必修一第四单元语言点

1、Book 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes language points 1. In the farmyard, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 农家大院里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃东西。 1) Both Wang Wei and Wang Kun were too tired to walk any more.(累得不能步行) 2) The earth will become too hot to live on.（热得我们不能居住） 3) The work was too hard for him to

2、do.（太难了，他不能做）2. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. 【寓词于境寓词于境】 阅读下列句子，并试着阅读下列句子，并试着总结总结burst在句中的词性、含义及用法。在句中的词性、含义及用法。1) The pipes had burst and the house was under two feet of water.2) The police burst into the room and took the young man away. 3) Hearing the news, the

3、 woman burst into laughter.5) There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 4) She burst out crying for no reason, which surprised us.burst作作 _ 词，意思是词，意思是 _（句（句1）；）；常用于短语常用于短语 burst into + a room, building, etc. 闯入，突然破门而入（句闯入，突然破门而入（句2）；）；burst into + n. 突然爆发，突然突然爆发，突然起来（句起来（句3）；）；burst out doing突

4、然突然（句（句4）。）。burst作作 _ 词，意思是词，意思是 _（句（句5），还可指），还可指“爆裂；破裂之处，裂口爆裂；破裂之处，裂口”。动动爆裂爆裂名名突然一阵突然一阵 用用burst或其短语的适当形式填空。或其短语的适当形式填空。 1) The plane crashed and _ flames.2) The dam _ because of the heavy rain.3) It looked as if Kate was about to _ _ tears.4) Everyone was quiet when John suddenly _ laughing.burst o

5、utburst intoburstburstinto突然开始做某事突然开始做某事1). _ flames. (房子一下子烧了起来房子一下子烧了起来)2). The little girl _. (突然哭了起来突然哭了起来)= The little girl _. The house burst intoburst into tearsburst out crying 3. It seemed that the world was at an end.似乎世界末日来临。 It seemed that (看来)she didnt do it on purpose. 2). It seemed to

6、 me that (我看来) he was late for the train. 3). There seems to be something wrong with the machine . (机器似乎出了毛病) 4). He seemed to be pleased (他看起来很高兴) with the work. 4. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. ruin n. U毁坏；毁灭，崩溃毁坏；毁灭，崩溃 C(pl.) 废墟，遗迹废墟，遗迹 v. (使使)破产，破产，(使使)堕落，毁灭堕落，毁灭 in ruin

7、s 成为废墟；破败不堪成为废墟；破败不堪 come/fall to ruincome/fall to ruin 毁灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏掉毁灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏掉 ruin oneself 自取灭亡自取灭亡 (2)Years of fighting have left the area _. 多年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍。 (3)A large number of churches _ after the revolution. 革命过后，许多教堂都毁了。 (4)The heavy rain _. 大雨把我们的假期彻底搞糟了。 (5)If you go on like this, youl

8、l _. 如果你继续这样下去，你会自己毁了自己。in ruinsfell to ruinruined our holidayruin yourselflie (lay, lain): to be, remain or be kept in a certain statein ruins: severely damaged or destroyedruindestroydamageruinedIn the flood many cars were badly _.The buildings were badly _ in the attack of the enemies.The bad new

9、s completely _ my hope.damageddestroyed damage 指部分指部分“损坏损坏”、“损害损害”、“破坏破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。它可或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词以用作动词, 也可以用作名词也可以用作名词, 用作名词用作名词时常与时常与 to something 连用。连用。e.g. The accident did a lot of damage to his car. destroy 只能用作动词只能用作动词, 指彻底破坏指彻底破坏, 以致不可能修复以致不可能修复, 常作常作“破坏破坏”、“毁灭毁灭”解解, 也可以指希望、计划等打破。也可以指希

10、望、计划等打破。e.g. The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town. ruin指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次的打往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次的打击结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物击结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。的破坏。e.g. The fire ruined the house. The company is facing ruin. The house has fallen into ruin.Smoking ruined his health.吸烟毁了他的健康。吸烟毁了他

11、的健康。She ruined his prospects.她毁了他的前途。她毁了他的前途。Everywhere they looked nearly everything was _. destroyedHe _ his girl friends prospects.ruinedSoft wood _ easily.damages (1)The car was only slightly _in the accident. 这辆车在事故中只受到轻微的损坏。这辆车在事故中只受到轻微的损坏。 (2)That will_ the reputation of our products. 那会毁了我们产

12、品的声誉。那会毁了我们产品的声誉。 (3)The crops are nearly _ _by the continuous rain. 连续不断的雨水几乎毁坏了这些农作物。连续不断的雨水几乎毁坏了这些农作物。damageddestroyruinedTwo thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. 1). Two-thirds of the students are (be) against the plan. 2). Nearly three fourths of the earth is (be) covered

13、by water. 1) Their criticisms have hurt him deeply. 3）He was slightly injured in the car accident. 4）He got wounded in the fighting. 5）What you said hurt my feeling. 3). Im sure smoking harm(有害) you. 4). Of course I didnt want to hurt your feelings (伤害他的感情). 5). He was injured (受伤) in both legs.Hurt

14、/injure/wound/harm (1)The robber _ him with a knife. 那强盗用刀刺伤了他那强盗用刀刺伤了他。 (2)These criticisms have_his pride deeply. 这些批评使他的自尊心深深地受到了伤害。这些批评使他的自尊心深深地受到了伤害。 (3)Two people have been badly _ in the accident. 有两个人在这次事故中严重受伤了。有两个人在这次事故中严重受伤了。 (4)Dont_ your eyes by reading in dim light. 不要在昏暗的灯光下看书，以免损伤眼睛。

15、不要在昏暗的灯光下看书，以免损伤眼睛。wounded hurt injuredharm6. People were shocked.e.g. I was shocked by the way he treated his own mother.I was shocked at her smoking.shock v. （使）震惊，使惊愕（使）震惊，使惊愕e.g. Whoever touches that wire can get badly shocked. e.g. It gave me quite a shock to be told I was seriously ill.shock v

16、. 使受电击使受电击shock n. 震惊震惊e.g. An electric shock can kill you.shock n. 电击电击有类似用法的词有很多，如：有类似用法的词有很多，如：interest, frighten, excite, puzzle, satisfy 等。等。shock 有两种分词转化成的形容词有两种分词转化成的形容词形式：形式：shocking令人震惊的令人震惊的(用来修饰物用来修饰物); shocked震惊的震惊的(用来修饰人用来修饰人)。 用用shock的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。 1) The news of his mothers death wa

17、s a terrible _ to him. 2) What _ us most was that such a good boy should quarrel with his father.3) O Henrys short stories always gave the readers _ endings.shockingshockshocked(1)The news of his wifes death was _ him.他妻子去世的消息对他打击太大了。他妻子去世的消息对他打击太大了。(2)He _ her smoking.看到她在吸烟，他很吃惊。看到她在吸烟，他很吃惊。(3)_to

18、 see how my neighbours treated their children.看到邻居们如何对待孩子，我感到震惊看到邻居们如何对待孩子，我感到震惊。a terrible shock towas shocked atIt shocked me 7. All hope was not lost. (=There was still some hope.): Not all hope was lost. 不是所有希望都破不是所有希望都破灭了。（也不是所有希望都没有了。）灭了。（也不是所有希望都没有了。） all, both, each, every与与 not 连用表示部连用表示部分否

19、定；分否定； no +名词名词, neither, none + 肯定谓语表示肯定谓语表示全否定。全否定。 1) Both the answers are not right. _ is right. (全否定全否定) 2) None of us were (was) allowed to go there. _ to go there. (部分否定部分否定) 3) Each of the three hasnt the opportunity. _ has the opportunity. (全否定全否定)Neither of the answersAll of us were not al

20、lowedNone of the three7. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. 阅读下列句子，注意阅读下列句子，注意trap的意思及用法。的意思及用法。1) The elevator broke down and we were trapped inside (it). 2) I must take no notice of their politeness or kindness which was designed to trap me into giving information

21、.3) If were lucky, the thief will fall right into our trap.归纳归纳 trap 可以作可以作 _，意为：，意为： _（句（句1）。可以构成短语）。可以构成短语trap sb. into (doing) sth.，表示，表示“使中计；使陷使中计；使陷入圈套入圈套”（句（句2）。也可以作名词，意为：）。也可以作名词，意为： _（句（句3）；）； _（句（句4）。）。动词动词使陷入困境使陷入困境困境困境陷阱陷阱4) To break out of the trap they need help from the government. 根据括

22、号内的提示完成句子。根据括号内的提示完成句子。1. I knew perfectly well _ (这是一个陷阱这是一个陷阱).2. By clever questioning, they _ (诱使他诱使他) making an agreement.it was a trap trapped him into2. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. 这是一个复合句。句子的主干是这是一个复合句。句子的主干是_。_

23、引导非限制引导非限制性定语从句，修饰性定语从句，修饰people。But the one million people were asleep as usual that nightwho think little/much/highly of The boy was highly thought of for his kindness. (由于他的善举而得到了大家的高度赞扬。由于他的善举而得到了大家的高度赞扬。【翻译翻译】 但是，唐山市的一百万居民几但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当作一回事，当天乎都没有把这些情况当作一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。晚上照常睡着了。【仿写仿写】 但是

24、，那位与我素不相识的年但是，那位与我素不相识的年轻人，那天就像我的亲兄弟一样帮助我轻人，那天就像我的亲兄弟一样帮助我摆脱了困境。摆脱了困境。_But the young man, whom I didnt know, helped me out like my own brother that day. 4. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖 出来，将死者掩埋。出来，将死者掩埋。 句子的主干是句子的

25、主干是The army organized teams, to dig out . and to bury . 这两个不定式短这两个不定式短语作目的状语，语作目的状语，who were trapped是定语从是定语从句，修饰句，修饰 _。 those【仿写仿写】 他们种下许多果树，让那些穷他们种下许多果树，让那些穷人富裕起来，而且也是为了保护环境。人富裕起来，而且也是为了保护环境。_They planted plenty of fruit trees to make those who were poor rich and also to protect the environment.dig

26、 out 挖掘；发现挖掘；发现to dig out the tapped miners把困在井下的矿工们挖救上来把困在井下的矿工们挖救上来to dig oneself out of the snow自己从雪堆中爬出来自己从雪堆中爬出来e.g. We dug out the truth from a mass of information.我们从一大堆材料中发现了真相。我们从一大堆材料中发现了真相。bury: The dog buried the bone in the ground.I buried myself in my studies. bury oneself in = be buri

27、ed in 专注于专注于; 全神贯注于全神贯注于他专心致志于他的研究以至于忘了要与机他专心致志于他的研究以至于忘了要与机场接他的妻子。场接他的妻子。He was so much absorbed in his study that he forgot to meet his wife in the airport.11. For days the water in the village rose and fell, rose and fell.rise vi. (rose, risen)上升上升; 升起升起; 上涨上涨; 升高升高; 增加增加 raise vt.( raised, raise

28、d) 举起举起, 抬起，喂养抬起，喂养 He _ from his chair when the doorbell rang. Her job is _ chickens. Her temperature is still _. He _ in rank recently.roseraisingrisinghas risen 12. congratulation n 1） 庆贺，祝贺，常用复述形式，并与介词庆贺，祝贺，常用复述形式，并与介词on搭配，搭配， 构成短语构成短语congratulations on sth. /doing . 2）Congratulations ( on your

29、winning the races)！恭喜（你获得了胜利）！恭喜（你获得了胜利）！ I offered _ his success. 我对他的成功表示了祝贺我对他的成功表示了祝贺。 3）congratulate v. 构成短语构成短语 congratulate sb. on sth. /doing. congratulate oneself that.：my congratulations on 1）Well, congratulate yourself _. 你应该为你自己未受诱惑而庆幸。你应该为你自己未受诱惑而庆幸。 2）We _ the examination. 我们祝贺他通过了考试。我

30、们祝贺他通过了考试。 3) I _ from illness. 我祝贺你康复。我祝贺你康复。that you resisted the temptationcongratulated him on having passedcongratulate you on your recovery13. express vt. 表示；表达表示；表达; n. 快车；快递快车；快递 1. I cannot express to you how grateful I am. 我无法向你表达我是多么感激。我无法向你表达我是多么感激。 2. The value of this exercise is that

31、it gets the students to express themselves freely. 这项练习的价值在于它能促使学生自由地表达自己的思这项练习的价值在于它能促使学生自由地表达自己的思想。想。 3. My friend and I returned to town by the midnight express. 我和我朋友乘午夜的快车回城。我和我朋友乘午夜的快车回城。 4. Can I deliver the pacel by express? 我可以用快递寄送这份文件吗？我可以用快递寄送这份文件吗？14. It seemed that the world was at an

32、end.似似乎世界末日来临。乎世界末日来临。seem连系动词，连系动词，“似乎，好像似乎，好像”1）seem + (to be ) + adj./n.2）seem + to do3）seem + like + n.4）It seems/seemed (to sb.) + that-clause如：如：He _ quite happy.(他似乎很快乐。他似乎很快乐。)=It _ is quite happy.seems to beseems that It _ I have seen her before. （我好像以前曾经见过她。）（我好像以前曾经见过她。） = I _ before. It

33、_ years since we last met. （从上次我们相遇后，好像过了好久）（从上次我们相遇后，好像过了好久） =It _ years since we last met.seems thatseem to have seen herseems likeseems to be 1. 好像好像他的事业就快要结束结束了。 It seems that his career is at an end. 2. 据报道据报道，我们市吸烟人数已达到100万。It is reported that the number of smokers in our city has reached one

34、million. 3. 我想知道这些幸存者是如何被营救营救的。I wondered how the survivors were rescued. 4. 百分之六十的旅客宁愿住在窗朝南的房间。 Sixty percent of the travelers prefer to live in the rooms whose windows face south. 5. 他的工作丢丢了，但并非所有并非所有美好的希望都破灭了。His job was gone but not all the hope was lost. 6. 学校将组织组织学生在操场周围挖挖一条水沟并植树The school will organize the students to dig out a channel and plant trees around the playground. 7. 消防员没有多考虑没有多考虑个人的安危,像平常一样将困在困在大火中的人员援救出来. The