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1、中华英语学习网官方总站:圣才学习网www.I语法结构1.考试大纲对词语用法和语法结构的要求词语用法和语法结构,共30题,考试时间25分钟。题目中50%为词和短语的用 法,50%为语法结构。要求考生从每题四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。X词语用法和语法结构部分主要考核学生运用词汇、短语及语法结构的能力。憨 范围包括全日制文理科本科教学大纲中词汇表及语法结构表一至三级的主要内建/“2.概说2乂3总话,它将体现在所有五个题型中。但 照谓语非谓语动词,以及各种句法重新词语用法和语法结构是英语学习的基础。英语学习重隹积熱特别是词汇的掌握。 三级考试对词汇的考察知识点比较零散,有鉴于此,我诡爲后编有专门的词汇
2、附录, 按照记忆群组同义辨析的顺序编排,希望读者能够坚持曾夭阅读、记忆、掌握。日积 月累.单词量一定大有提高。但词汇专题将在第六一详述,本章节将侧重语法结构 方面。语法是三级英语统考的一个重点考点相对集中,脉络也比较清晰。对语法部分作了梳理。英语中共有四种基本句单句,并列句,复合句,并列复合句。简单句是并列复合 彼此地$指包含一个主谓结构的句子宀衣体上又可分为五类:主语+动词(S+V);主语+系动词 +表语(S+V+P);主佛韧词f+宾语(S+V+0);主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 (S+V+0. IP. D);丰富宓J+宾语+补语(S+V+OC)。并列句则是由两个或更多独立的 'c
3、在一起;复合句是指一个句子中由一个或多个从句担任成分。U句和复合句组合起来的句子,即包含两个或两个以上独立的, 状句。我们在本章将对各种从句及相关句型结构进行详解。旬型划分中我们可以看到谓语的重要性,事实上谓语动词正是英语句子的 、谓语动词及非谓语动词也是历年考试的重点。因此我们也将单独讲解相关耙点。本章我们将从以下几个方面强化语法知识:第一节 第二节 第三节 第四节 第五节 第六节谓语动词 非谓语动词 各种从句 强调句型 倒装结构 反意疑问句每节结束后我们会配以一定数量的练习,帮助读者更好地拿握该部分内容。3语法知识与真题解析一 谓语动词在这部分我们将对时态,语态,语气,情态动词,以及主谓一
4、致这些知识点 分别进行详细讲解。1.1动词的时态16种英语的动词时态。O共有现在过去将来1. 一般现在时5. 一般过去时9. 一般将来时线斑过去将来时2.现在进行时6.过去进行时0将来进行严红、讦4过去将来进行时3.现在完成时7.过去完成时11.将来鈿洌15过去将来完成时4.现在完成进行时&过去完成进行时卿癖成进行时16过去将来完成进行时这部分常考知识点有:1)条件,时间,让步状jf i般过去吋,叭孫完威L“主将从现”可过去完成吋的区别2)3)时将来完成海常发生的动作或存在的状态:常和always, usually, often, sometimes, ery week等时间状语连用。
5、lie goes to work every day.他每天去上班。、表示普遍的真理。由于是众所周知的客观事实,所以一般不用时间状语。 例:The earth is round地球是圆的。3、有些表示心理状态或感情的动词往往用般现在时。 例:I don't think you are right我以为你错 了。4、在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来的动作,遵循“主将从现”的原则。常用的 连词有as soon as, when, until, if, unlesso我们在此引用三道真题。例 (1) ,FWhen are you going to visit your uncle in Chi
6、cago?""As soon asour work for tomorrow/'4中华英语学习网官方总站:圣才学习网www.I5中华英语学习网官方总站:圣才学习网www.IA. we're completeB. we'd completeC. well completeD. we complete(【答案】D) (2003年11月34题)仞J (2) They will go home for winter vocation as soon as theytheir exams.A. have finishedfinishC finishedD wa
7、s finishing(【答案】B) (1996年22题)例 (3) When the mixture, it will give off a powerful force.A. will heatB. will be heated C. is heatedD. has heated(【答案】C) (1992年59题)(二)、现在进行时K表示此时此刻(说话时)正在进行的动作。x例:The teacher is talking with his students.老师正在与学生们谈與、 2、表示现阶段正在进行的动作。例:I am attending a conference in New Yor
8、k.功口卄个会议。(三).现在完成时词连用);或表示动作的结果1、表示动作刚刚结束(常和just, now, already(一般不用时间状语)。例(1) Li Ming has just turned off the li上了。)例(2)1 have lost my pen.。(说明过去某时丢的,现在我还没有找到这支笔。)O (说明现在灯已经关2.表示过去某时开工 引导的短语或从句,直延续到现在并且可能会继续延续下去(當用since /引导的短语连用)。例 (1) He has $ / the army for ten years and is now an officer.B. joine
9、d inC. been inD come into49 题)厂现为军官。(现在还在军中。)Theyve known each other since childhood.他们从小认识。(现在还继续来A. gone int&、非延续性动词和it is+时间+since,.(过去时)英语中有些动词不能延续,因此不能和表示延续的时间状语连用(如for ten years)o 下题是非常典型的例子。例(1) It is ten years since he left home and joined the army.他入伍离乡己十年。 对非延续性动词,表达完成时态时常用itis+时间+sinc
10、e .的句型代替,从句用过 去时态。4x have (has) been to 和 have (has) gone to 的区别have (has ) been to:去过某地(表示某人的一种经历),可以和once, twice, often, never, ever 连用。6中华英语学习网官方总站:圣才学习网www.Ihave (has) gone to:去某地了(表示某人已经离开此地,在去某地的路途上或已 在某地,所以一般来说此句型只用于第三人称),此句型不能与上述时间状语连用。(1)He has gone to America.他已经去了美国。(现在不在此地)(2)He has been
11、 to ;merica twice.他(曾经)去过美国两次。(四)、现在完成进行时表示从过去某时一直延续到现在的一个动作,这个动作一般会继续延续下去,或 是到说话时结束,但是强调到说话时为止一直在做的动作。on the door for ten minutes now without an answer.例(1) IA. was knockingB. am knocking C knocking(【答案】D) (1998年49题)now 一词表示敲门动作持续进行一直到现在。例(2) Since he left the university, he A. has been working C h
12、ad been working(【答案】A) (2006年4月16题)in anaccounting co B. had wo妙 D. wasD. have been knockiiS-cP27中华英语学习网官方总站:圣才学习网www.I#中华英语学习网官方总站:圣才学习网www.I(五人一般过去时:now, last year,asses this term .Youtwo classes just lastC. had missed D. have missed2、 used 例:11我过表示自大学毕业起一直在会计公司工作。1、表示过去的动作或状态: when I was 18 years
13、 old 等。仞I : YouVe already missed week.A. missed(【答案】A)过去常常做 a walk in the morning.耳晨散步。(意味着现在不在早晨散步了。)在完成时和一般过去时的区别:一般过去时主要表示过去某个时间发生或完成的动作或存在过的状态。这种动 作或状态与现在没有任何联系。它只是表示过去发生过(或已完成),过去存在过。 句中往往有明确的表示过去的时间状语。如:just now, last year, when I was 10 years old 等。现在完成时则是由现在回顾过去的一种时态式,注意的是“是否曾经有过这么 一回事,该事完成后
14、遗留下来的影响或结果”。绝对不能使用指定过去某一时点的时间状语。常与下列副词连用:already, recently, yet, before, just, ever, never, since, so far, in (over, during) the past few years等。上面举的例子就能很好的体现这一区别。(六)、过去进行时1、表示在过去某一段时间正在进行的动作。常需用表示过去的时间状语或通过上 下丈来判断时间。例:He was doing his homework from seven to nine last night昨天晩上七点到九点他正在做作业。2、when和whi
15、le的用法区别when表示一个特定时间点,其所引导的句子用过去时,while表示持续的一段时 间,其所引导的句子用过去进行时。D. played例(1) I fell and hurt myself while Itennis.A. was playingB. am playingC. play(【答案】A) (1998年43题)例 (2) When youthis over with her, you should not see herA. talkB. talkedC. will talk D.艸必厨(【答案】B) (1999年35题)*例(3) One of the guardswhe
16、n the general came inhich made him very angry.A. has sleptB. were sleeping C. D. was sleeping(【答案】D) (1996年23题)“3、过去进行时表示过去将来的动作。现隹进行时可以表示将来的动作.同样,过 去进行时也可以表示从过去某时间看将来娶嚳南动作,地了。仞J : He went to see Xiao Li. He was 1 曲帚g early the next morning.他去看小李。他第二天一早(七)、过去完成时1、表示在过去或动作之前己经完成了的动作(即过去的过去。这个before A
17、.过去的某一时间可用皈'曲bre等介词或连词引导的短语或一个从句来表示。例(1) Whet to visit Mrs. Smith last week, I was told shetwo daysB. was leaving C. would leave D. had left 】D) (2003年11月40题)(2) About the sixth century A.D. when few Europeans could read, the ChineseB. had inventedD. had been inventedA. inventedC. have invented(
18、【答案】B) (1997年35题)2、表示从过去某一时间开始,一直持续到另一个过去的时间的动作。 例:The chemistry classfor five minutes when we hurried there.A. had been onB. was onC. has been onD. would be on(【答案】A) (1995年24题)3、在含有before, after, as soon as等连词引导的状语从句的复合句中,由于连词本 身可以明确表示动作发生的先后顺序,因此,主句和从句都可以用一般过去时表示, 而不用过去完成时。例:1 called him as soon
19、as 1 arrived.我刚一到就给他打电话。4、过去完成时常用在 no sooner .than., hardly/scarcely/barely.when.,. 就。句型之中,句子倒装。仞J (1) No sooner had we sat downwe found it was time to go.A. thanB. whenC. asD. while(【答案】A) (1997年50题)仞I (2) Scarcely had he opened the door when a gust of wind blew the candle 他刚打开门,蜡烛就被一阵风吹灭了。一般过去时和过去
20、完成时的区别:两者都表示过去的动作,但一般过去时表示相对于现在峨第扬,而过去完成 时则表示相对于过去某一时刻的过去,即过去的过去。过去看鎖'做过的事,应该用过 完成时单独使用时要用去时。过去完成时一般表示两个过去的动作的一先一: by的时间状语表示(到时候为止)。如:I finished the work yesterday.They had fulfilled their task by the end of laear.©(八)、一般将来时来的动作或状态。 会来帮助你的。1、will ( shall) + 原形动词:、 例:He will come and例:Are yo
21、u g6jn2、be going to +表示马上就要发生的事情或打算好要做的事。 to*Attend the lecture?你打算去听这个讲座吗?3、be t例:节馋x 4.>be'about to +动词原形:表示即将发生的动作。 例:The lecture is about to begin.讲座即将开始。矣表示安排或计划好了的动作。®Ring Road is to be open to traffic before National Day.五环路将在国庆注意:5、某些表示开始、终结.往来行动的动词如:go .come, start, arrive, leav
22、e等的现 在进行时可表示将来。(1)We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow.我们明天动身去北京。(2)The foreign guests are arriving in Shanghai tonight.外宾今晚到达上海。(九).将来完成时表示在将来某一时间以前完成的动作。这是近两年来考试的重点。其句型的基本 结构就是will have done。我们下面通过几道真题来讲解这一语法点。W (1) By next year hein New York for five years.A. has workedB has been workingC worksD w
23、ill have worked(【答案】D) (2004年11月30题)。补充:如果句子中有by引导的时间状语,句子需要用完成时;by后跟的是将来的 时间,句子需要用将来完成时,表示将来某时之前已经完成的动作。如,By next Friday, he will have studied here for three years.到下周五,他在这里学习就要满三年了。本句的意思是:到明年为止,他在纽约已经工作了五年了。例 (2) By the end of next year theytogether for twenty years.A. will have worked B. had work
24、ed C. would work D. have worked J 汁 (【答案】A) (2001年48题)。V本句的意思是:到明年年底为止,他们己经一起工作了二十年。例J (3) Iwriting the article by the time you get back.A. shall finishB. must have finished "C. have finishedD. shall have fihishbd本句的意思是:到你回来的时候,我会完成(十)、将来完成进行时(【答案】D) (2000年24题)句型结构为 will have been doing.g,for t
25、wo hours.B. I will have teen studiedD. I will have been studying 孔年仃月41题)。这一语言点在最近的考试中也 仞J : By the time you arrive this A. I will studyC. I had studied(【答案】D)练习.was walking本句的意思龜'貴到今晚你来的时候,我们就己经学习了两个小时了。”in the garden when it began to rain.D. had walkedB. walkedC. walking2. Englishin a new way
26、at my college in the past few years.A. has been teachingB. was being taughtC. has been taughtD. had been taught3. Smith is to study medicine as soon as hemilitary service.A. will finishB. has finished C. finish D. would finish4. Please be sure to telephone me the next time you.A. will comeB. would c
27、ome C. shall come D. come5. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sunA. shoneB. shinesC. has shone D. was shining6. Return the book immediately to the library as soon as youwith it.A. finishB. are finishedC. have finishedD. are finishing7. 一How are you feeling?I have been feeling better sinceA.
28、 the doctor has come B the doctor will come C. the doctor had come D. the doctorcame8. The chemistry classfor five minutes when we hurried there.A. had been onB. was on C. has been onD. would be on9. By the time Juan gets home, he aunt.A. will leaveB. leavesC. will have leftD. is leaving10. You'
29、ve already missed too many classes this term. Yo week.A. missedtwo classes just lastB. would miss C.D. have missed11. One of the guardswhen the general came in, which made him very angry.A. has sleptB. were sleeping- sleptD. was sleeping12. Dr. Robert went to New York,賽)白绑 some books and.A. visiting
30、 his daughter x B. to visit his daughterc13. Iwriting品gfapidk by the time you get backA. shall finish /B. must have finished八一 /14.pted."Is there anything wrong?''C have finishD. shall have finished.on the door. It is the second time someone me this evening.B. has interrupted C. would i
31、nterrupt D. interrupt"No, so far Ino trouble.A. have hadB. hadC. haveD. had had16. No one can be sure if the car on display fits him or her until he or shethem.A. triesB. will tryC. are tryingD has tried答案与解析1. 句意为:下雨时,玛丽正在花园里散步。“散步”这个持续动作是“开始下雨”这个瞬间动作发生的背景。应该用过去进行时。选A。2. 和m the past fbw years时
32、间状语连用的是现在完成时,而且英语是“被教”应 该用被动语态,所以选Co全句意为:在过去的几年里,在我的大学,老师用新的方 法教英语。3. as soon as +现在完成时表示将来完成。选B。句意为:史密斯服完兵役后要学 医。4. next time在这里引导一个时间状语从句,表示“下次你来的时候”。选D。5. 句意为:当我到达山顶时,阳光灿烂。“阳光灿烂”是持续动作,作为一 景.应该用过去进行时。选D。6. as soon as +现在完成时表示将来完成时。选Co句意为:你读完 即把它还给图书馆。7. since的用法:主句用现在完成时,从句则用一般过去时。8. 句意为:我们赶到的时候,化
33、学课已经开始五分钟氏、弄始五分钟”应该在“赶到那”动作之前,也就是过去的过去,应该用过,选A。10. last week是过去的时间状?般过去时o选A。选D。9. 句意为:娟到家时,她的阿姨已经走了。 恫状语从句by the time Juan gets home (gets 般现在时)可以看出,“娟到家”应该建发生在将来的动作,而且是她到 的时候,她的阿姨应该己经走了,所以要甩嘯完成时选C。士兵正在睡觉,这让将军非常生气。“睡觉”11. 句意为将军进来的悔 为持续性动作,要用过去i佃 /12. went, bought和SsitcG应该是并列谓语。选D。该是发生在 选D。等。13.从时间2句
34、by the time you get back用一般现在时能看出,"你回来”应 o到那时,“我将已经写完这篇文章了”,应该用将来完成时,此题考查it is+第几次that +现在完成时,表示第几次做某事,故选has5. 选A。so far用于现在完成时,表示至今为止.同样用法的还有up until now16.句意为:只有试了之后才知道展会上的车是不是适合他。选D。1.2被动语态基本形式:态时间-般进行完成现在be donebe being donehave been done过去was/wcrc donewas/were being donehad been done将来will
35、 be donewill be being donewill have been done一、谓语动词的被动:基本形式见上面表格.多结合时态来考察when we arrived at the airport)oing C had just k unloaded例(1) : The goodsA. were just unloading unloaded(【答案】D) (2006年4月22题). 例 (2) Hewhen the bus came to a suA. was almost hurtC. was almost hurt himself(【答案】A) (2005年4B. were j
36、ust been unD. were ji£t"ben“ _ suckjcn stop.a 各 B was almost to hurt himself f D. was almost hurting himself二、情态动词的被勞盂:"情态动词+be+过去分词。例 C1) I can't nd th/reorder in the room Itby somebodyA. must have萼砂B. may have takenC. may 咖 eiiakenD. should have been taken(2003 年 11 月 22 题)口识点比较
37、综合。首先是被动语态,录音机被人拿走了。另外还态动词加完成式表示对过去事件的推测。感官动词及使役动词(如:see, feeL hear, watch, make, bid)在主动语态 中用无to不定式做宾补,改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。考试重点:谓语动词的被动,情态动词的被动语态;感官动词和使役动词的 语态;用主动表示被动的含义。C .17中华英语学习网官方总站:圣才学习网www.I#中华英语学习网官方总站:圣才学习网www.Ithese letters again.例 (1) Because of many mistakes, she was madeA. type B. to typi
38、ng C. typed D. to type(【答案】D) (2006年11月22题)本句的意思是:因为错误太多,她又把字重新打了一遍。例 (2) Henry is often seenEnglish aloud every morning in the classroom.A. readB. readsC readingD to read(【答案】D) (2004年11月31题)四、用主动表示被动的含义。1. need/require +doing sth ( =to be done)(此句型兰语大多为物)。 例 (1) It is hot and dry; the flowers need
39、.A. being watered B. be watered C. to water D to be watered (【答案】D) (2006年11月23题)本句的意思是:天气又热又干燥,花需要浇水。例(2): My room is a mess. It needsA. to be tidying up B. tidying up(【答案】B) (2000年47题)C. to tidy upD. tidied up本句的意思是:我的房间很乱,需要收拾。2. sell wash, read, write, run等动词带状语修饰时。例:This kind of clothes sells w
40、ell.这种衣服卖得很好。 The pen writes smoothly.这只笔书写顺利。3. 主语 +sound(feel, look, smell, taste)+ 形容词。例:The dishterrible! I don,t like it at all.A. tastesB. tasted C will taste(【答案】A) (2005年11月19题)本句的意思是:这盘菜太难吃了1. The middle-aged man w murder.A. came欢。1.2配套练习out of the house on the afternoon of thecomeC. to com
41、e D. have come2. This kind of lagganuiactured by experienced craftsmen A. is wc总/,B. wearingteaching method rdo away withcomfortably.C. wears D. arc worn3. This oB. must have done away with D. must be done away withduring the night and a large number of housesto ashes.沁g/miist being done away witha4
42、.汶A. broke out were burntB. was broke out, were burntC. broke out, burntD. set out, were burned5. Englishin Australia.A. speaks B. are spoken C is speaking D. is spoken6 A new houseat the comer of the roadA. is building B is being built C. been built D. be building7. His new booknext month.A. will b
43、e published D. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published & the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are9. The flowersoften.A. must be water B must be watered C must watered D must water10. The potforhot water.A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is
44、 used; to keep D. are used; keep11. How dirty the tables are! They need.A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. cleaned12. Newlyborn babiesin hospital.A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. lake good care of D. take good care13. The applevery sweet.A. is tasted B. taste C. tastes D. are tas
45、ting14. -What do you think of the TV play?-Wonderful. It is wortha second time.A. watching B watched C seen D. seeing15. A photoeach time that buttonA. has taken. has pushedC. is taken . will be pushed答案与解析B. has been taken .hasD. is taken . is pushed:1. see sb do sth.主动语态不帯to-腐成被动语态一定要加to,选Co2. 选C。
46、此处的wear与或碰逑11等词一样,表示“起来怎么样”时,用主动形式表示被动,此句意 亠由熟练技工生产的眼镜戴起来很舒服。3. do away with 为锢: 的教学方法必须4法,应选D。r5eak out4.答 动语彳豆语,意思是“消除,废除”。题意是说“这种过时 此题考察情态动词和含介词的短语变被动语态时的用不能用被动语态,因此B不对,房子被烧成灰烬是被 前后时态要一致,此处都是过去时。选'D。英语是被讲的,speak 一词用于讲某种语言的话,为及物动词,故 O本句意思是:在澳大利亚讲英语。6.选B。此处考察被动语态的现在进行时,为be+ being doneo其他选项都不7.选
47、A。由题中的next month推断,此处考察被动语态的将来时,结构为willbe doneo&选B。根据后面的been 词可以推断此处是完成时用法,故用have/has, 所以选B。9. 选B。此处考查情态动词后的被动式。应为must+be done,故选B.本句意 思是:花必须经常浇。10. 选B。be used for为:被用做,fbr为介词,故后面要加动名词。本句意 思是:这壶是用来盛热水的。11. 选 C。need doing= need to be done,为主动表被动。12. 动词短语变被动,只需将主要动词变被动,其他成分放于后面即可。这里 新生儿是被照顾的,故用被动,
48、选B.13. Look, sound, taste, smell, feel等感官动词,不用被动形式,故选C.14. Worth后加主动形式的动名词,但表被动意思。另外看电视剧用watch,故 选A。本句意思是:这部电视剧很棒,值得再看一遍。15. 选D。根据意思应当是:每一次按那个按钮,就能照一张相。此处相片和 按钮都是动作的宾语,故用被动语态。而each time引导的时间状语中,遵循主将从现原则.故选D。1.3虚拟语气”、“如 相应的变化。虚拟语气是英语三级考试的必考知识点之一,语法现象。在汉语里表示假设虚拟的情况常用一些虚词来表示, 果”等等:而英文中表示虚拟的情况不但有虚词的提示,谓
49、语为虚拟语气的基本作用是:1.表达假设的情况,与事实相反;2.表达异想天开很难实现的愿望:3.本节重在讲解if引导的虚拟条件句,: should+动词原形的用法。虚拟(条件)语气一、虚拟语气的基本形式和1 牛句,特殊结构中的虚拟语气,以及假设类型条件从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式与现在事須殘sI件动词的过去式(be用were而不用was)would (第一人称可用should) + 动词原形I件had+ed分词would (第一人称可用should)+have+-ed 分词冷诒来事实可能相反IfVwere to+动词原形或I件should+动词原形would (第一人称可用should) +
50、 动词原形从句中谓语动词的形式可分为下面三类:面我们列举近年的真题来强化记忆。表达建议、命令、劝告等语气。例 (1) Mary said to me, "Had I seen your bag, Iit to you/A. will return B. must return C. could return D. would have returned(【答案】D) (2004年4月45题)仞 J (2) I would ask George to lend us the money if Ihim.A. had known B. have known C. knewD. know(
51、【答案】C) (1995年38题)仅 ij (3) If Bob with us; he would have had a gooc time.A. would comeC had comeB. would have comeD. came(【答案】C) (1995年59题)二、省略if的虚拟形式在虚拟条件句中,如谓语包含we© had, should等词,则可以把这些词放到主语前面,省略if。例 (1) the advice of his friends, he would not have suftered such a heavyloss in his business.(【答
52、案】D) (2004年4月32题)(【答案】B) (1996年39题).夸三、含蓄条件句紀有时一个假设的情况不呢盹贏示,而用其它方式来表示,这样的句子叫含 蓄条件句。常用with, with匕it Yor。(【答案】B) (2003年4月28题)例 (1) Without heat aid sunlight, plants on the earthwell.四、特殊词或结构中的虚拟语气:以wish (that)引导的表示愿望"的宾语从句Wish后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气,而在虚拟语气中时态的应用类似在非真实条 件中从句时态的应用。表示现在或将来的愿望用:主语+wish +从句(主语+
53、过去时); 表示一个过去没有实现的愿望用:主语+ wish+从句(主语+过去完成时);例 (1)1 dicing go to the party, but I do wish Ithere.A. wereB. would beC. had beenD. will be(【答案】C) (2001年53题)仞J (2) Peter wishes that helaw instead of literature when he was in college.A. could study B. studiedC. had studied D. would study(【答案】C) (2000年53题)
54、if only +句子(过去时/过去完成时)“要是就好了”If only后面的句子如果是对现在或将来情况的虚拟,用过去时did ;老界宴如过 去情况的虚拟,用过去完成时had done .要注意与if区别,if只表示假如果”, 用夏实语气;而if only表示不可能实现的情况,用虚拟语气。If only I were rich.要是我富有就好了。(对琶肖拟) 表示宁愿、宁可的意愿,语气比较婉转。屈;式。 例(1 )1 am too busy these days. I woulA. comeC. came(【答案】C) would rather4-句子(过去时)例(2) EdA. rather(【答案】(2002idler all of younext month for a dinner.B. would come.have comef /yAlidit tGuch that, if you don't n:ind.手多姿tterC. happierD. furtherZ年 45 题)it i多秒号),it is high time (that)句型中,谓语动词用过去时,表示早该做而未竿矗臀金思是该了、早该
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