洲际酒店集团财务手册

1、corporate finance manual this updated manual focuses on the ifrs accounting policies relevant to ihg. guidance and interpretation is also provided on the key policies. us gaap is not covered as the technical us gaap issues are all dealt with by the controllers group. sectioncontents1general2updates

2、and resolving queries3accounting policies4policy applicationsectiondescriptionpage1general52updates and resolving queries7sectiondescriptionpage3.1basis of accounting103.2consolidation113.2.1subsidiary undertakings113.2.2minority interest123.2.3associates and joint ventures133.2.4off balance sheet i

3、tems143.2.5acquisition of subsidiary undertakings143.2.6disposals of subsidiary undertakings153.2.7translation of overseas subsidiaries153.2.8consolidation adjustments163.3foreign currencies173.4prior period adjustments183.5post balance sheet events193.6tangible fixed assets203.6.1tangible fixed ass

4、ets203.6.2capital expenditure and initial measurement213.6.3capitalisation of own labour223.6.4depreciation223.6.5disposal / sale of fixed assets233.6.6licences243.6.7impairment reviews243.7intangible assets253.7.1software costs253.7.2research and development263.7.3inducement payments263.7.4manageme

5、nt contracts273.8associates, joint ventures and other equity investments283.8.1fixed asset investments283.8.2associates and joint ventures283.8.3other equity investments293.9other non-current financial assets303.10inventory313.11cash and cash equivalents323.11.1cash equivalents323.12provisions for l

6、iabilities333.13contingencies343.14revenue recognition353.15revenue expenditure363.15.1research and development363.15.2repairs and maintenance363.15.3advertising, sponsorship and promotions373.15.4pre-opening expense373.16pensions, holiday pay and employee benefits383.16.1defined benefit pension sch

7、eme costs383.16.2defined contribution pension scheme costs383.16.3holiday / vacation pay / long term service awards383.16.4severance / termination / redundancy payments393.17share based payments403.18leases413.18.1finance leases413.17.2operating leases413.18.3other lease issues413.19segmental report

8、ing423.20assets held for sale and discontinued operations443.20.1assets held for sale443.20.2discontinued operations44sectiondescriptionpage4.1identification of subsidiaries464.1.1principles and definitions464.2acquisitions and disposals474.2.1principles and definitions474.2.2acquisitions484.2.3disp

9、osals534.2.4key information to be gathered and retained534.3foreign currencies574.3.1principles and definitions574.3.2approach to foreign currency translation584.4tangible fixed assets594.4.1principles and definitions594.4.2carrying value594.4.3categorisation of tangible fixed assets604.4.4propertie

10、s614.4.5fixtures, fittings and equipment624.4.6payments on account and assets in the course of construction624.5capital and revenue expenditure634.5.1principles and definitions634.5.2initial measurement644.5.3capital retirements654.6depreciation664.6.1principles and definitions664.6.2timing of depre

11、ciation and depreciation base664.6.3accelerated depreciation674.6.4depreciation rates684.6.5standard depreciation assumptions704.6.6illustration of assets and asset components714.7sales / disposals of fixed assets754.7.1principles and definitions754.7.2disclosure764.7.3accounting treatment764.8impai

12、rment of fixed assets and goodwill774.8.1overview774.8.2key concepts774.8.3impairment review794.8.4allocation of impairment losses804.8.5subsequent monitoring of cash flows804.9associates, joint ventures and other equity investments814.9.1principles and definitions814.9.2consolidated accounts834.9.3

13、checklist for qualification of an investment as an associate844.9.4disclosure required in consolidated financial statements854.10non-current financial assets864.10.1principles and definitions864.10.2accounting864.11provisions for liabilities and charges874.11.1definition874.11.2recognition of provis

14、ion874.11.3measurement of provision874.11.4future operating losses884.11.5onerous contracts884.11.6restructuring costs884.11.7disclosures894.12contingencies904.12.1principles and definitions904.12.2normal uncertainties904.12.3contingent assets914.12.4identification of contingent liabilities914.12.5a

15、ccounting treatment of contingent liabilities924.13revenue recognition934.13.1principles and definitions934.13.2treatment of franchise fees934.13.3treatment of management fees944.13.4technical service fees944.13.5supplier incentives and rebates954.14pension costs964.14.1principles and definitions964

16、.14.2group income statement974.14.3balance sheet accounts974.14.4disposal of a subsidiary984.14.5acquisition of a subsidiary984.15leases994.15.1principles and definitions994.15.2accounting for finance leases1004.15.3operating leases1024.15.4sale and leaseback transactions1024.15.5lease incentives103

17、4.15.6other lease issues1031.0 generala. contextthe system of financial reporting within ihg is designed to ensure that the group publishes accounting information in the public domain which is consistent and complies with best accounting practice. in order to achieve these objectives group accountin

18、g polices and procedures are established which should be consistently applied throughout the group for the purposes of group reporting. these policies and procedures should also be applied to individual entity's financial statements unless to do so would contravene local legislation or standards

19、. the preparation of accounting information for release into the public domain is ultimately the responsibility of the ihg plc directors. it is their responsibility to review this information and to ensure that the financial statements give a true and fair view of the company and comply with appropr

20、iate legislation. quality control for accounting information is effectively achieved by the main board delegating the responsibility for preparing the underlying financial statements to the finance director. ultimately it is the board which must ensure that appropriate control procedures are adopted

21、 in order to achieve the group objectives. information contained in this manual is strictly confidential and for use only by ihg group personnel and the group's professional advisers. it is not to be distributed or otherwise published outside the group. any external advisers using the manual are

22、 not permitted to copy any material or to remove the manual from the premises.b. controlcontrol is exercised at three levels, namely:1. controllers group (global)2. regional and functional finance director (divisional level)3. business service centres (global and divisional)4. project managementat t

23、he corporate level, information supplied by divisions is consolidated into a group total and reviewed for compliance against published reporting standards. at the divisional level control is exercised by monitoring performance against specific operating targets. the bscs are responsible for transact

24、ion processing.c. structurefinancial control and reporting recognises two related structures within the group - the management structure and the legal structure. the management structure is based on the group's operating divisions plus those companies not falling naturally within a division. it

25、links to the segments used for external reporting. the legal structure represents the legally recognised entities (companies and branches) which comprise the total group. for the sake of convenience, financial reporting is concentrated into certain reporting units (components) though still greater i

26、n number than divisions. 2.0 updates and resolving queriesto:see distributionfrom:ralph wheelerref:date:cc:page:1 of 3procedures for establishing/amending accounting policiesdecision rightsdecision rights for establishing and amending accounting policies resides with the controller. what is in scope

27、?all accounting policies and interpretations. at a high level, policies include all the accounting policies followed in the preparation of the group financial statements (ifrs and us gaap). at a more detailed level the controller responsibility extends to all interpretations of group policies for sp

28、ecific local/regional application. interpretation includes, as required, establishing the accounting for specific transactions or types of transaction to enable a consistent global approach to be followed within the boundaries of group policies. what is not in scope?in some circumstances local gaap

29、or statutory requirements will necessitate variations to group policies. in these instances, those responsible for the preparation of local accounts should agree an interpretation with the local auditors and ensure a consistent regional application. the controller group should be advised of all mate

30、rial deviations and can be involved in local discussions if technical support is required.this document deals only with accounting policies and interpretations and not with issues related to delegation of authority, chart of accounts or standard reporting.proceduresi) new policies required because o

31、f changes in gaapthe need for new policies will generally arise because of changes to the statutory environment in which the group operates. in most cases the need for a new policy will be driven by the introduction of new accounting standards in the uk.within three months of the issue of a new stan

32、dard, the controller group will summarise the key points of the standard and issue this summary, together with a timetable for establishing a new policy, to the regional finance directors and the bsc global process owners. when possible, the timetable will target finalisation of the new policy at le

33、ast three months ahead of implementation date to ensure that systems changes and impact can be properly assessed. for standards with accelerated implementation dates this may not be possible. the process will include interpretation of the standard, industry view, technical view, auditor input, asses

34、sment of impact, policy recommendation, business unit and bsc input.the final policy will be drafted by the controller group and circulated to the regional finance directors and bsc global process owners for comment, prior to finalisation and submission to the executive committee, if appropriate. ii

35、) new policies required because of changes in the business operating environment; andiii) amendments to existing policies and interpretationsin most cases, requests for amendments will come from the regions or global functions in conjunction with the bsc, in light of experience of the application of

36、 existing policies or changes in business processes. bsc requests must be in a globally agreed format before submission.all requests for amendments must be sent to the controller indicating:· reason for change· financial impact of change· requested timetable for implementation· p

37、otential impact on coa, rcoa and standard reports· potential impact on other policies (non-accounting policies)· requesting business unit/bsc sign off · svp global bsc sign off if the request is driven from the bsc within 2 weeks of receipt of a request for change, the controller will

38、 assess whether the change requested appears acceptable under relevant gaap if not, then the request will be denied. if compliance is not an issue, the controller will send the request to the regional and functional heads of finance, the bsc global process owners and the svp global business service

39、centres (and tax if appropriate) for comment within 3 weeks.once all comments are received the controller group will summarise the responses and report to the originator any questions raised. following receipt of clarification from the originator, the controller will decide on approval/non-approval.

40、notification of changesonce approved the controller group will issue formal notification to the executive committee, if appropriate, business unit finance heads and the bsc global process owners, who will then distribute as appropriateall changes will be included in the next update version of the re

41、levant accounting manual. 3.1 basis of accountinga. definitionthe basis of accounting is the convention under which the groups financial statements are expressed. the group financial statements are prepared on a historic cost basis, except for certain items of property plant and equipment which are

42、held at revalued amounts under the transitional rules of ifrs 1, and derivative financial instruments and available-for-sale financial assets that are measured at fair value. the consolidated financial statements are presented in sterling and all values are rounded to the nearest thousand (£000

43、) except when otherwise indicated.b. group policythe groups consolidated accounts are prepared on the basis of applicable ifrs, including all international accounting standards (ias), standing interpretations committee (sic) and international financial reporting interpretations committee (ifric) int

44、erpretations issued by the international accounting standards board (iasb) as published.in 2005 ifrs 1, first-time adoption of international financial reporting standards, was applied in preparing the financial statements. the group adopted the following exemptions available under ifrs 1:a) not to r

45、estate the comparative information disclosed in the 2005 financial statements in accordance with ias 32 financial instruments: disclosure and presentation and ias 39 financial instruments: recognition and measurement.b) not to restate business combinations before 1 january 2004.c) to recognise all a

46、ctuarial gains and losses on pensions and other post-retirement benefits directly in shareholders equity at 1 january 2004.d) to retain uk gaap carrying values of property plant and equipment, including revaluations, as deemed cost at transition.e) not to recognise separately cumulative foreign exch

47、ange movements up to the 1 january 2004.f) to apply ifrs 2 share-based payments to grants of equity instruments after 7 november 2002 that had not vested at 1 january 2004.the group is registered with the securities and exchange commission in the united states and so is required to prepare and file

48、certain financial information in compliance with us gaap.3.2 consolidationa. definitionconsolidation is the process of adjusting and combining financial information from the individual accounts of a parent undertaking and its subsidiary undertakings to prepare financial statements that present finan

49、cial information for the group as a single economic entity. b. group policyihg plc prepares consolidated accounts incorporating the balance sheet, cash flows and results of the company and all of its subsidiary undertakings. the results of each subsidiary undertaking are incorporated between the dat

50、es of acquisition and disposal of that undertaking.all subsidiary undertakings comply with group accounting policies in the preparation of their financial pro formas. the majority of subsidiary undertakings have a year end coterminous with or no more than three months before that of ihg plc. where a

51、 subsidiary has a different year end, financial pro forma information for the year to the group's year end is produced.all intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated.3.2.1 subsidiary undertakings (4.1)a. definitiona subsidiary of the group is any undertaking (incorporated or unincorpo

52、rated, partnership, joint venture, trust or other vehicle) where the group has control or the ability to control the entity, either directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries. control is the power to govern the financial and operating policies of the investee so as to obtain benefits

53、from its activities. b. group policyany entity meeting the above definition is classified as a subsidiary and all its activities are consolidated within the group financial statements.owing to the broad nature of the definition of a subsidiary, guidance must be sought from group finance where there

54、is any doubt as to the relationship between undertakings.3.2.2 minority interesta. definition minority interest is defined as the interest in a subsidiary undertaking included in the consolidation that is attributable to the interest held by or on behalf of persons other than the parent undertaking

55、and its subsidiary undertakings. b. group policy partly owned subsidiary undertakings are fully consolidated by including their assets and liabilities at the latest balance sheet date. the percentage attributable to the minority is shown as "minority interests" and presented as an element

56、of equity on the balance sheet. loan capital issued by minority participants is treated within the group accounts as other external borrowings. minority interests are debited in full with their share of any loss unless this results in a debit balance. if the minority has a binding obligation to fund a loss then a debit balance can be recognised, otherwise, the lo