高考时态语态的重要考点

1、高考时态语态重要考点高考时态语态重要考点及物动词及物动词不及物动词不及物动词连系动词连系动词情态动词情态动词助动词助动词 动词可分为动词可分为: : 行为动词行为动词动词动词谓语动词谓语动词时态、语态时态、语态虚拟语气虚拟语气非谓语动非谓语动词词不定式不定式动名词动名词分词分词现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词动词的分类动词的分类 语态语态时态时态主动主动被动被动一般现在时一般现在时v. /v.sam /is /are + Vp.p一般过去时一般过去时vedwas / were + Vp.p一般将来时一般将来时will + v.will be + Vp.p过去将来时过去将来时would + v.

2、would be + Vp.p过去完成时过去完成时had + Vp.phad been + Vp.p现在完成时现在完成时have /has + Vp.phave /has been + Vp.p将来完成时将来完成时will have + Vp.pwill have been + Vp.p现在进行时现在进行时am /is / are + Ving am /is /are + being + Vp.p过去进行时过去进行时was /were + Vingwas /were + being + Vp.p时态和语态的主要考点时态和语态的主要考点1 1、考查在语境中判断动词时态的运用能力。常、考查在语境中

3、判断动词时态的运用能力。常考的时态为：考的时态为：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在进行、过去进行、现在完成、过去完成、现现在进行、过去进行、现在完成、过去完成、现在完成进行、过去将来等。在完成进行、过去将来等。2 2、时间、条件、让步等状语从句、时间、条件、让步等状语从句中动词的时态中动词的时态； 主从句时态主从句时态呼应问题。呼应问题。3 3、几种时态的几种时态的替代问题替代问题. .最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配一般现在一般现在Every day, from time to time, often, always 现在进行现

4、在进行now, these days; always, constantly, again现在完成现在完成for+时间段时间段, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, up to now, in the past/last years, already, recently 一般过去一般过去yesterday, last week, the other day, in 1949, at that time, once, a few days ago, when（表过去）（表过去）过去进行过去进行at nine last night, the whole m

5、orning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last night when, while 过去完成过去完成before, by, up till, when, after, hardlywhen; no sooner than 一般将来一般将来next Friday, tomorrow, in two weeks, in 2020 过去将来过去将来多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后的动多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后的动作作1 一般现在时的用法一般现在时的用法1. 经常性或习惯性的动作经常性或习惯性的动作2. 客观真理客观真理,客观存在客

6、观存在,科学事实或表示格言或警句。科学事实或表示格言或警句。3. 表将来表将来:按火车、汽车、飞机等按火车、汽车、飞机等时刻表时刻表将要发生将要发生的事的事. 此时句中有时有将来的时间状语此时句中有时有将来的时间状语, 但不用将但不用将来时来时. The train leaves at three this afternoon.4.在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。现在时代替一般将来时。 If it is fine tomorrow ,we will go to the countryside.2 一般过去时的用法一般过去

7、时的用法 1）表示过去发生的，和现在没有联系的动）表示过去发生的，和现在没有联系的动作或状态。作或状态。.-Ive bought a box of chocolates for our daughter. -Oh, how good a dad! But she doesnt like sweet things. _ that?A. Dont you know B. Havent you known C. Didnt you know D. Hadnt you knownC2）注意：一般过去时与过去进行时的区别：）注意：一般过去时与过去进行时的区别： I wrote a letter this

8、 morning. I was writing a letter this morning. 一般过去时表示一个一般过去时表示一个完成完成的动作，而的动作，而过去进行时则表示一个过去进行时则表示一个没有完成且正没有完成且正在进行在进行的动作。的动作。（信已写完）（信已写完）(正在写，不一定写完正在写，不一定写完)3. 一般将来时一般将来时表示将来时的四种形式表示将来时的四种形式will /shall +动词原形动词原形be going to do be about to do(正要干什么正要干什么)be to do 、 、 不适合语法填不适合语法填空中填动词的适当形式空中填动词的适当形式-Th

9、e telephone is ringing.-I _ answer it. will B. am going to C. am to D. am about to- Alice, why didnt you come yesterday?- I _, but I had an unexpected visitor.A. had B. would C. was going to D. did be going to 有很强的计划性，打算干什有很强的计划性，打算干什么，而么，而will表示谈话时临时决定的意图，具表示谈话时临时决定的意图，具有临时性和偶然性。有临时性和偶然性。ACbe going

10、 to 可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。而而will 不能表示不能表示Look at the clouds! Its going to rain. be to表示约定、计划或职责、义务要求表示约定、计划或职责、义务要求即将发生的动作。即将发生的动作。be to 表示表示客观客观安排或受人指示而做某事安排或受人指示而做某事.be going to 表示表示主观主观的打算或计划。的打算或计划。* I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.* Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon.

11、 be about to do 表示表示“正要干什么正要干什么”，常与常与when 连用连用when :就在这时就在这时 (突然发生意想不到的事突然发生意想不到的事)句型：句型： be about to do when.I was about to leave when it rained. 语法填空中多以语法填空中多以when 来设空来设空特别注意特别注意The plane _ (leave) tomorrow.Ive won a holiday for two to Florida. I _ my mum. A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. wil

12、l have been A(1)一般现在时表示将来，特别用于车、船、一般现在时表示将来，特别用于车、船、飞机等时刻表中安排好的。飞机等时刻表中安排好的。(2)某些表某些表位移位移的瞬间动词的瞬间动词 “go, come, arrive, stay, leave, start, begin, fly, take ” 等用等用现现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。在进行时表示将要发生的动作。leaves4. 现在进行时现在进行时1表示说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作表示说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态。或状态。(时间点，时间段）时间点，时间段）2表示现阶段一直在进行的动作表示现阶段一直在进行的动作 ，

13、但说话，但说话时不一定正在进行。时不一定正在进行。 I dont really work here. Im helping until the new secretary comes.特殊用法：特殊用法： 1. 1. 表示一般将来时表示一般将来时 2. 2. 现在进行时与现在进行时与always, continually , always, continually , constantly, neverconstantly, never，again again 等连用，表示等连用，表示厌恶厌恶或赞扬或赞扬的感情色彩。的感情色彩。 You You are always forgettingare

14、 always forgetting the important things. the important things. 3 3有些词有些词不用于进行时态不用于进行时态：表示：表示“存在、存在、所有、知觉、认识，感情所有、知觉、认识，感情”等状态等状态存在存在： keep ,stay , remain , be, consist of , contain所有：所有： have, belong to , possess, own , hold 知觉：知觉： sound， look / seem / appear smell, taste, feel , see , hear , 认识：认识：

15、 understand, know, suppose, remember, admit, forget, believe, think情感：情感：like, love, hate, prefer 1 1表示表示 过去过去某一时间某一时间正进行的动作正进行的动作 。通常。通常有时间状语（从句），或由上下文表示。有时间状语（从句），或由上下文表示。 -Hey, look where you are going?-Hey, look where you are going? -Oh, I -Oh, Im terribly sorry ._.m terribly sorry ._. A. I A. I

16、m not noticing B. I donm not noticing B. I dont noticingt noticing C. I haven C. I havent noticing D. I wasnt noticing D. I wasnt noticingt noticing D2 2 表示表示 过去过去某一阶段某一阶段一直在进行的动作，一直在进行的动作，但这个动作可以完，也可以不一定完成。但这个动作可以完，也可以不一定完成。 -Why weren-Why werent you at the meeting?t you at the meeting? -I _ for a

17、long -I _ for a long distance call from my distance call from my father in Australia.father in Australia. A. waited B. was waiting A. waited B. was waiting C. had waited D. have been C. had waited D. have beenB3 3 在简单句中有在简单句中有at that time, then , this at that time, then , this time yesterday / last

18、week, at 10 otime yesterday / last week, at 10 oclock clock last nightlast night 等具体的时间状语用过去进行等具体的时间状语用过去进行时态。时态。I first met Lisa three years ago . She I first met Lisa three years ago . She _ (work) at a radio shop at _ (work) at a radio shop at the time.the time.was working另：另：与与always连用，表示感情色彩连用，

19、表示感情色彩,与现在进与现在进行时一样。行时一样。My brother was always losing his key.1 1表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，结果， They have cleaned the classroom. (They cleaned the They have cleaned the classroom. (They cleaned the classroom and the classroom is clean now.)classroom and the classroom is clean now.)2

20、2 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在而且可能继表示过去已经开始，持续到现在而且可能继续下去的动作状态。续下去的动作状态。He hasnHe hasnt given me any more trouble since then.t given me any more trouble since then.用于现在完成时的句型用于现在完成时的句型 1）It is the first / second timethat从句用现在从句用现在完成时。完成时。It is the first time that I have visited the city.It was the third time that

21、 the boy had been late. 注意比较注意比较 Its time that 结构：结构： It is high time that we _ (go) to school.2）This is the+最高级最高级that结构结构，that 从句从句要用现在完成时要用现在完成时. This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen. went1. 1. 表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成了的动表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成了的动作，即作，即“过去的过去过去的过去”。常用时间状语：常用时间状语：by/by the end of +by/b

22、y the end of +过去时间过去时间by the time +by the time +从句从句( (一般过去时一般过去时), + ), + 主句主句( (过去完成时过去完成时) )The film had already begun The film had already begun when I got there.when I got there.They had left They had left before I returned.before I returned.We had finished the work We had finished the work by

23、last month( by the time by last month( by the time he came.)he came.)2 . 2 . 表示由过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过表示由过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一个时间的动作或状态。去另一个时间的动作或状态。I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.bus finally came.3. 用于用于hardly when ; no soone

24、rthan ( 一一.就就 )等句子中。等句子中。Hardly had we arrived when she started complaining. hope ,think , expect, intend, mean, suppose, want, imagine等，用于过去完成等，用于过去完成时，表示过去未实现的希望或意图时，表示过去未实现的希望或意图, 译为译为“本本来想来想/打算打算”I had hoped to buy him a small present, but forgot it because of my busy work.5. 5. It It is is the

25、first time + the first time +从句（用从句（用现在现在完成时）完成时） It It waswas the first time + the first time +从句（用从句（用过去过去完成时）完成时）6. 6. 用于对过去假设的虚拟语气中的从句。用于对过去假设的虚拟语气中的从句。If I If I had knownhad known your telephone number yesterday, your telephone number yesterday, I I would have telephonedwould have telephoned you you .构成：构成：have /has been doinghave /has been doing表示过去某一动作状态一直持续到现在，也表示过去某一动作状态一