词复数定语从句。从句中的谓语用单数。句。从句中的谓语用单数。

37、冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1053. 谓语用复数的情况。谓语用复数的情况。）police,;people;cattle; militia(民兵）作主语。民兵）作主语。）有两个部分构成的名词。（表示衣物或工具）有两个部分构成的名词。（表示衣物或工具）eg: glasses; chopsticks3)these kind of men（口语（口语); men of this kind 作主语作主语）bothand. 修饰主语修饰主语5) a number of; large quantities of; large amounts of修饰主语修饰主语）the+ 形容词作主语，一般情况下

38、形容词作主语，一般情况下）one of the+可数名词复数定语从句，从句中谓可数名词复数定语从句，从句中谓语动词用复数。语动词用复数。冠词和名词冠词和名词2021-11-1054assignment:1. try to learn these words by heart: (通常用于复数形式的词）scissors剪刀; pants裤子; contents目录compasses两脚规; cords灯心絨裤; arms武器earphones耳机; pyjamas睡衣裤;ashes灰烬scales天平; overalls工装裤; tropics热带spectacles眼镜; braces背带;s

39、tairs楼梯nail-clippers指甲刀；slacks便装裤;brains头脑belongings所有物； savings积蓄；tidings消息doings行为；writings作品；findings调查结果and the words in your note paper.2. finish ex. book chapter 2. nouns. (p7-p16)&chapter 12(p133-p136)2021-11-10552021-11-10562021-11-10572021-11-10582021-11-10592021-11-10602021-11-10612021

40、-11-1062 2021-11-10632021-11-10642021-11-1065过去分词过去分词不定式不定式-ing 形式形式非谓语动词高考题高考题巩固巩固 题题1巩固巩固 题题22021-11-10661. _ late in the morning , bob turned off the alarm.a. to sleep b. sleeping c. sleep d. having slept 2001春季高考 第21题 2._ a letter from her parents, lily is now looking forward to _ from them.a. h

41、aving not received; hear b. not received; hearc. not having received; hearing d. receiving not; hearingv/phrases +ing: appreciate; avoid; cant help; consider; enjoy; escape; finish; give up; imagine; insist on; keep(on); mind;miss devote oneself to; pay attention to; be used to; get down to, stick t

42、o, lead to2021-11-10672021-11-1068不定式不定式不定式的不定式的作用作用1例1 nmet 2000 第19题ive work with children before, so i know what _ in my job. a. expected b. to expect c. to be expecting d. expectsb解析该题考查疑问+不定式在句中做宾语的用法。英语中有一些动词 后可以跟一个疑问词的不定式做宾语，如：tell, discuss, know, show, learn, decide, wonder, explain2021-11-1

43、069解析例2 nmet 1999 第21题the purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult. a. not make b. not to make c. not making d. do not make.b不定式不定式不定式的不定式的作用作用1因为主语是the purpose，在（purpose, wish, promise, plan）后常跟不定式，故表语要用不定式，to不能省略，因此构成the purpose is tonot todo 句型，故选b 。2021-11-1070不定式的

44、不定式的时态时态2例3 nmet 1997第12题i would love _ to the party last night but i had to work extra hours to finish a report. a. to go b. having gone c. going d. to have goned不定式不定式would love, meant, hoped, planned, expected, promised, wish等 例如：i meant to have telephoned you, but i forgot.例4 nmet 1999 第14题rober

45、t is said _ abroad, but i dont know what country he studied in. a. to have studied b. to studyc. to be study d. to have been studying a2021-11-1071不定式不定式不定式的不定式的否定形式否定形式3例5 nmet 1996年 the patient was warned _ oily food after the operationthe patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.a. to e

46、at not b. eating not c. not to eat d. not eata. to eat not b. eating not c. not to eat d. not eatc解析 该题考查不定式的否定式作主补。要注意warn后跟词方式， warn sb. not to do sth. warn sb. against doing sth. 该题应该用结构另外，not 应放在to之前。2021-11-1072不 定 式 的不 定 式 的 作 用作 用不定式的不定式的时态时态不定式的不定式的否定形式否定形式不定式近五年不定式考查了5道题，主要考查了不定式做宾语和 表语。此外还

47、考了不定式的时态和否定形式。2021-11-1073过去分词过去分词 过去分词主要考查其在句中作状语、定语、表语和补语的用法。1.作状语例1 nmet1996第23题_ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.a. losing b. having lost c. lost d. to losec解析1.该题考查过去分词作状语的用法。动词-ing或过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语应是主语。2.“陷入深思”有两种表达法， a.lose oneself in thought b.be lost in thought,按句子提供的语境可用

48、结构b.2021-11-1074过去分词过去分词2.作定语例2 nmet1997第17题the olympic games,_ in 776 b.c.did not include women players until 1912. a. first played b. to be first played c. first playing d. to be first playinga解析2021-11-1075过去分词过去分词3.作表语例3 nmet1998第23题cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. a. pay

49、b. paying c. paid d. to payc解析该题考查分词作表语的用法。“to pay sb. by the hour” 计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：get burnt, get hurt , get wounded.2021-11-1076过去分词过去分词4.作补语解析该题考查过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。the plan 与carry out 的关系是被动关系。see sth.done 这结构常见的还有watch(notice, observe,have 和make)sth. done.例4 nmet2000第22题the managers discussed

50、 the plan that they would like to see _ the next year.a. carry out b. carrying out c. carried out d. to carry outc2021-11-1077-ing 形式形式2021-11-1078teaching is my full-time job.writing an english composition is not easy. its useless taking this kind of medicine.2021-11-10792021-11-1080i have just fin

51、ished doing my home work. i suggested asking his brother for some money.he keeps buying expensive maps. he must have more than 200 by now.2021-11-1081只接动名词作宾语的常见动词只接动名词作宾语的常见动词有十六个有十六个：太多了，怎么记呀？2021-11-1082别着急，我们来动动脑别着急，我们来动动脑筋。有了，你看：筋。有了，你看：抗议推迟盼喜报，心想练成考不错2021-11-1083i heard the girl singing in the

52、 classroom.i noticed a long queue outside the bank waiting for it to open.the baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest.2021-11-1084能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动词有这些，看看有什么好方法可动词有这些，看看有什么好方法可以将它们记住：以将它们记住：make、let、have、look at、see、watch、hear、listen to、notice、feel。对了，用对了，用“三让、三看、两三让、

53、三看、两听、注意感觉听、注意感觉”。多简单！。多简单！2021-11-1085动名词作定语表示性质或用途。动名词作定语表示性质或用途。a washing machine a machine for washinga swimming pool a pool for swimming this is a new washing machine. 作定语作定语2021-11-1086作定语作定语现在分词作定语表示动作。如果是单词，放在被现在分词作定语表示动作。如果是单词，放在被修饰的名词前；如果是短语，放就放在被修饰的名修饰的名词前；如果是短语，放就放在被修饰的名词之后。词之后。a develop

54、ing country a country which is developinga sleeping boy a boy who is sleepingthe man talking with my father is mr. wang.china is a developing country.2021-11-1087现在分词作状语。表时间、原因、条件、结现在分词作状语。表时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随（方式）等。果、伴随（方式）等。hearing the cry for help, he rushed out.（时间）（时间）being ill, he went home. （原因）（原因

55、）european football is played in 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world. (nmet 98)（结果）（结果）he read a magazine waiting for the bus.（伴随伴随） seeing from the hill, you can get the whole town.(条件）条件）2021-11-1088-ing 形式主要考查其在句子中作定语和状语的用法例 nmet1998 european football is played in 80 countr

56、ies, _ it the most popular sport in the world. a. making b. makes c. made d. to makea解析making it the popular sport in the world为现在分词短语作结果状语，这类分词短语常放在句子的后面,ing表示顺其自然，不定式表示突然，出乎意料。如：his parents died, leaving him an orphan.he rushed to the post office only to find it was closed.2021-11-10891. the speak

57、er raised his voice but still couldnt make himself_ . (nmet91 34) a.hear b. to hear c. hearing d. heard 2. on afternoon, mrs green went to the market, _ some bananas and visited her cousin. (nmet91 23) a. bought b. buying c. to buy d. writing 3. -i usually go there by train. -why not _ by boat for a

58、 change? (nmet92 14) a. to try going b. trying to go c. to try and go d. try going 4. _ a reply, he decided to write again. (met92 39) a. not receiving b. receiving not c. not having received d. having not received2021-11-10905. how about the two of us _ a walk down the garden? (met93 17) a. to take

59、 b. take c. taking d. to be taking 6. _ down the radio - the babys asleep in the next room. (met93 24) a. turning b. to turn c. turned d. turn 7. charles babbage is generally considered _ the first computer. (met93 34) a. to invent b. inventing c. to have invented d. having invented 8. -i must apolo

60、gize for _ ahead of time. -thats all right. (met94 21) a. letting you not know b. not letting you know c. letting you know not d. letting not you know 9. rather than _ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _ a bicycle. (nmet94 22) a. ride; ride b. riding; ride c. ride; to ride d. to ride; riding2021-11-10