《牛津7B》知识点

1、牛津7B知识点归纳Unit 1 一.【精选词汇】重点短语1. would like to live next to a restaurantwould like/want sth想要某物，would like/want to do sth想做某事, would like sb to do sth想让某人做某事；疑问句Would sb like to do sth? Yes, Id like/love to.2. homes around the world世界各地的家园around/across/all over/throughout the world（country）3. look out

2、 at the beach and the sea向外看海滩和大海 look out at向外看，look out of向外看，look into向里看4. see the sea and the beach from the bedroom windows seefrom从某处看到某人或某物5. rain a lotoften rain经常下雨rain vi.下雨&n.雨水rainy有雨的It rains a lot.There is a lot of rain. It was rainy last night. a heavy rain一场大雨 rain heavily下大雨6.

3、make dinnercook dinner做饭7. on the fifth of Juneon 5th Juneon 5 Juneon June 5thon June 5 8. in the centre of在的中心9. live with my family in a flat on a busy street和我家人住在一条繁华街道的套房里10. share a bedroom with my sister和我的姐姐合住一个卧室share sth with sb和某人分享（合用）某物11. the best place to grow flowers种花的最好地方12. more t

4、han多于，超过 less than少于，不到13. on a shelf on shelves在架子上，on the balcony在阳台上 14. “到达”的三种表达方式：arrive at小地方，arrive in大地方 get to reach到达这里/那里/家arrive here/there/home get here/there/home；此时不用reach 到某人的家arrive at sbs home, get to sbs home, reach sbs home不说到达具体的地方，只能用arrive。e.g. Ill call you when he arrives. a

5、rrive on Sunday不能用arrive at/in Sunday。15. cant wait to see you迫不及待见到你 cant wait to do sth迫不及待地做某事 On Christmas morning children cant wait to open the presents in the stockings.16. take you to the Great Wall take sb to带某人去某地，不能用take sb to go to17. have your own bedroom 拥有你自己的卧室own自己的，用于所有格之后表示强调。常用on

6、es own名词，of ones own 自己独有的。a room of my ownmy own room She has her own car. 18. at least至少at most至多，两者都是后接数词名词词汇解析1. 国家首都：Japan Tokyo, the USA Washington DC, FranceParis，ThailandBangkok, the UK, the GBLondon, RussiaMoscow, GermanyBerlin, AustraliaCanberra, ItalyRome, Mexico Mexico City2. friend frie

7、ndly友好的be friendly to sb对某人友好，make friends with sb与某人交友3. 房屋相关设施：balcony阳台，kitchen厨房，ladder梯子，stairs楼梯，sitting room客厅，dining room餐厅，bedroom卧室，furniture家具，armchair扶手椅，bedside table床头柜，coffee table茶几，cupboard碗厨，柜子，lamp台灯，sofa沙发，couch长沙发，bookcase书架，bath浴缸，bathroom浴室，toilet便池；厕所，shower淋浴；淋浴间，sink洗涤槽，din

8、ner table餐桌，fridge冰箱，air conditioner空调，DVD影碟机4. journey指陆地上的长期旅行；travel/travelling指一般的旅行；tour指到各地的观光、考察的长途旅行；trip指短期间来回的商业或观光旅行。make a journey to到某地旅行，如：He made a journey to Shenzhen on business.二.【重点句型】1. The capital of the USA is Washington DC.美国的首都是华盛顿。the capital of 国家的首都，2. The house is over th

9、e river. over在的正上方，垂直向上，反义词under在正下方，垂直向下 There is a bridge over the river. Lets have a rest under the tree.above在的下方，高于，只说明物体间的上下关系，不一定垂直。反义词below在的下方，低于。above, below也可以表示“在几度以上或以下”“在直线上” The plane flew above the bridge. The temperature is below zero.below/above the line3. That sounds great/good.可简

10、写为Sounds great/good.听起来好极了。4. 电话用语：请找某人接电话好吗？May/Can/Could I speak to? 我就是。Speaking.你是谁？Who is that (speaking)?或Whos calling? Is that?你是吗？我是。This is(speaking).5. I have a room with twelve showers and four baths. 介词短语with作后置定语，如a girl with long hair一个长发女孩6. I would like all my friends to have a showe

11、r or a bath at the same time. at the same time同时 have/take a shower/bath洗淋浴/洗澡7. Wilson lives two floors above Wendy. Mary lives six floors below Wendy.三.【语法详解】方位介词、基数词、序数词方位介词方位介词：abovebelow, behindin front of, at/in the front ofat the back of, at, in, beside, beyond, beforeafter, by, between, amon

12、g, insideoutside, next to, on, opposite, overunder, on the left/right, on the left/right of在的上面 above, on和over：over在的正上方；above在的上方；on在的上面，通常与物体的表面接触，注意on the tree与in the tree的区别。在 at, in和on：at指较小的地方；in指较大的地方，意为“在的内部”；on泛指在物体的表面。at与in的大与小往往是相对而言的，有时取决于说话者的态度。在的前面 before, in front of和in/at the front o

13、f：in front of主要指一物体在另一物体的前面，两者是分开的，而in/at the front of则指一物体中有一部分位于前部，即两者是包容的；before指时间和空间上的顺序，也可用于抽象事物之前，一般不用于建筑物之前。 The girl sitting in front of me is Millie. The introduction is always in the front of the book.You must check your homework carefully before handing it in.beyond在的那一边。The house is bey

14、ond the bridge. 在的中间 between用于两者之间；among用于两者以上之间。若两者以上的人或物中有and时，用between，而不用among。The path between the two houses was covered with snow. Audrey Hepburn is among the most famous actresses. Ecuador (厄瓜多尔) lies between Columbia, Peru and the Pacific Ocean. 在之后 after和behind：after常与动态动词连用；behind常与静态动词连用

15、。 He had left his wallet on the table, so I went after him.His coat is hanging behind the door.在的对面 opposite：opposite也可作形容词，意为“相对的”。 The window is opposite the door. He lives on the opposite side of the street.在这条街的对面基数词和序数词基数词的构成112的基数词：1 one, 2 two, 3 three, 4 four, 5 five, 6 six, 7 seven, 8 eight

16、, 9 nine, 10 ten, 11 eleven, 12 twelve1319均由39加后缀-teen构成。注意thirteen, fifteen, eighteen。 13 thirteen, 14 fourteen, 15 fifteen, 16 sixteen, 17 seventeen, 18 eighteen, 19 nineteen2090等十位数均由29加后缀-ty构成。注意twenty, thirty, forty, eighty。20 twenty, 30 thirty, 40 forty, 50 fifty, 60 sixty, 70 seventy, 80 eigh

17、ty, 90 ninety2129由十位数20加个位数19构成，中间必须有连字符“-”； 21twenty-one, 22twenty-two, 23twenty-three, 24twenty-four, 25 twenty-five, 26twenty-six, 27twenty-seven, 28twenty-eight, 29 twenty-nine, 75seventy-five, 86eighty-six百位数由19加hundred构成，如果包含十位数及个位数，中间用and连接；如果只包含个位数，即十位数为零时，必须用and连接。100 a/one hundred, 200 two

18、 hundred, 300 three hundred, 706 seven hundred and six, 125 one hundred and twenty-five千位数由19加thousand构成，百位数前不加and，其后的十位、个位数构成方法同前。 1,000 one thousand, 2,000 two thousand, 5,800 five thousand, eight hundred, 1,256 one thousand, two hundred and fifty-six, 1035 one thousand and thirty-five,英语没有“万”这一单位

19、，用thousand表示万。10,000 ten thousand十万。100,000 one hundred thousand百万。1,000,000 one million, 2,000,000 two million千万、亿、十亿。1千万ten million, 1亿one hundred million, 10亿one billion基数词的用法基数词相当于名词，可以有复数形式 a man in his fiftieshundred, thousand, million, billion等词前有具体数词或several时，必须用单数形式。 Three（several） hundred/

20、 thousand/ million /billionhundred, thousand, million表示不确定数目，用复数，接of短语。hundreds /thousands/millions of, many hundreds/thousands/ millions of tens of hundreds of数千, hundreds of thousands of数十万表示“几十年代”或“几十岁”时，用逢十的基数词的复数。 in the 1970s中1970s读作nineteen seventies，in ones sixties在某人60多岁时与基数词合成的复合定语，其中名词用单数

21、。 an eleven-year-old boy, a fifty-metre-wide river序数词的构成112的序数词：1st first, 2nd second, 3rd third 4th fourth, 6th sixth, 7th seventh, 10th tenth, 11th eleventh 5th fifth, 12th twelfth 8th eighth, 9th ninth1319的序数词，直接在基数词后加th。13th thirteenth, 14th fourteenth, 15th fifteenth, 16th sixteenth, 17th seven

22、teenth, 18th eighteenth, 19th nineteenth 整位数的序数词的构成方法是：先将词尾-ty中的y变为i，然后加后缀-eth。20th twentieth, 30th thirtieth, 40th fortieth, 50th fiftieth, 60th sixtieth, 70th seventieth, 80th eightieth, 90th ninetieth两位数的序数词如果包含19的个位时，十位数用基数词，个位数用序数词，中间必须有连字符“-”。21st twenty-first, 32nd thirty-second, 43rd forty-t

23、hird, 54th fifty-fourth, 98th ninety-eighth百、千、万等的序数词有hundred, thousand等加-th，前面加有关的基数词构成。 100th one hundredth, 1000th one thousandth四.【中考真题】1. With the help of the Internet, news can every corner of the world.A. arrive B. reach C. go D. get2. It rained heavily this morning, but of my classmates were

24、 away from schoolA. neither B. none C. all D. both3. May I speak to the headmaster, please? .A. Call again, please B. Speak clearly, please C. Speak louder, please D. Hold on, please5. Well try our best to do the work with money and people. A. few; little B. a few; a little C. less; fewer D. fewer;

25、less7. Nancy spoke in such a low voice that students in our class could hear her. A. all B. many C. few D. most9.Must I wait for you here now? No, you . You may be back in an hour. A. dont have to B. mustnt C. cant D. shouldnt12. Our school has a history of two (百) years.14. will the teacher be back

26、?In ten minutes.A. How soon B. How long C. How far15.The day that we had looked forward to (到了). We could have a good rest.16. We are sure the Olympic Games in Beijing next year will be one of games in history.A. twenty-nine; more successful B. twenty-ninth; more successfulC. twenty-ninth; the most

27、successful D. twenty-nine; the most successful19. In my class some students love music, are fond of drawing and _enjoy reading.A. some; the other B.others; the other C.others; the others D. some; others 21. Hello, may I speak to Mary please? .A. I'm Mary. B. Yes, please. C. Who are you? D. Hold

28、on, please23. Qinghai-Tibet Railway(青藏铁路) was completed last year. It is the railway that connects Tibetwith the other parts of China. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth24. It is October the (nine). It's my mother's birthday.25. The boys body temperature is 39. He needs to see the doctor.

29、A. on B. over C. above D. under26. There are some bridges the Changjiang River.A. on B. over C. above D. under27. Tell Peter to phone me as soon as he .A. will arrive B. gets there C. has gone D. reach here28. Which would you like, tea, milk or coffee? is OK. I really dont mind. A. Both B. Either C.

30、 Any D. NoneUnit2 一.【精选词汇】重点短语1. one tin of dog food 一听狗食 复数：tins of dog food同义词can 罐 复数: cans a coffee can咖啡罐头2. order a pizza点一个比萨 order订购，order sth from sb向订购He ordered some machines from America. order .顺序out of order不整齐 4. go walkinggo for a walk去散步5. be close to our friends靠近我们的朋友be close to反义

31、词组be far from远离close亲密的 a close friend of mine我的一个密友6. for example例如，简写作e.g.，后接句子。such as比如，后接单词或短语。7. pay a little money付一点钱，paypayspayingpaidpaid pay attention to名词/代词/动名词 pay no attention to没注意，pay more attention to多注意pay a visit to sb拜访某人9. at the theatre在剧院 at the party在聚会上 at the youth centre在

32、青年活动中心10. a piece of bread=a slice(薄片) of bread =a loaf of bread 一块面包12. all over the place到处都是13. plan to hold a welcome party for the exchange students from Britain 14. prepare food and drink for the partyprepare formake preparations for准备好15. 还有许多many more名词复数 much more不可数名词 还有一些：some more名词复数或不可

33、数名词, some more coffee/people16. make plans to go out计划外出 make a plan to do sthplan to do sth18. show sb around带领某人参观某地19. grow vegetables and flowers种菜、种花 plant trees植树20. go into town on my bicycle骑自行车进城 by bicycle, on the/ones bicycle 骑自行车词汇解析1. souvenirs纪念品things that help you think of a person,

34、place, think of想起2.shopper/customer顾客,cashier收银员3. sick患病的；ill .生病的。a sick person不能说an ill person；feel sickfeel ill感到不舒服 fall ill病倒 be (ill) in hospital住院。5. the Palace Museum故宫golden throne宝座works of art工艺品Chinese paintings国画6. teach taught taught, teach sb sth教某人，teach sb (how) to do sth教某人做某事，tea

35、ch oneselflearnby oneself自学二.【重点句型】1. How many tins of dog food can we buy with that? None. none一个人或物也没有，常用于回答How many/much? none of可数名词复数或us/you/them，谓语动词用单数或复数；none of不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。None of them is/are from Japan None of the milk is fresh. They tried to find some money in the wallet, but they found

36、 none.用法拓展no onenobody没有人，不与of连用，回答Who。nothing没有什么，回答What。Who hears of that man? Nobody/No one. What do you know about him? Nothing.2. It is only 40 minutes from the centre of Beijing by underground. 知识链接该句=It takes 40 minutes to go from Sunshine Town to the centre of Beijing by underground. 句型：A is

37、 some time from B by.It is some time from A to B by.从A地到B地乘坐需要时间。3. Theres less air pollution in SunshineTown than in other areas of Beijing. 知识链接pollute 污染；弄脏 pollute the river污染河流5. They dont have to go far if they need help with their homework.知识链接go far走远路 need help with在某方面需要帮助 dont have todont

38、 need toneednt动词原形，不必做某事用法拓展have to表示客观方面的需要，有人称和时态的变化，常用于一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等时态，意为“不得不，得”；其否定式dont have to意为“不必”。must表示说话者的主观看法，即主观认为有必要，无人称变化，仅有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态的变化；其否定式为mustnt，意为“一定不要、禁止、不允许”。6. You can shop until ten oclock at night in most shopping malls. 知识链接until后接短语或引导时间状语从句。主句和从句的时态通常为：主句一般将来时从

39、句一般现在时主句和从句都用一般过去时。当主句是肯定句时，主句的谓语是延续性动词；当主句是否定句时，即notuntil，谓语是非延续性动词。It didnt stop raining until the next morning. She will stay in Shanghai until she finishes her task. 主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时。He didnt go to bed until his father came back.He went to bed after his father came back.notuntil转换为含有after复合句的步骤：主

40、句变为肯定句until变为after。9. What else do you want?知识链接What elseWhat other things，else作定语，通常放在疑问词或不定代词之后。10. All my classmates want to become good friends with the exchange students. 11. A: Would you like to go to the Palace Museum tomorrow? 邀请某人做某事B: Yes, sure. What can we see there? (sureof coursecertain

41、ly当然)A: We can see fine works of art there. (fine精美的)B: That sounds great. What time shall we leave in the morning? A: We shall be there at 9 am. to enjoy a full day there. (好好玩一整天)B: Yes. Ill meet you at school at 8 am. tomorrow. (英语为地点时间)12. Let me see. Oh, it must be Miss Zhaos. Her purse is the

42、same color.知识链接Let me see.让我想想看。I see.我明白了。must表推测，一定，否定式为cant，不可能。三.【语法详解】How many( much)How many名词复数? How much不可数名词?名词所有格：英语中的许多名词(主要是有生命的名词)可加-s表示所有关系。这种形式称之为名词的所有格。与之相对的，即不带这种词尾形式的叫做普通格。名词所有格-s的加法：一般情况下直接加-s。Toms sister不以-s词尾的名词复数也加-s。womens club, Childrens Day以-s词尾的名词复数只加“”号。the workers club, T

43、eachers Day如果某物为两人或两人以上共有，在最后一个名词的词尾加-s；若非共有，则每个名词的词尾都加-s。Mary and Janes room玛丽和简的房间，Marys and Janes rooms玛丽的房间和简的房间表示店铺、处所或某人家的名词加-s，其后的名词常常省略。at the tailors 在裁缝店at the butchers在肉铺at the barbers在理发店 at my uncles在我叔叔家表示年代的名词可加-s或s in the 1970s/1970s 在20世纪70年代 名词所有格-s的用法：用在有生命的名词后：Peter and Sams fath

44、er用在时间名词后：todays newspaper今天的报纸, a months salary一个月的薪水用在距离的名词后：twenty minutes walk步行20分钟的路程,用在长度、天体、重量、价格名词后。用在某些固定短语中。a birds eye view鸟瞰, in ones minds eye在某人的心目中of所有格的用法用于无生命的东西。the cover of the book, the door of the room用于较长定语修饰的有生命的东西。the story of Lei Feng, the classroom of Class 1用于名词化的词。the li

45、ves of poor children双重所有格：双重所有格指“of名词所有格”或“of名词性物主代词”。与a/an或数词连用。a photo of his brothers他哥哥的一张照片, a cousin of mine与this, that, these, those等连用，表示感情色彩。that novel of Marys玛丽的那本小说注意双重所有格与of所有格的不同含义。He is a friend of my brother.我哥哥的一个朋友(强调我哥哥的朋友不止一个)，He is a friend of my brother我哥哥的朋友(强调他对我哥哥的友好)物主代词词形变

46、化人称代词在名词前作主语或宾语，与名词是同位语关系；而物主代词在名词前用作定语，与名词是修饰关系。 We students should study hard. Our students hould study hard.不定冠词a/an的基本用法表示非特指的任何“一个”，代表同类事物中的“一个”。 A camel is bigger than a horse.用在某些物质名词和抽象名词前，表示“一阵、一场”等。a gentle wind一阵微风a heavy rain一场大雨be a big success很成功用在序数词前，表示“再一、又一”。a second time再一次(第二次)习惯

47、用不定冠词的短语：a bit/little, a type of, a moment later, as a matter of fact, as a result, catch/have a cold, do sb a favour, have/take a bath, have/take a break, have a breath, have a chance, have/live a happy life, have a headache, ,have/take a swim, have a try, have a walk, pay a visit to, in a hurry定冠词

48、the的基本用法指特定的人或物，意思是这（那）个，这（那）些。Do you like the books?前面提到的人、物或与其有关的事物。I got a letter just now. The letter was sent by e-mail. 双方都知道的人或物。Would you mind my opening the window? Look. Here comes the bus.世上独一无二的事物及自然现象。The moon moves around the earth.序数词前。June is the sixth month of the year.形容词、副词最高级前(副词

49、前常省略the)。the best season of the year, work (the) hardest形容词前表示一类人或物。the rich, the young表乐器的名词前。play the piano弹钢琴, learn the guitar学吉他表姓氏的名词复数前，指全家人或全家人中的一些人，如夫妇俩等。the Blacks, the Zhangs表年代、朝代、时代的名词前。 the 1990s 习惯用定冠词的固定短语：all over the country/worldat the age ofat the beginning/end ofat the momentat

50、the top of ones voice高声by the way, in the distance在远处in the east ofin the endin the middle ofin the morning/afternoon/eveningon the air(用无线电)播送on the left/righton the phoneon the radio通过无线电on the spot当场；到场on the watch戒备；注意on the way toon the whole总的来说on the one handon the other hand一方面；另一方面定冠词的位置：放在

51、exactly, just, half, double, twice, all, both等词之后。四.【中考真题】1. Your digital watch is quite nice. Where did you buy ? I want to buy , too.A. one; one B. it; it C. it; one D. one; it2. How many are there in the international village? A. Chinese B. Russian C. American D. Asian3. come and join us in the game? . But I must meet my uncle at the airport.A. Why not to; I think so B. Why not; I hope so C. Why dont you; Im very tired D. Why not you; I like it 4. What else do you want? else. I think I have got everything ready. A. Something B. Nothing C. Anything D. Everyt